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Mean Follow-up Time (mean + follow-up_time)
Selected AbstractsOccurrence and prognosis of hand eczema in the car industry: results from the PACO follow-up study (PACO II)CONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 6 2008Christian J. Apfelbacher Background:, Only a few epidemiological studies on hand eczema (HE) in the metalworking industry have been conducted, and no study has attempted a long-term follow-up. Objectives:, In the Prospective Audi Cohort (PACO) II follow-up study, we aimed to estimate burden and prognosis of HE in a car industry setting (follow-up > 10 years). Patients/Methods:, Eligible participants were individuals who had been examined in the original PACO study (1990,1998) and had been followed through until the end of their apprenticeship (n = 1909). Participants were interviewed and underwent dermatological examination. An exposure assessment was carried out according to a pre-defined algorithm. Results:, The follow-up rate was 78.3% (1494/1909). Mean follow-up time was 13.3 [standard deviation 1.3] years. The period prevalence of HE in the follow-up period was 21.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.0,23.1%], yielding a cumulative incidence of 29.3% (95% CI 26.9,31.6%) in the entire study period. HE persisted after the end of apprenticeship in 40.0% (95% CI 33.3,46.7%) of subjects who had had HE during apprenticeship (n = 205). 18.0% (95% CI 15.9,20.1%) developed HE in the follow-up period (n = 1289). Conclusions:, Around 30% of subjects were affected by HE at least once during the study period. HE persisted in 40% of the participants affected during apprenticeship. [source] Long-term results of Burch colposuspensionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 4 2000Haluk Akpinar Abstract Background: We aimed to determine the long-term results of Burch colposuspension. Methods: Patients who had undergone Burch colposuspension due to stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in our department between 1991 and 1995 were asked to participate in the study by telephone or mail. Fifty of 78 patients (64%) responded and these formed the study group. Patients were evaluated by a detailed questionnaire, pelvic examination, uroflowmetry and postvoid residual urine determination. Provocative stress test and urodynamic evaluations were performed in those who claimed leakage. Additionally, follow-up charts were retrospectively reviewed from the patients' files. Results: Mean follow-up time was 50.6 months. The subjective cure rate was 52% and the surgical success rate was 84%. The patient satisfaction rate in terms of incontinence was 86%. No correlation was found between pre-operative patient characteristics (i.e. age, number of vaginal deliveries and pregnancies, menopause, previous anti-incontinence surgery and presence of detrusor instability) and outcome of surgery. Although no patient was performing clean intermittent catheterization in the long term, two patients had significant residual urine and obstructive flows. Three patients had severe pelvic prolapse that required surgical correction. Conclusions: Our results indicate that Burch colposuspension operation is an effective and durable choice of treatment with low complication rates for the treatment of SUI. [source] Childhood Fractures Do Not Predict Future Fractures: Results From the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study,,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 7 2009Stephen R Pye Abstract Childhood fractures are common. Their clinical relevance to osteoporosis and fractures in later life is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive risk of childhood fracture on the risk of fracture in later life. Men and women ,50 yr of age were recruited from population registers for participation in the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS). Subjects completed an interviewer administered questionnaire that included questions about previous fractures and the age at which the first of these fractures occurred. Lateral spine radiographs were performed to ascertain prevalent vertebral deformities. Subjects were followed prospectively by postal questionnaire to determine the occurrence of clinical fractures. A subsample of subjects had BMD measurements performed. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the predictive risk of childhood fracture between the ages of 8 and 18 yr on the risk of future limb fracture and logistic regression was used to determine the association between reported childhood fractures and prevalent vertebral deformity. A total of 6451 men (mean age, 63.8 yr) and 6936 women (mean age, 63.1 yr) were included in the analysis. Mean follow-up time was 3 yr. Of these, 574 (8.9%) men and 313 (4.5%) women reported a first fracture (any site) between the ages of 8 and 18 yr. A recalled history of any childhood fracture or forearm fracture was not associated with an increased risk of future limb fracture or prevalent vertebral deformity in either men or women. Among the 4807 subjects who had DXA measurements, there was no difference in bone mass among those subjects who had reported a childhood fracture and those who did not. Our data suggest that self-reported previous childhood fracture is not associated with an increased risk of future fracture in men or women. [source] Natural history and outcome of optic pathway gliomas in children,PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 7 2009Gary Nicolin MD Abstract Background The optimal management of optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) is complicated by their variable natural history, the association with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and difficulties in defining progression and response to treatment. Methods This study is a retrospective review of all children presenting to a single institution with an OPG between 1990 and 2004. Results Of the 133 children included, 78 (59%) had NF1; 87 (71 NF1) were observed initially, of whom 23 (11 NF1) subsequently required treatment. Forty-six patients received immediate treatment. Initial treatment, without or with an observation period, comprised chemotherapy alone (32, 11 NF1); debulking,+,chemotherapy (15, 4 NF1); gross total resection (6); radiotherapy (2); debulking,+,radiotherapy (3); and debulking only (12, 3 NF1). Overall, 16 patients were irradiated during the study period. Four children died (overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 97.6% and 94.6% for those who required treatment). Progression-free survival (PFS) for the 69 patients who needed treatment was 48%. There was no difference in PFS between chemotherapy versus chemotherapy,+,debulking or debulking alone. PFS for the NF1 patients who required treatment was similar to that of non-NF1 patients. Mean follow-up time was 9.0 (range 0.6,18.0, median 8.6) years. Conclusions The study confirms the complexity of OPGs and that NF1 is a major determinant of the resultant behavior of the tumor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1231,1237. