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Mean Body (mean + body)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences80%

Terms modified by Mean Body

  • mean body mass
  • mean body mass index
    		•
  • mean body size
  • mean body temperature
    		•
  • mean body weight

    • Selected Abstracts

    Changing patterns of diet, physical activity and obesity among urban, rural and slum populations in north India

    OBESITY REVIEWS, Issue 5 2008
    K. Yadav
    Summary Rapid urbanization and accompanying lifestyle changes in India lead to transition in non-communicable disease risk factors. A survey was done in urban, urban slum and rural population of Haryana, India, in a sample of 4129 men and 3852 women using WHO STEPS questionnaire. A very high proportion of all the three populations reported inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables. Rural men reported five times physical activity as compared with urban and urban slum men and rural women reported seven times physical activity as compared with women in the other two settings. Mean body mass index (BMI) was highest among urban men (22.8 kg m,2) followed by urban slum (21.0 kg m,2) and rural men (20.6 kg m,2) (P -value < 0.01). Similar trend was seen for women but at a higher level than men. Prevalence of obesity (BMI , 30 kg m,2) was highest for urban population (male = 5.5%, female = 12.6%) followed by urban slum (male = 1.9%, female = 7.2%) and rural populations (male = 1.6%, female = 3.8%). Urbanization increases the prevalence of the studied non-communicable disease risk factors, with women showing a greater increase as compared with men. Non-communicable disease control strategy needs to address urbanization and warrants gender sensitive strategies specifically targeting women. [source]

    Prevalence and time trends in obesity among adult West African populations: a meta-analysis

    OBESITY REVIEWS, Issue 4 2008
    A. R. Abubakari
    Summary The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of and trends in obesity in adult West African populations. Between February and March 2007, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using four electronic databases. Journal hand searches, citations and bibliographic snowballing of relevant articles were also undertaken. To be included, studies had to be population-based, use well-defined criteria for measuring obesity, present data that allowed calculation of the prevalence of obesity and sample adult participants. Studies retrieved were critically appraised. Meta-analysis was performed using the DerSimonian-Laird random effect model. Twenty-eight studies were included. Thirteen studies were conducted in urban settings, 13 in mixed urban/rural and one in rural setting. Mean body mass index ranged from 20.1 to 27.0 kg2. Prevalence of obesity in West Africa was estimated at 10.0% (95% CI, 6.0,15.0). Women were more likely to be obese than men, odds ratios 3.16 (95% CI, 2.51,3.98) and 4.79 (95% CI, 3.30,6.95) in urban and rural areas respectively. Urban residents were more likely to be obese than rural residents, odds ratio 2.70 (95% CI, 1.76,4.15). Time trend analyses indicated that prevalence of obesity in urban West Africa more than doubled (114%) over 15 years, accounted for almost entirely in women. Urban residents and women have particularly high risk of overweight/obesity and obesity is rising fast in women. Policymakers, politicians and health promotion experts must urgently help communities control the spread of obesity in West Africa. [source]

    Does body mass index differ between patients with Barrett's oesophagus and patients with chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?

    ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 9 2007
    L. B. GERSON
    Background Obesity has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for the development of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Aim To perform a prospective cohort study to determine whether there was a difference in body mass index (BMI) between patients with GERD and patients with Barrett's oesophagus (BE). Methods We prospectively enrolled patients undergoing endoscopic evaluation for GERD and collected information regarding BMI, tobacco and/or alcohol use, and family history of GERD. Patients with non-erosive reflux disease underwent confirmatory 24-h pH testing. Results Seven hundred and fifty one patients with GERD (mean ± s.d. age of 55.4 ± 14.2 years, 74% male) entered the study, and BE was present in 165 (22%, 90% male, 79% Caucasian) patients. The mean GERD symptom duration was 10.3 ± 0.4 years (range 1,62 years) with a mean body mass index of 27.8 ± 0.2 kg/m2 (range 15,55) Compared with patients having GERD alone, patients with BE were more likely to be older (P = 0.001), male (P < 0.001), current or prior tobacco users (P = 0.002), and with greater duration of GERD symptoms (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the BMI for patients with and without BE. Conclusions While obesity is a risk factor for both GERD and BMI, patients with BE did not demonstrate increased BMI compared with patients having chronic GERD. [source]

    A phase 2 clinical trial of metformin as a treatment for non-diabetic paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

    ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 7 2005
    J. B. Schwimmer
    Summary Background :,Children with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are insulin-resistant and metformin has been proposed as a potential therapy. However, paediatric safety and efficacy data are absent. Aim :,To test the hypothesis that metformin therapy will safely improve markers of liver disease in paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods :,Single-arm open-label pilot study of metformin 500 mg twice daily for 24 weeks in non-diabetic children with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Results :,Ten obese children (mean body mass index 30.4) enrolled and completed the trial. Mean alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) improved significantly (P < 0.01) from baseline (184, 114 U/L) to end of treatment (98, 68 U/L). Alanine aminotransferase normalized in 40% and AST normalized in 50% of subjects. Children demonstrated significant improvements in liver fat measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (30,23%, P < 0.01); insulin sensitivity measured by quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (0.294,0.310, P < 0.05); and quality of life measured by pediatric quality of life inventory 4.0 (69,81, P < 0.01). Conclusion :,Open-label treatment with metformin for 24 weeks was notable for improvement in liver chemistry, liver fat, insulin sensitivity and quality of life. A large randomized-controlled trial is needed to definitively determine the efficacy of metformin for paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. [source]

    Terrestrial leaf meals or freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus 1758)

    AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 8 2003
    Ofelia S Reyes
    Abstract Three terrestrial leaf meals, Carica papaya, Leucaena leucocephala, Moringa oliefera and a freshwater aquatic fern, Azolla pinnata were evaluated as potential ingredients for farmed abalone diet. All diets were formulated to contain 27% crude protein, 13% of which was contributed by the various leaf meals. Fresh seaweed Gracilariopsis bailinae served as the control feed. Juvenile Haliotis asinina (mean body weight=13.4±1.6 g, mean shell length= 38.8±1.4 mm) were fed the diets at 2,3% of the body weight day,1. Seaweed was given at 30% of body weight day,1. After 120 days of feeding, abalone fed M. oliefera, A. pinnata -based diets, and fresh G. bailinae had significantly higher (P<0.01) specific growth rates (SGR%) than abalone fed the L. leucocephala- based diet. Abalone fed the M. oliefera -based diet had a better growth rate in terms of shell length (P<0.05) compared with those fed the L. leucocephala -based diet but not with those in other treatments. Furthermore, protein productive value (PPV) of H. asinina was significantly higher when fed the M. oliefera -based diet compared with all other treatments (P<0.002). Survival was generally high (80,100%) with no significant differences among treatments. Abalone fed the M. oliefera -based diet showed significantly higher carcass protein (70% dry weight) and lipid (5%) than the other treatments. Moringa oliefera leaf meal and freshwater aquatic fern (A. pinnata) are promising alternative feed ingredients for practical diet for farmed abalone as these are locally available year-round in the Philippines. [source]