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Mental Health Conditions (mental + health_condition)
Selected AbstractsPsychiatric Comorbidity in Epilepsy: A Population-Based AnalysisEPILEPSIA, Issue 12 2007Jose F. Tellez-Zenteno Summary Purpose: The estimated prevalence of mental health disorders in those with epilepsy in the general population varies owing to differences in study methods and heterogeneity of epilepsy syndromes. We assessed the population-based prevalence of various psychiatric conditions associated with epilepsy using a large Canadian national population health survey. Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 1.2) was used to explore numerous aspects of mental health in persons with epilepsy in the community compared with those without epilepsy. The CCHS includes administration of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview to a sample of 36,984 subjects. Age-specific prevalence of mental health conditions in epilepsy was assessed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of epilepsy was 0.6%. Individuals with epilepsy were more likely than individuals without epilepsy to report lifetime anxiety disorders or suicidal thoughts with odds ratio of 2.4 (95% CI = 1.5,3.8) and 2.2 (1.4,3.3), respectively. In the crude analysis, the odds of lifetime major depression or panic disorder/agoraphobia were not greater in those with epilepsy than those without epilepsy, but the association with lifetime major depression became significant after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions: In the community, epilepsy is associated with an increased prevalence of mental health disorders compared with the general population. Epilepsy is also associated with a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation. Understanding the psychiatric correlates of epilepsy is important to adequately manage this patient population. [source] Recognising our role: improved confidence of general nurses providing care to young people with a mental illness in a rural paediatric unitJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 9-10 2010Lorna Moxham Objective., To implement and evaluate strategies suggested by general nurses to improve management of children and adolescents with mental health problems admitted to a paediatric unit of a general hospital. Background., The first phase of a study using a Participatory Action Research approach identified several concerns associated with general nurses providing care to young people with mental disorders in paediatric units of general hospitals, together with suggestions for strategies to address these issues. This paper describes the second and third phase of the Participatory Action Research study, involving the implementation and evaluation of these strategies. Design., Participatory Action Research. Methods., Actions that occurred during phase two of the Participatory Action Research study included revision and introduction of policies and procedures for mental health care in the unit, education and training sessions for paediatric nursing staff and opportunities to strengthen communication between existing mental health services. In phase three, two focus groups were conducted to explore current perceptions of mental health care delivery in the unit and evaluate change, following phase two. Results., Changes in clinical practice for paediatric mental health care were acknowledged by participants. Reflection has assisted nurses to better understand their strengths and weaknesses and to acknowledge and challenge the assumptions on which their ideas, feelings and actions about patients with mental health issues are based. Participants also recognised the existing skills and expertise they possess that are relevant to the management of young people with a mental health problem, although they continue to seek ongoing education and support in this field. Conclusions., This study demonstrates that through Participatory Action Research it is possible to enhance mental health nursing care in a rural paediatric unit. Relevance to clinical practice., Such changes have the potential to improve the experience of young people and their families whilst receiving treatment for mental health conditions in a general paediatric unit. [source] The impact of reported direct and indirect killing on mental health symptoms in Iraq war veterans,JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 1 2010Shira Maguen This study examined the mental health impact of reported direct and indirect killing among 2,797 U.S. soldiers returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom. Data were collected as part of a postdeployment screening program at a large Army medical facility. Overall, 40% of soldiers reported killing or being responsible for killing during their deployment. Even after controlling for combat exposure, killing was a significant predictor of posttraumatic disorder (PTSD) symptoms, alcohol abuse, anger, and relationship problems. Military personnel returning from modern deployments are at risk of adverse mental health conditions and related psychosocial functioning related to killing in war. Mental health assessment and treatment should address reactions to killing to optimize readjustment following deployment. [source] Polyunsaturated fatty acid status in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and Alzheimer's disease: towards an omega-3 index for mental health?NUTRITION REVIEWS, Issue 10 2009Catherine M Milte Interest in the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly long-chain (LC) omega-3 (n -3) PUFAs, in mental health is increasing. This review investigates whether n -3 PUFA levels are abnormal in people with three prevalent mental health problems , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and dementia. Data sources included PubMed, Web of Science, and bibliographies of papers published in English that describe PUFA levels in