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cartilage grafts in dorsal nasal augmentation of traumatic saddle nose deformity: A long-term follow-up,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 11 2009Johnny Mao MD Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis: To document the long-term advantages and disadvantages of cartilage grafts used to correct traumatic saddle nose deformity. Additionally, to demonstrate functional improvement and cosmetic satisfaction with the use of this graft. Study Design: Retrospective chart review and prospective follow-up telephone survey of 20 patients after dorsal augmentation of saddle nose deformity secondary to trauma. Methods: This is a single-surgeon, single-institution investigation within an academic tertiary care medical center. All patients presented for correction of saddle nose deformity after trauma, and cartilage grafts were used for augmentation of the dorsum. Minimum postoperative follow-up period of 1 year was required. A modified and expanded Nasal Obstructive Symptoms Evaluation survey, which included questions pertaining to the appearance of their nose, was used to assess both functional and cosmetic changes after surgery. Results: Only 1 of the 20 patients was dissatisfied with the overall outcome. Three (15%) were extremely satisfied, 12 (60%) were very satisfied, three (15%) were somewhat satisfied, and one (5%) was indifferent. In terms of function, four (20%) experienced excellent relief in nasal obstruction, five (25%) moderate relief, four (20%) mild relief, and seven (35%) noted no difference. Regarding cosmesis, two (10%) noted excellent improvement, three (15%) moderate improvement, nine (45%) mild improvement, and five (25%) noted no significant change. One (5%) patient reported worsening due to tip edema. Mean follow-up time was 6.8 years. Conclusions: Autogenous cartilage grafts are useful in the correction of mild to moderate traumatic saddle nose deformity. The graft is readily available, preserves long-term structural stability, and achieves functional and cosmetic satisfaction in most patients. Laryngoscope, 2009 [source] Concomitant Surgery With Laparoscopic Live Donor NephrectomyAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 2 2003Ernesto P. Molmenti Routine live donor evaluations reveal unexpected silent pathologies. Herein, we describe our experience treating such pathologies at the time of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. We have not encountered any previous reports of such an approach. We prospectively collected data on 321 donors. Concomitant surgeries at the time of procurement included two laparoscopic adrenalectomies, one colposuspension, one laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and one liver biopsy. Mean operative time was 321 min (range 230,380), with a mean blood loss of 280 mL (range 150,500). No blood transfusions were required. The left kidney was procured in four cases. The right kidney was obtained on one occasion. Mean hospital stay was 3 days (median 3, range 2,4). No short- or long-term complications have been identified. Mean follow-up time was 2.63 years (median 2.76, range 2.23,2.99). Four of the five kidney recipients were first-time transplants who had not yet started dialysis. Simultaneous surgical interventions at the time of laparoscopic live kidney donation are safe and can be undertaken in selected cases. This practice is beneficial to both the donor and the recipient, and is likely to become more commonplace with changing practice patterns involving donor evaluation and management. [source] IS THERE STILL A ROLE FOR THE CLASSICAL COX-MAZE III?ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 5 2006Cheng-Hon Yap Background: The incidence of surgery for atrial fibrillation (AF) is rising, paralleled by an increase in the types of lesion sets and energy sources used. These alternate energy sources have simplified the surgery at the expense of increased cost of consumables. The classical Cox-Maze III is the gold standard therapy with a proven efficacy in curing AF. Our complete experience with this procedure is presented. Methods: All 28 patients undergoing the classical Cox-Maze III procedure at our institution underwent preoperative assessment and were followed prospectively. Results: Twenty-eight patients underwent the Cox-Maze III procedure between January 2001 and May 2003. Their mean age was 65 years (range, 44,80 years). Twenty-five patients had concomitant cardiac procedures. Mean duration of AF was 8.3 years. Permanent AF was present in 82%. Mean follow-up time was 15 ± 8 months (range, 4,30 months). There were no perioperative or late deaths, or thromboembolic events. Sixty-one per cent had early (<3 months) atrial arrhythmia. Freedom from AF at most recent clinical follow up was 93%. Freedom from late atrial arrhythmia was 82%. Freedom from late AF or atrial flutter by pacemaker interrogation or Holter assessment was 77%. Anti-arrhythmic medication use was reduced. New York Heart Association class improved from an average of 2.8 preoperatively to 1.3 postoperatively. Conclusion: The result of the present study shows the safety and efficacy of the classical Cox-Maze III procedure. With the advantage of proven long-term efficacy, demonstrable safety and avoidance of costly technology, the Cox-Maze III should not be discounted as a treatment option in patients because of its perceived complexity. [source] Prophylactic laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy: a prospective, randomized Nordic studyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 7 2009Christina I. Frennesson Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to investigate whether mild laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy might reduce the incidence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and/or significantly reduce loss of visual acuity compared with outcomes in a control group. Methods:, A total of 135 patients (mean age 70.4 years) were randomized into a treatment group of 67 subjects and a control group of 68 subjects. The treatment group was subdivided into a group of 54 subjects with bilateral soft drusen and a group of 13 subjects with unilateral soft drusen in the study eye and advanced AMD in the fellow eye. The control group was subdivided into a bilateral group of 54 subjects and a unilateral group of 14 subjects. Sub-threshold or barely visible laser spots were scattered on and between drusen in the posterior pole. Inclusion of patients was stopped prematurely as other studies did not show any benefit from the treatment. Mean follow-up time was 3.7 years. Results:, More CNVs developed in the treated group (4/54 eyes in the bilateral group, 3/13 eyes in the unilateral group; 7/67 eyes in total) than in the control group (3/54 eyes in the bilateral group, 2/14 eyes in the unilateral group; 5/68 eyes in total) but these differences were not statistically significant for either the bilateral or unilateral groups (p = 0.20,0.32). No