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Mexican Children (mexican + child)
Selected AbstractsChildren and Power in Mexican Transnational FamiliesJOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY, Issue 4 2007Joanna Dreby Today, many families find that they are unable to fulfill the goal of maintaining a household by living together under the same roof. Some members migrate internationally. This article addresses the consequences of a transnational lifestyle for children who are left behind by migrant parents. Using ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with a total of 141 members of Mexican transnational families, I explore how children who are left behind react to parents' migrations. I focus on how Mexican children manifest the competing pressures they feel surrounding parents' migrations and consequently shape family migration patterns. The article shows that children may experience power, albeit in different ways at different ages, while simultaneously being disadvantaged as dependents and in terms of their families' socioeconomic status. [source] Human caliciviruses detected in Mexican children admitted to hospital during 1998,2000, with severe acute gastroenteritis not due to other enteropathogensJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 4 2010Ana Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano Abstract Few studies exist regarding the frequency of human caliciviruses as single etiologic agents in sporadic cases, or in outbreaks occurring in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis. In this study, a total of 1,129 children of <5 years of age and hospitalized due to acute diarrhea were enrolled from three main hospitals in Mexico City during a period of 3 years (March 1998 to December 2000). After analyzing all fecal samples for several enteropathogens, 396 stools that remained negative were further screened for human caliciviruses by RT-PCR using a primer set specific to norovirus and sapovirus. Human caliciviruses were detected in 5.6% (22/396) of the children. The minimum incidence rate for 1999 were 5.3% (7/132) for 1999 and 7.8% (13/167) for 2000, since only fecal specimens that tested negative to other enteric pathogens were examined. Positive samples were further characterized using specific GI and GII primers and sequencing. Norovirus GII was detected in 19/22 samples, most of them were GII/4, while sapovirus GI/2 was detected in one sample. Associations between the presence of human calicivirus and clinical and epidemiological data revealed that diarrhea occurred with a seasonal pattern, and that children hospitalized due to human calicivirus disease scored an average of 13,±,3.2 (SD) points on the Vesikari scale, which corresponded to severe episodes. These results highlight that human caliciviruses, by themselves, are enteropathogens of acute severe diarrhea among young Mexican children requiring hospitalization and that their detection is important in order to reduce the diagnosis gap. J. Med. Virol. 82:632,637, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Dental Caries Experience and Factors among Preschoolers in Southeastern Mexico: A Brief CommunicationJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 2 2006América Segovia-Villanueva MSc Abstract Objective: To examine the Association between dental caries prevalence and selected variables in preschool children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,303 preschoolers (ages 3,6 years old), and the mothers completed questionnaires. The children were examined by one of three standardized dental examiners. Logistic regression was performed to identify Associations between dental caries and other factors. Results: Mean dmft was 1.54+2.47, with 44.1% of children having dmft>O. Caries prevalence was Associated with older children (OR=1.39); medium (OR=1.66) and low (OR=2.41) socioeconomic levels; mediocre (OR=l.71) and inadequate (OR=2.25) hygiene; negative attitude toward oral health (OR=1.51); and the presence of enamel defects (OR= 1.74). Conclusion: Both overall caries prevalence and dmft index were relatively low. The results of this study substantiate previous reports in the international literature for clinical, behavior, socio-demographic, and socio-economic variables that contribute to dental caries in Mexican children. [source] Lichen Planus in 24 Children with Review of the LiteraturePEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Pilar Luis-Montoya M.D. Our objective was to obtain epidemiologic data retrospectively and determine the clinical characteristics of lichen planus in Mexican children seen in our dermatology department. We found 235 patients with the clinical and histologic diagnosis of lichen planus seen over a period of 22 years and 7 months. Twenty-four (10.2%) of these patients were children (15 years of age or younger). The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.2. The main clinical pattern was classic lichen planus (43.5%). Mucous membrane and nail involvement were uncommon. No family history of lichen planus or systemic disease was noted. In the international literature, the frequency of lichen planus varied from 2.1% to 11.2% of the pediatric population. In the majority of studies no significant gender predominance was identified. Most patients had the classic variety of lichen planus. Reported mucosal involvement was rare, except in India and Kuwait. Frequency of nail involvement ranged from 0% to 16.6%. Little evidence of systemic disease or family history was found. [source] HLA-DRB1*08 allele may help to distinguish between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican childrenPEDIATRIC DIABETES, Issue 1 2007Ana L Rodríguez-Ventura Background:, It may be difficult to distinguish type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the pediatric population. Autoantibodies may help to differentiate both types of diabetes, but sometimes these are positive in patients with T2DM and negative in patients with T1DM. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR genotype has been associated with T1DM and with T2DM only in adults and in determined cases. Aim:, To determine the differences in HLA class II allele frequencies in Mexican children with T1DM and T2DM. Methods:, We included 72 children with T1DM, 28 children with T2DM, and 99 healthy controls. All were Mexican, and diabetes was diagnosed according to the clinical and laboratory criteria established by the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. The HLA-DRB1 typing was performed using polymerase chain reaction,sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe and polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers. Results:, We found an increased frequency of HLA-DRB1*08 and a decreased frequency of HLA-DRB1*04 in the group with T2DM vs. T1DM [p = 0.0001, odds ratio (OR) = 10.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3,40.8 and p = 0.0006, OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.11,0.53, respectively]. No significant differences were found between HLA-DRB1 alleles in T2DM vs. controls. In the group with T1DM, there was a significantly increased frequency of the HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR3 alleles relative to controls (p = 0.0000001, OR = 3.59, 95% CI = 2.2,5.8 and p = 0.00009, OR = 4.66, 95% CI = 2.1,10.3, respectively). Conclusion:, There are significant differences in the HLA profile in Mexican children with T1DM and T2DM. HLA typing could play a role in the differentiation between both types of diabetes in this population. [source] Population pharmacokinetics of valproate in Mexican children with epilepsyBIOPHARMACEUTICS AND DRUG DISPOSITION, Issue 9 2008Tania Correa Abstract Background. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence valproate clearance (CL) in Mexican epileptic pediatric patients using a mixed-effect model and sparse data of serum concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) collected during routine clinical care of patients. Methods. The number of patients included in the study was 110. The population CL was calculated by using the NONMEM program. The following covariates were tested by their influence on CL: total body weight (TBW), height, age, body surface area, daily dose (DD), sex of the patient and comedication with phenobarbital (PB) or carbamazepine. Results. The final regression model for valproic CL found best to describe the data was: CL/F=(0.0466+0.00363 TBW+0.000282 DD) * (1+0.236 PB). This model allows a reduction of 50% of the interindividual variability and of 31% of the residual variability described by the basic model that does not include covariables. Conclusions. Total body weight, daily dose of valproate and concomitant therapy with PB are factors that significantly influence VPA kinetic disposition and they should be considered in programming dosage regimens for this antiepileptic drug in the pediatric population. The validation of the model supports its acceptability for clinical purposes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||