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Mediational Role (mediational + role)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Psychology	70%

Selected Abstracts

Mediational role of values in linking personality traits to political orientation

ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Gianvittorio Caprara
Two studies use the Five Factor Model of traits and Schwartz's (1992) theory of basic personal values to assess the mediational role of values in linking traits to voting choice and left-right ideology. Both left- and right-wing voters showed distinctive traits and values that were congruent with their ideologies. Structural equation modelling supported a hypothesized full mediation model. Individuals' traits of openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness explained significant variance in the politically relevant values of security and universalism, and these self-reported values, in turn, explained the voters' political orientations. These findings held across age (adolescents and adults) and were corroborated using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. [source]

Perspective taking and prejudice reduction: the mediational role of empathy arousal and situational attributions

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2003
Theresa K. Vescio
This research was designed to examine whether perspective taking promotes improved intergroup attitudes regardless of the extent that stereotypic perceptions of outgroups are endorsed, as well as examining the mechanisms (attributional or empathy related) by which perspective taking motivates improved intergroup attitudes. Participants were presented with an interview segment where an African American interviewee discussed the difficulties experienced as a result of his membership in a negatively stereotyped group. Materials were presented in a 2 (perspective taking: other focused or objective focused),×,2 (target stereotypicality: confirming or disconfirming) between participants design. Findings revealed that the manipulation of target stereotypicality influenced subsequent stereotype endorsement; those exposed to a stereotype confirming target later endorsed more stereotypic perceptions of African Americans than did those exposed to a stereotype disconfirming target. However, perspective taking promoted improved intergroup attitudes irrespective of stereotypicality; those encouraged to adopt the perspective of the target later reported more favourable intergroup attitudes than did those who remained detached and objective listeners. Whereas empathy partially mediated the relation between perspective taking and intergroup attitudes, situational attributions were a stronger and more reliable mediator. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

The Effect of Victims' Social Support on Attributions of Blame in Female and Male Rape

JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 7 2005
Irina Anderson
The effects of perceived social support of the victim, victim gender, and participant gender on attributions of blame in rape were examined. The impact of attitudes toward gender roles was also investigated for their mediational role between participant gender and blame. Participants (N= 121) read a report of an incident of rape and evaluated the victim and the perpetrator. Two ANOVAs showed that social support and participant gender influenced blame attributed to the victim, while victim gender influenced blame attributed to the perpetrator. Socially supported victims were blamed less than were unsupported victims. Men were more blaming of rape victims than were women, but further analyses showed this was mediated by attitudes toward gender roles. Men held significantly more traditional attitudes toward gender roles than did women, and this accounted for the effect of participant gender on victim perceptions. The perpetrator of male rape was blamed less than the perpetrator of female rape. Findings are discussed in terms of the differential attributional mechanisms that may underpin men's and women's reasoning about different types of rape. [source]

Predicting Depression From Temperament, Personality, and Patterns of Social Relations

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 1 2001
John F. Finch
The present study used a levels-of-analysis perspective (McAdams, 1995) to link temperament to depression. We hypothesized a mediational role for three personality variables (Agreeableness, Extraversion Neuroticism) and two interpersonal variables (social support and negative social exchange) in channeling the effects of temperament. A structural equation modeling approach supported the hypothesis that these three personality variables were mediators of the link between temperament and depression. The patterns of mediation differed for Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Neuroticism. In addition to the three personality variables, social support and negative social exchange were also found to mediate the effects of temperament. There was no evidence that patterns of relations among the variables differed between males and females. Results are discussed in terms of a levels-of-analysis approach to the examination of the effects of temperament and personality on adaptation outcomes. [source]

Self-attributions of blame in sexually abused adolescents: A mediational model,

JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 1 2006
Isabelle Daigneault
This study evaluates the mediational role of general attributions in explaining the impact of specific attributions regarding sexual abuse (SA) on six posttraumatic symptoms. One hundred three SA female adolescents (13,17 years old) completed the Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children (TSCC; Briere, 1989), the blame/guilt subscale of the Children's Impact of Traumatic Events Scale (CITES-R; Wolfe, Gentile, Michienzi, Sas, & Wolfe, 1991), and the Personal Attributions for Negative Events subscale of the Children's Attributions and Perceptions Scale (CAPS; Mannarino, Cohen, & Berman, 1994). Results indicate that general attributions act as a mediator between specific attributions and six posttraumatic symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression, sexual concerns, posttraumatic stress, dissociation, and anger). [source]

Testing the implied mediational role of cognitive age

PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 10 2001
Kevin P. Gwinner
Although the concept of cognitive age has been positioned in the psychology, marketing, and gerontology literatures as an important variable that mediates the relationship between specific antecedents and consequences, a test of its implied mediational role has not been done. As such, researchers and marketing managers lack a clear understanding of cognitive age's usefulness among a variety of important segmentation variables. This study employs mediated regression analysis to formally explore this implied mediational role with the use of five antecedent variables and three consumer-behavior outcomes. Results indicate that cognitive age either fully or partially mediates the relationship between antecedents and consequences, but not for all possible relationships. A structural-equation model is then developed to further explore the substantive relationships between the variables. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source]

Mediational role of values in linking personality traits to political orientation

Young Peoples' Representations of ,Atypical' Work in English Society

CHILDREN & SOCIETY, Issue 3 2009
Sarah Crafter
In this paper, we explore young peoples' normative representations of work. In particular, we are interested in the ways young people view work roles which could be considered ,atypical' such as young caring or language brokering. Interviewed were 46 young people (15,18 years) some who did, and some who did not engage in the ,atypical' work roles of language brokering or young caring. Findings indicated that young people have a strong representation of what a ,normal' childhood comprises and that friends, teachers and parents play a mediational role in cementing this contextually. However, respondents presented two alternative representations around engagement in ,atypical' roles, with some individuals holding both views at the same time. On the one hand, they felt that engagement in ,atypical' activities would be experienced as a loss of ,normal' childhood. On the other hand, a more positive representation of ,atypical' childhoods was also drawn on, in which engagement in ,atypical' activities was seen as a source of pride and a contributor of additional skills to a child's development. This opinion was evidenced by both those who had, and those who had not engaged in ,atypical' work. [source]

A preliminary examination of emotional and cognitive mediators in the relations between violence exposure and violent behaviors in youth

JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 8 2008
Maureen A. Allwood
This study examined the possible mediational roles of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and acceptance of violence cognitions in the association between violence exposure and youth violent behaviors. This study also examined whether the strength of the relations between exposure and behavior varied across context of exposure and across sex. Participants were 123 early adolescents from the Midwest. Findings indicate a strong positive association between violence exposure at home and in the community. Regardless of context, violence exposure was significantly related to PTSD symptoms, acceptance of violence cognitions, and violent behaviors in youth. PTSD symptoms and acceptance of violence cognitions were both significant mediators in the exposure,behavior relationship but the associations differed for girls and boys and varied across context of exposure. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]