CNV developed in the bilateral treated group before 4 years of follow-up. Visual acuity was significantly reduced from baseline to the last follow-up in all groups (p < 0.0001,0.02) except the unilateral control group (p = 0.08), but there were no significant differences between the treated and control groups for either the bilateral or unilateral groups (p = 0.17,0.97). Conclusions:, Mild prophylactic laser treatment of soft drusen maculopathy was neither beneficial nor harmful and cannot be recommended. [source] Simultaneous bilateral external dacryocystorhinostomyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 6 2007Bulent Yazici Abstract. Purpose:, To assess the outcome and complications of simultaneous bilateral external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery. Methods:, The records of all patients who underwent bilateral external DCR in a single session between November 1999 and October 2005 were reviewed. Results:, The study cohort comprised 59 patients (50 females, nine males; age range: 6,72 years; mean age: 49 years). Nasolacrimal duct obstruction was acquired primarily in 54 patients, congenitally in three and secondary to sinonasal surgery in two. Thirteen eyes of eight patients had a history of unsuccessful lacrimal surgery. The operation was performed under local anaesthesia plus sedation in 54 patients (92%). Total intraoperative haemorrhage varied from 3 mL to 200 mL (median: 17 mL; mean: 37 mL). Excessive intraoperative haemorrhage (= 100 mL) occurred in five patients (9%). Total duration of surgery varied between 70 and 140 min, with an average of 89 min. Postoperatively, early bleeding requiring intranasal tamponade developed in one patient (2%) and bilateral wound infection in one patient (2%). Surgical success rate was 95%. Mean follow-up time was 8.8 months (range: 3,38 months). Conclusion:, This study supports that the simultaneous bilateral external DCR surgery may not adversely affect surgical success and complication rates. [source] 33 cases of airsoft gun pellet ocular injuries in Copenhagen, Denmark, 1998,2002ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 6 2006Jon Peiter Saunte Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the incidence and ocular effects of blunt trauma due to injury from airsoft gun pellets. Methods:, We conducted a non-comparative case series based on the files of 33 patients who suffered ocular injury from airsoft guns and were admitted to one university emergency eye clinic in Copenhagen during a 5-year period. Results:, A total of 33 eyes in 33 patients were examined. Thirty male and three female patients were affected. Mean age was 13 years (range 3,49 years). Mean follow-up time was 6.5 days (range 1,540 days). On initial examination, we found: hyphaema (n = 28), corneal abrasion (n = 22), retinal oedema (n = 11), subconjunctival haemorrhage (n = 10), palpebral haemorrhage and/or oedema (n = 9), iris dialysis (n = 7), intraocular pressure (IOP) >,31 mmHg (n = 4), IOP <,9 mmHg (n = 4), vitreous haemorrhage (n = 2) and cataract (n = 1). One patient had brown corneal discoloration due to severe chronic hyphaema that required surgery. The final visual acuity was 1.0 in 20 patients and ,,0.7 in five patients. Conclusion:, The airsoft gun trauma resulted in anterior and posterior segment ocular injuries that required acute medical intervention and for which some patients were hospitalized. Trauma mainly occurred in children and youths. A longterm risk of glaucoma is expected. Eye care professionals and parents as well as manufacturers of airsoft guns should advise participants to wear adequate protection when involved in this activity. [source] Mohs Micrographic Surgery in the Treatment of Rare Aggressive Cutaneous Tumors: The Geisinger ExperienceDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 3 2007CHADWICK JOHN THOMAS MD BACKGROUND Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) offers high cure rates and maximum tissue preservation in the treatment of more common cutaneous malignancies, but its effectiveness in rare aggressive tumors is poorly defined. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effectiveness of MMS in the treatment of six rare aggressive cutaneous malignancies as seen by Mohs surgeons working at a referral center. METHODS Retrospective chart review of 26,000 cases treated with MMS at the Geisinger Medical Center Department of Dermatology during a 16-year period with the following diagnoses: poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC), extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and sebaceous carcinoma (SEB CA). Patient demographic data, tumor measurements, treatment characteristics, and marginal recurrence rates were compiled and evaluated. RESULTS The mean numbers of cases identified per year for each tumor type were as follows: PDSCC, 6.19; DFSP, 2.44; MAC, 1.63; and EMPD, 0.63. For PDSCC, 85 cases were available for follow-up with a local recurrence rate of 6% at a mean follow-up time of 45 months. For DFSP, there were 35 cases with no local recurrence at a mean follow-up of 39 months. For MAC, there were 25 cases with a local recurrence rate of 12% at a mean follow-up of 39 months. For EMPD, there were 10 cases with no local recurrences at a mean follow-up of 34 months. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data on PDSCC, DFSP, MAC, and EMPD, combined with other studies in the literature, show that MMS is the most effective therapy for these rare aggressive cutaneous malignancies. [source] Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Maligna Melanoma using Mel-5 Immunostaining: University of Minnesota ExperienceDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2006SACHIN S. BHARDWAJ MD BACKGROUND Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) continues to become a more common and accepted treatment for lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM). The primary difficulty encountered lies in the accurate identification of atypical single melanocytes to determine tumor-free margins. Numerous methods have been used to better visualize single melanocytes, with varying results. We present our experience using Mel-5 immunostaining in MMS of LM and LMM. METHODS Two hundred patients with primary or recurrent LM or LMM were treated using MMS from 1999 to 2003 at the University of Minnesota. The initial clinical margins were determined by Wood's light examination, and an initial debulk specimen was taken and sent for formalin fixation and later reviewed by a dermatopathologist. The first Mohs layer was then taken, and staining with hemotoxylin and eosin as well as Mel-5 immunostaining was performed. All patients were followed up to evaluate for recurrence, with a mean follow-up time of 38.4 months. RESULTS Of the 200 patients treated, only one recurrence was noted. This patient had been treated with excision followed by radiation before MMS. Use of Mel-5 immunostaining added approximately 40 minutes to each stage. Use of the Autostainer Immunostaining System (DAKO, Carpenterina, CA, USA) shortened