the circulation of individuals who have these mental health conditions. Although abnormal blood PUFA levels were reported in a number of studies, weighted comparisons of PUFA status showed no significant differences overall between people with mental health problems and controls. Whether those with low n -3 PUFA status are likely to be more responsive to n -3 PUFA supplementation is not yet resolved. Further studies assessing PUFA levels and mental status with greater uniformity are required in order to clarify the relationship between LC n -3 PUFA status and mental health. [source] Childhood conditions and education as determinants of adult height and obesity among Greenland InuitAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010P. Bjerregaard Height and obesity are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and other physical and mental health conditions. Their association with childhood socioeconomic position has been demonstrated in studies among European and a few third world populations. In a random sample of adult Greenland Inuit (N = 2302) we studied the association between childhood socioeconomic conditions and height as well as prevalence of obesity (BMI , 30) in a cross sectional design. In block recursive graphical independence models, height was associated with mother's place of birth, birth cohort, childhood residence, alcohol problems in childhood home, and education among both men and women. Obesity was associated with mother's place of birth (for men) and with alcohol problems (for women). In General Linear Models, men with an all rural background and no education beyond primary school measured on average 165.1 cm compared with 172.1 cm for men with an all urban background (P < 0.001); women measured 153.9 and 161.1 cm (P < 0.001). Rural-urban differences in prevalence of obesity were not statistically significant. The height differences were considerably larger than between educational groups in European countries and of the same order of magnitude as those reported between men from the 17th century and men from 400 BC in the European and Mediterranean region. The rural-urban gradient in height follows the socioeconomic gradient and may negatively affect cardiovascular risk among the rural Greenlanders, while their physically active lifestyle and high consumption of n-3 fatty acids may counteract this. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Self-esteem and mental health characteristics especially among lean students surveyed by University Personality InventoryPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 2 2002Miwako Kajita RN Abstract In recent years, various investigators have indicated an increase in the number of eating disorders. A similar tendency has been observed among university students. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the self-esteem and mental health characteristics of the lean students who suffer from latent eating disorders. We examined 2132 responses to the University Personality Inventory obtained from students who entered Nagoya University in 1995. We analyzed the mental health conditions of the lean students after categorizing the subjects into lean, normal and obese group by body mass index. As a result, the following results were obtained. Lean male students presented with more subjective symptoms than normal and obese students, and extremely lean male students had more subjective symptoms. Lean female students had fewer subjective symptoms than lean male students and no particular differences from normal female students. It is suggested that male and female students had different criteria for self-esteem with regard to body shape. The lean female students were medically ill and formed a latent or borderline latent group with anorexia nervosa. However, they had a similar degree of health awareness as normal students. [source] The impact of childhood conditions and concurrent morbidities on child health and well-beingCHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 4 2008E. Waters Abstract Background Understanding the impact of illnesses and morbidities experienced by children and adolescents is essential to clinical and population health programme decision making and intervention research. This study sought to: (1) examine the population prevalence of physical and mental health conditions for children and quantify their impact on multiple dimensions of children's health and well-being; and (2) examine the cumulative effect of concurrent conditions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional school-based epidemiological study of 5414 children and adolescents aged 5,18 years, and examined parental reports of child health and well-being using the parent-report Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) PF50 13 scales are scored on a 0,100 pt scale with clinically meaningful differences of five points and the presence of childhood conditions (illnesses and health problems). Results Asthma, dental, vision and allergies are the most commonly identified health problems for children and adolescents, followed by attention- and behaviour-related problems (asthma 17.9,23.2%, dental 11.9,22.7%, vision 7.2,14.7%, chronic allergies 8.8,13.9%, attention problems 5.1,13.8% and behaviour problems 5.7,12.0%). As the number of concurrent health problems increase, overall health and well-being decreases substantively with mean differences in CHQ scale scores of 14 points (,7.69 to ,21.51) for physical health conditions, and 28 points (,5.15 to ,33.81) for mental health conditions. Conclusions Children's health and well-being decreases linearly with increasing presence and frequency of health problems. Having three or more conditions concurrently significantly burdens children's health and well-being, particularly for family-related CHQ domains, with a greater burden experienced for mental health conditions than physical health conditions. [source] | ||||||||||