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Mesenchymal Origin (mesenchymal + origin)
Selected AbstractsEpithelioid angiosarcoma: A neoplasm with potential diagnostic challengesDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Christine F. Lin B.S. (Student) Abstract Epithelioid angiosarcomas are extremely rare tumors associated with poor prognosis and early metastases. Its epithelioid cytomorphology and limited vasoformation make it difficult to distinguish from more common malignancies, such as, carcinoma. This can be a potential diagnostic pitfall for the cytopathologist. In this report, the patient is a 24-year-old man presenting with testicular pain, a pelvic mass, and innumerable liver nodules. Immediate interpretation of the needle core biopsies of the pelvic mass and liver lesions initially favored a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Unusual positive immunohistochemical stains for CD30 and CK7 ultimately led the investigation toward a tumor of mesenchymal origin. Further, immunohistochemical evaluation demonstrated positive CD31 and Factor VIII staining and established the final diagnosis of epithelioid angiosarcoma. The tumor cells were negative for CD34, CK20, alpha-fetoprotein, placental-like alkaline phosphatase, hepatocyte paraffin 1, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen, CD10, CA-125, prostate-specific antigen, and prostatic acid phosphatase. This case is reported to illustrate the importance of considering the diagnosis of epithelioid angiosarcoma when encountering an "epithelioid" neoplasm particularly with unusual immunoreactivity for CK7 and CD30. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cell-cycle deregulation in BALB/c 3T3 cells transformed by 1,2-dibromoethane and folpet pesticidesENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS, Issue 5 2003Maria Alessandra Santucci Abstract The cell-transforming potential of 1,2-dibromoethane and folpet, two widely used agricultural pesticides that are potential sources of environmental pollution, has been previously ascribed to their promoting activity. In this study, we investigated whether BALB/c 3T3 transformation by these chemicals was associated with the deregulation of signals involved in cell-cycle progression and in cell-cycle checkpoint induction. We found that two BALB/c 3T3 cell clones transformed by in vitro medium-term (8-week) exposure to the carcinogens had a constitutive acceleration of cell transition from G1 to S phase and an abrogation of the radiation-induced G1/S checkpoint. These events involved multiple signals; in particular, the inhibitors of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes p21 and p27 were significantly down-modulated and the positive regulators of cell-cycle progression cyclin D3 and E were up-modulated. As anticipated for cells where the G1/S checkpoint was abrogated, the transformed cells exhibited a significant reinforcement of the radiation-induced G2/M checkpoint, the only checkpoint remaining to protect genomic integrity. However, cyclin A1 and B1 coexpression and cyclin A1 overexpression were found despite the G2 arrest in irradiated cells and these signals likely attenuate the G2/M checkpoint. These alterations to normal cell cycling may promote the emergence of both numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities and their tolerance. Such a condition could play a key role in neoplastic transformation and be crucial in tumor progression. Furthermore, cyclin A1 overexpression may play an autonomous role in the neoplastic transformation of BALB/c 3T3 cells, as it does in other cell types of mesenchymal origin. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 41:315,321, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] An unusual case of extra-abdominal desmoid tumourEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE, Issue 3 2010N. ZAMPIERI doctor ZAMPIERI N., CECCHETTO M., ZORZI M.G., PIETROBELLI A., OTTOLENGHI A. & CAMOGLIO F. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care19, 410,412 An unusual case of extra-abdominal desmoid tumour Desmoid tumour is relatively rare and generally non-metastatisizing lesion of mesenchymal origin composed of fibrous tissue and fitting in the group of aggressive fibromatosis; it is a locally aggressive proliferative soft-tissue lesion with controversial nature. This tumour accounts for 0.03% of all tumours and 3% of soft-tissue tumours with annual incidence of two to four cases per million. Although desmoid tumours are more common in persons aged 10,40 years than in others, they do occur in young children and older adults; in children the sex incidence is equal. This is a rare case of extra-abdominal desmoid tumour in a 14-year-old girl affected by spastic tetraparesis. To our knowledge no similar cases are present in literature to date. [source] Human articular chondrocytes suppress in vitro proliferation of anti-CD3 activated peripheral blood mononuclear cellsJOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Chiara Bocelli-Tyndall Objective: To investigate whether mature human articular chondrocytes (AC) exhibit an antiproliferative effect on activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and to compare this effect with other cells of mesenchymal origin. Methods: AC from healthy cadaveric cartilage were grown for different passages, in the absence (control) or presence of factors enhancing cell de-differentiation (transforming growth factor (TGF),1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)bb-TFP medium). Cell ability to suppress PBMC proliferation driven by anti-CD3 antibody was measured by tritiated thymidine uptake following incubation for 48 h at different PBMC:AC ratios and expressed as percent of residual proliferation (RP). AC antiproliferative effect was compared to that of control dermal fibroblasts (DF) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). Results: AC exhibited a cell number-dependent antiproliferative effect. The strongest effect (up to 2% RP) was measured using the least expanded AC cultures. The use of TFP medium for AC expansion resulted in a significantly lower antiproliferative effect, in the range of that induced by BMSC (up to 18% RP). Also DF induced a marked antiproliferative effect (up to 11% RP). Conclusion: We report for the first time that human AC have a marked antiproliferative effect on anti-CD3 stimulated PBMC, which is reduced upon culture in medium-inducing extensive cell de-differentiation. These results reflect the immunosuppressive properties observed for other different mesenchymal cell types and raise the question of a potential common physiological role in local tissue protection. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 732,734, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The epithelial cell rests of Malassez , a role in periodontal regeneration?JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2006J. C. Rincon This article reviews general aspects about the epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM). The historical and general morphological features of the ERM are briefly described. The embryological derivation of the ERM is presented as an important consideration in understanding the events associated with their origin and possible functional roles within the periodontal ligament. The ultrastructural description of the ERM is also included to complement the morphological characteristics which distinguish these cells as the unique epithelial element of the periodontal ligament. The unique ability of these cells to synthesize and secrete a number of proteins usually associated with cells of mesenchymal origin, rather than ectodermal origin, is discussed in light of their role in cementum repair and regeneration. Such considerations lead to our hypothesis that one of the functional roles of the ERM may lie not only their role in maintaining and contributing to the normal periodontal cellular elements and function but also contributing, in a significant manner, to periodontal regeneration. [source] You can win by losing: p53 mutations in rhabdomyosarcomas,THE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Sean M Post Abstract Rhabdomyosarcomas are soft tissue sarcomas of mesenchymal origin. Unlike rhabdomyosarcomas observed in paediatric patients which typically respond well to chemotherapeutic treatment, adults generally present with pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas that are typically associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding the molecular biology that gives rise to pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas is critical. In this issue of The Journal of Pathology, Doyle and colleagues have generated elegant tissue-specific Cre/loxP-dependent mouse models that mimic pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma development in humans. In this report, the authors employed KRasG12V -expressing mouse models that concomitantly either express mutant p53 (p53R172H) or have deleted the p53 gene. Mice that express mutant p53 have decreased survival with development of aggressive metastases as compared to mice that have simply lost wild-type p53. The data presented herein provide the first in vivo evidence that in rhabdomyosarcomas, expression of mutant p53 results in a more aggressive p53R172H-dependent gain-of-function phenotype. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Invited Commentary for Doyle B et al.p53 mutation and loss have different effects on tumourigenesis in a novel mouse model of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. Journal of Pathology, 2010; 222: 129,137. [source] | |||||||||||||