the added time to 20 minutes. CONCLUSIONS MMS with Mel-5 immunostaining yielded excellent results in the treatment of LM and LMM, with only one recurrence noted in 200 patients. When an automated immunostainer was used, minimal time was added to each Mohs stage. [source] Residual risk for acute stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in primary care: Skaraborg Hypertension and Diabetes ProjectDIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 5 2006K. Junga Aim:, The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of acute stroke in subgroups of patients treated for hypertension and type 2 diabetes in primary care. Methods:, Patients with hypertension only (n = 695), type 2 diabetes only (n = 181) or both (n = 240), who consecutively attended an annual control in primary care in Skara, Sweden during 1992,1993, were evaluated for cardiovascular disease risk factors and enrolled in this study. Subjects with neither hypertension nor type 2 diabetes (n = 824) who participated in a population survey in the same community served as controls. Possible events of acute stroke through 2002 were validated using hospital records and death certificates. Results:, During a mean follow-up time of 8.4 years, 190 first events of acute stroke, fatal or non-fatal, were ascertained. Risk factor levels were generally higher in all patient categories than in controls. Stroke risk was significantly increased in all male patients: hazard ratio 4.2 (95% CI 2.1,8.4) in patients with both conditions, 3.3 (1.5,7.0) in those with type 2 diabetes alone and 2.8 (1.5,5.3) in those with hypertension alone (adjusted for age, total cholesterol, current smoking, BMI and physical activity). Corresponding findings in women were 2.9 (1.5,5.8) in patients with type 2 diabetes only and 2.4 (1.2,4.7) in those with both conditions. However, in women with hypertension only, a significant risk was seen first when subjects were truncated at 85 years of age. There were too few fatal stroke events for conclusive results on stroke mortality. Conclusions:, A considerable risk of acute stroke remains in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Strategies for stricter multiple risk factor interventions should be implemented in primary care. [source] Circulating enterolactone and prostate cancer risk: A Nordic nested case-control studyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 1 2002Pär Stattin Abstract Enterolactone, a phytoestrogen belonging to the class of lignans, is produced by the intestinal microflora from precursors in plant foods and has been implicated in protection against cancer. We study the effect of enterolactone on the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of prostate cancer. We conducted a longitudinal, nested case-control study by linkage of 3 biobanks to the cancer registries in Finland, Norway and Sweden, respectively. Enterolactone concentrations were measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in serum from 794 men who had a diagnosis of prostate cancer at a mean follow-up time of 14.2 years after blood collection and among 2,550 control men matched within each cohort for age (±2 years), date of blood collection (±2 months) and county. The median enterolactone concentrations did not differ between case and control subjects in the full study group (8.4 nmol/L [25th,75th percentile = 4.5,15.0] vs. 8.5 nmol/L [25th,75th percentile = 4.3,15.9]), nor in the national groups. Odds ratios of prostate cancer risk estimated by conditional logistic regression for increasing concentrations of enterolactone in quartiles in the full study group were 1.00 (referent), 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96,1.52), 1.16 (95% CI = 0.91,1.47) and 1.08 (95% CI = 0.83,1.39). The OR estimate for the highest vs. the lowest quartile of enterolactone in separate analyses of the Norwegian, Finnish and Swedish cohort was 1.21 (95% CI = 0.91,1.60), 1.02 (95% CI = 0.59,1.76) and 0.87 (95% CI = 0.45,1.67), respectively. No support for the hypothesis that high circulating enterolactone is protective against prostate cancer was found. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation Post-Cavotricuspid Isthmus Ablation in Patients with Typical Atrial Flutter: Left-Atrial Size as an Independent Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation RecurrenceJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 8 2007KEITH ELLIS M.D. Introduction: Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter often coexist. The long-term occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients presenting with atrial flutter alone is unknown. We report the long-term follow-up in patients who underwent cavotricuspid isthmus ablation for treatment of lone atrial flutter. Methods and Results: Between January 1997 and June 2002, 632 patients underwent cavotricuspid isthmus ablation for the treatment of typical atrial flutter at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Three hundred sixty-three patients were included in this study and followed for a mean duration of 39 ± 11 months. The mean duration of atrial flutter symptoms was 12 ± 5 months. Mean left-atrial size and left-ventricular ejection fraction were 4.2 ± 0.8 cm and 47 ± 13%, respectively. After a mean follow-up time of 39 ± 11 months, 13% (48 of 363) of the patients remained in sinus rhythm. Five percent (18 of 363) of patients experienced recurrence of atrial flutter only. Sixty-eight percent (246 of 363) experienced the onset of atrial fibrillation and 14% (51 of 363) experienced recurrence of atrial flutter and the new onset of atrial fibrillation. Overall, 82% (297 of 363) of the patients experienced new onset of drug refractory atrial fibrillation. Left-atrial size was a predictor of atrial fibrillation recurrence post-atrial flutter ablation. Conclusion: At long-term follow-up, approximately 82% of patients post-cavotricuspid isthmus ablation for atrial flutter developed drug refractory atrial fibrillation. This finding suggests that elimination of atrial flutter might delay, but does not prevent, atrial fibrillation. Evidence suggests both arrhythmias may share common triggers and such patients may derive a better long-term benefit from anatomical ablative treatment of atrial fibrillation as well. [source] A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevationJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2008Part I: Lateral approach Abstract Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the survival rate of grafts and implants placed with sinus floor elevation. Material and Methods: An electronic search was conducted to identify studies on sinus floor elevation, with a mean follow-up time of at least 1 year after functional loading. Results: The search provided 839 titles. Full-text analysis was performed for 175 articles resulting in 48 studies that met the inclusion criteria, reporting on 12,020 implants. Meta-analysis indicated an estimated annual failure rate of 3.48% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.48%,4.88%] translating