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Mixed Ethnicity (mixed + ethnicity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

CULTURAL DIVERSITY, DISCRIMINATION, AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

ECONOMIC INQUIRY, Issue 2 2007
PAUL J. FERRARO
Does cultural diversity affect economic outcomes? We develop an experimental framework that complements ongoing research on this question. We vary the ethnic mix of bargaining sessions to study intercultural interactions among members of U.S. Hispanic and Navajo cultures. We control for demographic differences in our subject pools and elicit beliefs directly in order to differentiate between statistical discrimination and preference-based discrimination. Hispanic and Navajo subjects behave differently, and their behavior is affected by the ethnic composition of the experimental session. Our experimental framework can shed light on economic behavior and outcomes in societies of mixed ethnicity, race, and religion. (JEL C78, C90, Z10) [source]

The progression of tooth erosion in a cohort of adolescents of mixed ethnicity

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 5 2003
C. R. Dugmore
Summary. Objectives. To establish the prevalence of tooth erosion in a sample of 12-year-old children and to monitor changes over the subsequent 2 years. Methods. A random sample of 1753 children aged 12 years was drawn from all 62 state maintained schools in Leicestershire. A total of 1308 were re-examined 2 years later. Erosion was recorded on incisors and first molars using an erosion index based upon that from the Children's Dental Health in the United Kingdom 1993 survey. A score was also allocated to each subject according to the most advanced lesion in the mouth. Results. Erosion was present in 56·3% of subjects at age 12 and 64·1% at age 14. Deep enamel or dentine was eroded in 4·9% and 13·1% of subjects, respectively, at the same ages. One hundred and sixty-one (12·3%) children who were erosion-free at 12 years of age developed erosion over the subsequent 2 years. Boys had more erosion than girls, as did white compared to Asian children. Associations were found between erosion experience and social deprivation. Conclusion. New erosive lesions developed in 12·3% of the subjects between the ages of 12 and 14 years. New or more advanced lesions were seen in 27% of the children over the 2 years of the study. Males, white children and social deprivation were significantly associated with erosion experience. [source]

Ethnic Labels and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Use among Middle School Students in the Southwest

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 1 2001
Flavio Francisco Marsiglia
This article explores differences in the self-reported drug use and exposure to drugs of an ethnically diverse group of 408 seventh-grade students from a large city in the southwest. We contrast the explanatory power of ethnic labels (African American, non-Hispanic White, Mexican American, and mixed ethnicity) and two dimensions of ethnic identity in predicting drug use. One dimension focuses on perceived ethnically consistent behavior, speech, and looks, while the other gauges a sense of ethnic pride. Ethnic labels were found to be somewhat useful in identifying differences in drug use, but the two ethnic identity measures, by themselves, did not generally help to explain differences in drug use. In conjunction, however, ethnic labels and ethnic identity measures explained far more of the differences in drug use than either did alone. The findings indicate that the two dimensions of ethnic identity predict drug outcomes in opposite ways, and these relations are different for minority students and non-Hispanic White students. Generally, African American, Mexican American, and mixed-ethnicity students with a strong sense of ethnic pride reported less drug use and exposure, while ethnically proud White students reported more. Ethnic minority students who viewed their behavior, speech, and looks as consistent with their ethnic group reported more drug use and exposure, while their White counterparts reported less. These findings are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided. [source]

Meta-analysis: polymorphisms in TNF-, gene promoter and Crohn's disease

ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 2 2010
Z. Han
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 159,170 Summary Background, Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-,) is involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). However, results on the association between the polymorphisms in TNF-, promoter and the risk of CD are inconsistent. Aim, To perform a quantitative synthesis for the genetic polymorphisms in TNF-, promoter and CD risk. Methods, Databases were searched (up to 2009) and 31 studies were included. Risks of CD associated with the polymorphisms in TNF-, promoter were assessed. Results, Overall, individuals with -1031 TC+CC genotype had a slightly increased risk to develop CD compared with individuals with -1031 TT genotype (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.03,1.70). In the further stratified analysis, we found Asians with the -1031T>C, -863 C>A and -857 C>T variant polymorphisms have almost one and a half CD risk compared with other genotypes (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.16,2.15; OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.18,2.02; OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.19,1.99 respectively). We did not find -308 G>A variant associated with CD location and disease behaviours in stratified analysis. Conclusions,TNF-, polymorphisms in the promoter region might be used as a biomarker for CD risk prediction. Larger studies with mixed ethnicity subjects and stratified by clinical and sub clinical characteristics are needed to validate our findings. [source]