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Selected AbstractsTreatment of Superficial Infantile Hemangiomas of the Eyelid Using the 595-nm Pulsed Dye LaserDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2010CHRISTOPHER M. HUNZEKER MD BACKGROUND Despite the proven effectiveness of the 595-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) in treating superficial infantile hemangiomas, many physicians are reluctant to treat such lesions involving the eyelid. OBJECTIVE To examine the safety and efficacy of the 595-nm PDL for the treatment of superficial infantile hemangiomas of the eyelid. MATERIALS & METHODS Records were reviewed for patients with superficial infantile hemangiomas of the eyelid treated with 595-nm PDL. Pre- and post-treatment photographs were compared. Reviewers rated the degree of improvement of the hemangioma as excellent (76,100%), good (51,75%), moderate (26,50%), or poor (0,25%) and indicated whether the hemangioma was 100% clear. Side effects of scarring, atrophy, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-two patients met the study criteria. Eight (36.4%) demonstrated complete clearance of their hemangioma, 17 (77.3%) received an improvement rating of excellent, and five (22.7%) received a rating of good. No scarring, atrophy, or hypopigmentation was noted. Two patients (9.1%) were noted to have hyperpigmentation in the treated area. CONCLUSION Early treatment with the 595-nm PDL can safely and effectively diminish proliferative growth and hasten resolution of superficial infantile hemangiomas of the eyelid. Roy G. Geronemus, MD, is on the Medical Advisory Board for Candela Laser Corp. [source] Rosiglitazone RECORD study: glucose control outcomes at 18 monthsDIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 6 2007P. D. Home Abstract Aims To compare glucose control over 18 months between rosiglitazone oral combination therapy and combination metformin and sulphonylurea in people with Type 2 diabetes. Methods RECORD, a multicentre, parallel-group study of cardiovascular outcomes, enrolled people with an HbA1c of 7.1,9.0% on maximum doses of metformin or sulphonylurea. If on metformin they were randomized to add-on rosiglitazone or sulphonylurea (open label) and if on sulphonylurea to rosiglitazone or metformin. HbA1c was managed to , 7.0% by dose titration. A prospectively defined analysis of glycaemic control on the first 1122 participants is reported here, with a primary outcome assessed against a non-inferiority margin for HbA1c of 0.4%. Results At 18 months, HbA1c reduction on background metformin was similar with rosiglitazone and sulphonylurea [difference 0.07 (95% CI ,0.09, 0.23)%], as was the change when rosiglitazone or metformin was added to sulphonylurea [0.06 (,0.09, 0.20)%]. At 6 months, the effect on HbA1c was greater with add-on sulphonylurea, but was similar whether sulphonylurea was added to rosiglitazone or metformin. Differences in fasting plasma glucose were not statistically significant at 18 months [rosiglitazone vs. sulphonylurea ,0.36 (,0.74, 0.02) mmol/l, rosiglitazone vs. metformin ,0.34 (,0.73, 0.05) mmol/l]. Increased homeostasis model assessment insulin sensitivity and reduced C-reactive protein were greater with rosiglitazone than metformin or sulphonylurea (all P , 0.001). Body weight was significantly increased with rosiglitazone compared with sulphonylurea [difference 1.2 (0.4, 2.0) kg, P = 0.003] and metformin [difference 4.3 (3.6, 5.1) kg, P < 0.001]. Conclusions In people with diabetes, rosiglitazone in combination with metformin or sulphonylurea was demonstrated to be non-inferior to the standard combination of metformin + sulphonylurea in lowering HbA1c over 18 months, and produces greater improvements in C-reactive protein and basal insulin sensitivity but is also associated with greater weight gain. [source] Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Review of 76 Cases,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2002Rahul K. Shah MD Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia has long been viewed as a rare condition. Recent evidence indicates that the disorder is more frequent than previously thought. Recalcitrant epistaxis is a salient feature of this disease, and the otolaryngologist is often called on to make the diagnosis and guide the primary management of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Wider recognition of this condition, awareness of the natural history and associated findings, appropriate workup and screening for arteriovenous malformations (lungs, brain, liver), and knowledge of appropriate interventions can help avoid the considerable morbidity associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Study Design Retrospectivereview. Methods Records of patients treated by the senior author (s.m.s.) for hereditary hemorrhagic teleangiectasia from 1993 to 2000 were reviewed. Results Seventy-six patients were identified, 98% of whom had epistaxis as their presenting complaint, with 75% having a family history of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The severity of epistaxis varied in the patients: 66% had mild, 21% moderate, and 13% severe epistaxis. Sixty-four percent of patients had no transfusions, 25% had 1 to 10 transfusions, and 11% of patients had more than 10 transfusions. Complications of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia were documented in 30% of patients. Screening for arteriovenous malformations was performed in only 34% of patients. Eighty-two percent of patients received a variable number of Nd:YAG laser treatments. Conclusions The study presents the largest retrospective review of patients treated for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia by a single otolaryngologist. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach facilitated by the otolaryngologist for evaluation of concomitant complications and morbidity (arteriovenous malformations) from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is demonstrated. An algorithm for controlling the epistaxis is presented. [source] Paracetamol-related deaths in Scotland, 1994,2000BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 4 2002Christopher L. Sheen Aims To investigate the death rate due to paracetamol poisoning in Scotland and what effect the reduction in over-the-counter paracetamol pack sizes in 1998 had on the death rate. Methods Records from 1994 to 2000 were examined to identify the number and annual incidence of paracetamol-related deaths. Numbers of deaths before and after the pack size reduction were compared. Results No significant differences were shown due to the pack size reduction. The Scottish paracetamol-related death rate was twice as high as in England and Wales. Conclusions Further measures to reduce paracetamol-related morbidity and mortality in Scotland should be considered. [source] Zone-I retinopathy of prematurity, progression and scheduling of treatmentACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009I AKKOYUN Purpose To evaluate the progression celerity and scheduling of suitable treatment time for Zone-I Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). Methods Records of 36 eyes (18 infants) with Zone-I ROP, which were screened for ROP at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey, between January 2004-March 2009, were evaluated retrospectively. Birth weight ranged between 480-1000g, gestational age ranged from 24-28 weeks. First fundus examination was performed at 29-31 weeks gestational age, and was repeated once or more per week. The first treatment was performed using laser photocoagulation and the progression criteria for laser photocoagulation treatment were: (1) Zone-I ROP less than stage-3 with plus disease (ETROP-type 1); (2) Zone-I stage 3 ROP with or without plus disease (ETROP-type 1). Results Twenty eyes of 10 infants showed criterion (1) and 16 eyes of 8 infants criterion (2). Corneal opacity, pupillary rigidity, tunica vasculosa lentis and vitreous haze were observed until 31-33 weeks gestational age. The time period for the progression of stage-1 to stage-3 retinopathy ranged between 0.7-3.7 weeks. The mean age at the first treatment was 33 weeks (range 30-35 weeks). The mean time between the development of stage-1 retinopathy and the laser treatment was 9.8 days in mean (5-23 days), and 69.3 % of the infants were treated within 12 days after the diagnosis of stage-1 ROP. Additional treatments were performed in 7 eyes, scleral buckling+cryotherapy in 5 eyes, vitrectomy in 2 eyes. Thirty-two eyes had favorable and 4 eyes had unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion The diagnosis of Zone-I ROP requires close-meshed follow-up and immediate treatment. [source] | ||||||||||