into a 3-year implant survival of 90.1% (95% CI: 86.4%,92.8%). However, when failure rates was analyzed on the subject level, the estimated annual failure was 6.04% (95% CI: 3.87%,9.43%) translating into 16.6% (95% CI: 10.9%,24.6%) of the subjects experiencing implant loss over 3 years. Conclusion: The insertion of dental implants in combination with maxillary sinus floor elevation is a predictable treatment method showing high implant survival rates and low incidences of surgical complications. The best results (98.3% implant survival after 3 years) were obtained using rough surface implants with membrane coverage of the lateral window. [source] A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation Part II: Transalveolar techniqueJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2008Wah Ching Tan Abstract Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the survival rate of implants placed in sites with transalveolar sinus floor elevation. Material and Methods: An electronic search was conducted to identify prospective and retrospective cohort studies on transalveolar sinus floor elevation, with a mean follow-up time of at least 1 year after functional loading. Failure and complication rates were analyzed using random-effects Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimates/ year proportions. Results: The search provided 849 titles. Full-text analysis was performed for 176 articles, resulting in 19 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of these studies indicated an estimated annual failure rate of 2.48% (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.37,4.49%) translating to an estimated survival rate of 92.8% (95% CI): 87.4,96.0%) for implants placed in transalveolarly augmented sinuses, after 3 years in function. Furthermore, subject-based analysis revealed an estimated annual failure of 3.71% (95% CI: 1.21,11.38%), translating to 10.5% (95% CI: 3.6,28.9%) of the subjects experiencing implant loss over 3 years. Conclusion: Survival rates of implants placed in transalveolar sinus floor augmentation sites are comparable to those in non-augmented sites. This technique is predictable with a low incidence of complications during and post-operatively. [source] Thoracolumbar disc disease in 71 paraplegic dogs: influence of rate of onset and duration of clinical signs on treatment resultsJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2002A. J. A. Ferreira Seventy-one paraplegic dogs with confirmed intervertebral thoracolumbar disc disease and intact deep pain sensation were treated by hemilaminectomy and fenestration of at least two adjacent discs. The success rate of treatment in the overall population was 86 per cent (61/71 cases), with a mean length of time to regaining the ability to walk of 10·8 days and a mean follow-up time of 29 months. The rate of onset of clinical signs significantly influenced the clinical outcome (P=0·01) but not the length of recovery time (P=0·45). Conversely, the duration of clinical signs did not seem to significantly affect the outcome (P=0·27), but did affect the length of recovery time (P=0·001). Animals which had shown clinical signs for more than six days took significantly longer to regain the ability to walk (ie, an additional 6·9 days, P=0·04 and 4·5 days, P=0·01), when compared with those which had shown clinical signs for less than two days, or more than two but less than six days, respectively. [source] Primary sarcoma of the breastJOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 3 2004Manoj Pandey Abstract Background and Objectives Primary sarcoma occurring in breast is rare and comprises 0.5,1% of all breast neoplasm. Majority of the series include both stromal and cystosarcoma phyllodes, only a few hundred cases of sarcomas other then cystosarcoma are reported. Patients and Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis of 19 patients with primary sarcoma of the breast treated between 1982 and 2002. Results Mean age of the patients was 38.6 years (12,70 years). Gradually progressive swelling was the commonest presenting feature. There were eight cases of angiosarcoma, four cases of spindle cell sarcoma, two each of pleomorphic sarcoma and stromal sarcoma, and one each of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and sarcoma (NOS). Eight of these were high-grade (42%). Eight patients underwent either radical or modified mastectomy, three underwent wide excisions, and one underwent quadrantectomy. Ten (52.6%) patients received postoperative adjuvant radiation. Two patients received chemotherapy. After a mean follow-up time of 34.5 months (median 25 months), eight patients failed. Failure was local in five, opposite breast in one, and both local and distant in two. The disease free survival at 3-year was 39%. In univariate analysis only the margin of first surgery was found to be a significant predictor of survival (P,=,0.05). Conclusions Primary sarcomas of the breast are aggressive tumors. Surgical treatment should consist of at least simple mastectomy. All attempts should be made to achieve a negative margin as this appears to be the only factor influencing survival in these patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2004;87:121,125. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Long-term results after reconstruction of full thickness scalp defects with a dermal regeneration templateJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 5 2010J Faulhaber Abstract Objective, Large scalp defects in which the pericranium has to be resected can be reliably reconstructed using Integra®. In the present study, we retrospectively analysed the long-term outcome of our patients. Methods, Nineteen patients were included who had received Integra® dermal regeneration template for treatment of full thickness scalp defects after resection of various malignant tumours. All patients were followed up with a mean follow-up time of 31 months (14,72). Results, All transplants were on almost equal levels with the surrounding skin. Cosmetic results were acceptable and scars were stable. Nodal ultrasound status was negative in all patients. During the follow-up period of up to 72 months, no local recurrences were observed. One patient with a leiomyosarcoma received radiotherapy after transplantation. In the irradiated area, multiple small regular-shaped round ulcerations and later on partial necrosis of the transplant occurred when the patient developed renal failure 29 months after the initial operation. Five patients died of disease not related to the primary skin tumour. All other patients are alive and free of disease without any complications. Conclusion, After reconstruction of full thickness scalp defects with Integra®, the cosmetic results are appealing and we observed no local recurrences during the follow-up period. [source] Analysis of outcomes of single polypropylene mesh in total pelvic floor reconstruction,NEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS, Issue 1 2007Kaytan V. Amrute Abstract Aims A 2.5-year outcome analysis was performed on patients who underwent transvaginal repair of total pelvic organ prolapse with single polypropylene mesh. A description of the repair technique using a tension-free 4-point fixation is also reviewed. Methods After proper vaginal dissection, a specially fashioned "H" shaped polypropylene mesh is positioned and fixed at 4-points. With a single piece of mesh, the anterior arms provide mid-urethral and bladder neck support, the mid-portion of the mesh corrects anterior compartment defects, and the posterior arms aid in vaginal vault suspension. Initially, bone anchors were utilized for anterior fixation, but currently a tension-free method is used. A retrospective analysis using chart review was performed on 96 patients who underwent this procedure from January 2000 to June 2005. Additional information was gathered by a telephone survey using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t -test, with Sigma Stat®. Results Seventy-six patients (79%) were available with a mean follow-up time of 30.7,±, 1.7 months and mean age of 69.3,±,11.3. Among those with follow-up, 36 patients (47.4%) underwent concurrent hysterectomies. Recurrence of prolapse was reported by four patients (5.2%). Sixty-eight patients (89%) were completely dry or almost dry, defined as an occasional leak. For those with preoperative incontinence (n,=,36), average pad use per day decreased significantly from 2.1,±,0.4 to 0.8,±,0.2 (P,<,0.005) postoperatively. Twelve patients (15.7%) reported of de novo urgency. Six patients required reoperation including excision of vaginal mesh erosion (2), uretholysis for obstruction (1), removal of palpable vaginal suture (1), and recurrent SUI (2). Among the 21 patients who are sexually active, 19 denied any dyspareunia (90.4%). Patient satisfaction was high, as the mean value was 7.9,±,0.3 on a scale of 1 (least satisfied) to 10 (most satisfied). Conclusions Transvaginal repair of complete pelvic prolapse using polypropylene mesh is a safe and efficacious option, with minimal recurrence of prolapse and SUI. While two patients had vaginal erosions, no urethral or bladder erosions occurred. Patient satisfaction was overall favorable. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Transcoronary Ablation of Septal Hypertrophy Does Not Alter ICD Intervention Rates in High Risk Patients with Hypertrophic Obstructive CardiomyopathyPACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 4 2005THORSTEN LAWRENZ Introduction: Transcoronary ablation of septal hypertrophy (TASH) is safe and effectively reduces the intraventricular gradient in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). To analyze the potential of anti- and proarrhythmic effects of TASH, we studied the discharge rates of implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) in patients with HOCM who are at a high risk for sudden cardiac death. Methods: ICD and TASH were performed in 15 patients. Indications for ICD-implantation were secondary prevention in nine patients after resuscitation from cardiac arrest with documented ventricular fibrillation (n = 7) or sustained ventricular tachycardia (n = 2) and primary prevention in 6 patients with a family history of sudden deaths, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and/or syncope. All the patients had severe symptoms due to HOCM (NYHA functional class = 2.9). Results: During a mean follow-up time of 41 ± 22.7 months following the TASH procedure, 4 patients had episodes of appropriate discharges (8% per year). The discharge rate in the secondary prevention group was 10% per year and 5% in the group with primary prophylactic implants. Three patients died during follow-up (one each of pulmonary embolism, stroke, and sudden death). Conclusion: In conclusion, on the basis of ICD-discharge rates in HOCM-patients at high risk for sudden death, there is no evidence for an unfavorable arrhythmogenic effect of TASH. The efficacy of ICD treatment for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in HOCM could be confirmed, however, mortality is high in this cohort of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. [source] Oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma with inverted nuclear pattern: Distinct subtype with an indolent clinical coursePATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2009Bong-Hee Park Reported herein are seven cases of a histologically distinct oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma (OPRCC) with an inverted nuclear pattern. To define its prognostic significance, the clinicopathological features of OPRCC were compared to those of types 1 and 2 PRCC. The median age of the seven patients was 67 years. Grossly, tumors were well-circumscribed and small (1.2 cm ± 0.4 cm). Microscopically, the OPRCC were composed of well-developed thin papillae, lined with a single layer of cuboidal-to-columnar oncocytic cells. The tumor cells had round-to-oval nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, which was strongly positive for anti-mitochondrial immunostaining. The nuclei were characteristically polarized toward the surface of the papillae and contained mostly small nucleoli. The tumors had high expression of ,-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase, CD15, CD117, cytokeratin (CK) 7, E-cadherin, epithelial membrane antigen, MOC 31, mucin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor and vimentin, low expression of CD10 and Ki-67, and no expression of CK20. Genetically, gain of chromosomes 3p, 11q, and 17q, and loss of chromosome 4q was observed. All seven patients were alive with no recurrence or metastasis at a mean follow-up time of 37.1 ± 23.7 months. In conclusion, OPRCC show unique pathological features with indolent clinical behavior and are more similar clinicopathologically to type 1 than to type 2 PRCC. [source] Adolescent endometriosis in the Waikato region of New Zealand , A comparative cohort study with a mean follow-up time of 2.6 yearsAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Jose D ROMAN Study objective:, To describe our experience with laparoscopic excision of endometriosis on an adolescent population and to compare it with a non-adolescent population treated during the same period. Design:, Comparative cohort study of patients with endometriosis treated consecutively between July 2003 and January 2009 with a follow-up between six months and six years. Setting:, Braemar Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand. Results:, We treated 20 adolescents. Ninety-five per cent (19/20) of adolescents were using pain relief other than Paracetamol, in contrast to only 59% (84/143) of non-adolescents. Thirty per cent (6/20) of adolescents had a first-degree relative with endometriosis, in contrast to 8% (11/143) of non-adolescents. Endometriosis was found to be stage I in 40% (8/20) of patients, stage II in 45% (9/20) of patients, stage III in 5% (1/20) of patients and stage IV in 10% (2/20) of patients. The main type of endometriotic lesion in the adolescent was an atypical red vascular lesion, which was present in 60% (12/20) of adolescents; but it was present in only 20% (29/143) of non-adolescents. There were no intra-operative complications. Minor postoperative complications included one case of urinary tract infection and one case of port infection. The operative complications that developed when treating the non-adolescent group are presented for comparison. Pain scores recorded at follow-up revealed a significant reduction in dysmenorrhoea and pelvic pain and there was a positive effect on the quality of life of adolescents as measured by the EQ-5D questionnaire tool. Conclusion:, Adolescents with endometriosis use significantly more pain relief than non-adolescents to control symptoms. They have a higher rate of a first degree relative with the disease and they present with more atypical endometriotic lesions when compared with an adult population with endometriosis. All the stages of disease are present in the adolescent, including stages III and IV. The laparoscopic excision of endometriosis has a positive effect on the relief of pain symptoms and on the improvement in quality of life in the adolescent. [source] Native chronic total occlusion recanalization after lower limb bypass graft occlusion: A series of nine cases,CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 2 2010FSCAI, Osami Kawarada MD Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to report the clinical utility of native chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalization as an endovascular strategy in lower limb bypass graft occlusion. Background: There is no consensus on the best approach for threatened limbs in patients with graft occlusion. Methods: The subjects were nine consecutive patients with limb-threatening ischemia after bypass graft occlusion. Native CTO recanalization was attempted endovascularly using conventional intraluminal and subintimal angioplasty techniques supported by stents. Results: The mean age of the bypass grafts was 6.7 ± 7.3 (range: 1,24) months and the mean number of previous lower limb bypass surgeries was 1.4 ± 0.5 (range: 1,2). Native CTO recanalization was performed in the iliofemoral (n = 2), iliac (n = 2), superficial femoral (n = 3), popliteal (n = 1), and popliteal-tibial (n = 1) arteries. Technical success was achieved in 89% (8/9) of cases without complications or major adverse cardiovascular events. The ankle-brachial index and skin perfusion pressure of the foot significantly increased after revascularization, with marked improvement of clinical symptoms (Rutherford class: 4.5 ± 1.1,0.9 ± 1.4, P < 0.001). Limb salvage was achieved in all successful recanalization cases during the mean follow-up time of 25 ± 20 months (range: 9,60). Conclusions: In this preliminary study, endovascular recanalization of native CTO showed satisfactory outcomes in patients with bypass graft occlusion. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Effect of 0.03% tacrolimus ointment on conjunctival cytology in patients with severe atopic blepharoconjunctivitis: a retrospective studyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2006Hannele M. Virtanen Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the efficacy and effect of tacrolimus ointment on conjunctival cytology in patients with atopic blepharoconjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis. Methods:, Ten patients with severe atopic blepharoconjunctivitis treated with 0.03% tacrolimus ointment once daily as an intermittent treatment were analysed retrospectively. The main outcome measures were clinical response to topical tacrolimus, adverse events and changes in the inflammatory cells obtained from conjunctival brush samples. Results:, Marked clinical responses in blepharitis and conjunctivitis symptoms were seen after a mean follow-up time of 6 weeks. Clinical scores decreased by 67% in blepharitis and 74% in conjunctivitis symptoms. No severe adverse events or signs of immunosuppression such as herpes simplex infections occurred. No significant changes occurred in visual acuity, refraction, anterior chamber, retina or intraocular pressure. Median decreases were 85% (p =0.01) in conjunctival eosinophils, 50% (p = 0.01) in neutrophils and 58% (p = 0.02) in lymphocytes. Conclusions:, Tacrolimus ointment is potentially a safe and effective treatment for atopic blepharoconjunctivitis. Regular treatment of the eyelids once daily may also lead to clinical and cytological improvement of the conjunctivitis. [source] Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) as a treatment of the neovascular complications of laser-induced chorioretinal anastomosis for nonischaemic central retinal vein occlusionCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 5 2009Kenneth C S Fong FRCOphth Abstract Purpose:, To describe the use of intravitreal bevacizumab followed by sectorial retinal photocoagulation to treat the neovascular complications of laser-induced chorioretinal anastomosis (L-CRA) for nonischaemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods:, Prospective interventional case series of three patients with nonischaemic CRVO who were treated with L-CRA. Patients were followed up every 2 weeks after the laser treatment. If neovascularization occurred at the site of the anastomosis, intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) was injected followed by laser photocoagulation to areas of retinal ischaemia and the area of retina anterior to the L-CRA 1 week later. Fluorescein angiography was performed to confirm the presence of neovascularization. Best-corrected visual acuity measurements were performed at every visit. Results:, Three patients (one woman, two men) with a mean age of 76.3 years developed neovascularization at the L-CRA site and underwent treatment as described with a mean follow-up time of 7 months. The neovascularization developed within 1 month after the laser anastomosis in all three cases. All patients only required one intravitreal bevacizumab injection to control the neovascularization. No complications of the intravitreal injections were noted. Conclusions:, Intravitreal bevacizumab appears to be an effective tool in the immediate control of neovascularization following L-CRA for nonischaemic CRVO. This appears to cause immediate regression of the neovascular frond and allows time for the laser, which is applied subsequently to have its effect. [source] Usefulness of Brain Natriuretic Peptide Level at Implant in Predicting Mortality in Patients with Advanced But Stable Heart Failure Receiving Cardiac Resynchronization TherapyCLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 11 2009Aiman El-Saed MD Abstract Background Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level has emerged as a predictor of death and hospital readmission in patients with heart failure (HF). The value of baseline BNP assessment in advanced HF patients receiving cardiac resynchronization defibrillator therapy (CRT-D) has not been firmly established. Hypothesis We hypothesized that a baseline BNP level would predict all cause mortality and HF hospitalization in HF patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy. Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients having BNP assessment prior to implantation of a CRT-D for standard indications during 2004 and 2005 was conducted at the Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was HF-related hospitalization. We used findings from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to define low (<492 pg/mL) and high (,492 pg/mL) BNP groups. Results Out of 173 CRT-D recipients, 115 patients (mean age 67.0 ± 10.7 years, New York Heart Association [NYHA] class 2.9 ± 0.3, left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 22.5% ± 9.6%, QRS 148.3 ± 30.4 ms) had preimplantation BNP measured (mean 559 ± 761 pg/mL and median 315 pg/mL). During a mean follow-up time of 17.5 ± 6.5 mo, 27 deaths (23.5%) and 31 HF hospitalizations (27.0%) were recorded. Compared to those with low BNP (n = 74), those of high BNP (n = 41) were older, had lower LVEF, higher creatinine levels, suffered more deaths, and HF hospitalizations. In multivariate regression models, higher BNP remained a significant predictor of both the primary endpoint (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06,7.88, p = 0.038) and secondary endpoint (HR: 4.23, 95% CI: 1.68,10.60, p = 0.002). Conclusions Baseline BNP independently predicted mortality and HF hospitalization in a predominantly older white male population of advanced HF patients receiving CRT-D. Elevated BNP levels may identify a vulnerable HF population with a particularly poor prognosis despite CRT-D. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Long-term remission rates after pituitary surgery for Cushing's disease: the need for long-term surveillanceCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 5 2005A. Brew Atkinson Summary Objective, There have been a few reports on long-term remission rates after apparent early remission following pituitary surgery in the management of Cushing's disease. An undetectable postoperative serum cortisol has been regarded as the result most likely to predict long-term remission. Our objective was to assess the relapse rates in patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery in order to determine whether undetectable cortisol following surgery was predictive of long-term remission and whether it was possible to have long-term remission when early morning cortisol was measurable but not grossly elevated. Endocrinological factors associated with late relapse were also studied. Patients, We reviewed the long-term outcome in 63 patients who had pituitary surgery for the treatment of Cushing's disease between 1979 and 2000. Measurements, Case notes were reviewed and the current clinical and biochemical status assessed. Our usual practice was that early after the operation, an 08:00 h serum cortisol was measured 24 h after the last dose of hydrocortisone. This was followed by a formal low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. Current clinical status and recent 24-h urinary free cortisol values were used as an index of activity of the Cushing's disease. If there was evidence suggesting relapse, a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test was performed. In many patients, sequential collections of early morning urine specimens for urinary cortisol to creatinine ratio were also performed in an attempt to diagnose cyclical and intermittent forms of recurrent hypercortisolism. We did this if there was conflicting endocrine data, or if patients were slow to lose abnormal clinical features. Results, Mean age at diagnosis was 40·3 years (range 14,70 years). Mean follow-up up time was 9·6 years (range 1,21 years). Forty-five patients (9 males/36 females) achieved apparent remission immediately after surgery and were subsequently studied long term. Of these 45 patients, four have subsequently died while in remission from hypercortisolism. Ten of the remaining 41 patients have relapsed. Of those 10, six demonstrated definite cyclical cortisol secretion. Two of the 10 had undetectable basal serum cortisol levels in the immediate postoperative period. Thirty-one patients are still alive and in remission. Fourteen (45%) of the 31 who remained in remission had detectable serum cortisol levels (> 50 nmol/l) immediately postoperatively, and remain in remission after a mean of 8·8 years. Our relapse rate was therefore 10/45 (22%), after a mean follow-up time of 9·6 years, with mean time to relapse 5·3 years. Conclusions, The overall remission rate of 56% (35/63) at 9·6 years follow-up is disappointing and merits some re-appraisal of the widely accepted principle that pituitary surgery must be the initial treatment of choice in pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome. Following pituitary surgery, careful ongoing expert endocrine assessment is mandatory as the incidence of relapse increases with time and also with increasing rigour of the endocrine evaluation. A significant number of our patients were shown to have relapsed with a cyclical form of hypercortisolism. [source] A Retrospective Study on 287 Implants Installed in Resorbed Maxillae Grafted with Fresh Frozen Allogenous BoneCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 2 2010Francesco Carinci MD ABSTRACT Background: Several studies have been performed to evaluate the clinical outcome of implants inserted into maxillae grafted with autogenous bone but few reports have focused on maxillae grafted with fresh-frozen allogenous bone (FFAB). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcome of implants installed in resorbed maxillae augmented with FFAB. Materials and Methods: A total of 69 patients whom had been treated with FFAB grafts to their maxillae and implant placement 4 to 6 months later were retrospectively evaluated. Edentulism was total and partial in 22 and 47 cases, respectively. A total of 287 implants of various systems had been used. A life table analysis was performed. Marginal bone loss was calculated in radiographs. Results: Five of the 287 implants were lost, giving a survival rate (SVR) of 98.3% over a mean follow-up time of 26 months. The marginal bone resorption at the implants was 1.68 mm (SD = 0.44) after 1 year and 1.85 mm (SD = 0.98) after 4 years. The cumulative success rate based on defined criteria was 96% in the first year but decreased to 40% at 4 years because of marginal bone loss. The Kaplan,Meier algorithm demonstrated a better outcome for female patients, removable dentures, and total edentulism. No differences were detected among diameters, lengths, and implant site. Conclusion: Implants placed in FFAB showed a high SVR similar to that reported in previous studies on maxillae grafted with autogenous iliac crest bone. Although our data point to more marginal bone loss in partially edentulous patients and for fixed prosthetic restorations, the use of FFAB for reconstruction of the atrophic jaw prior to implant placement can be considered as a reliable alternative to autogenous bone. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||