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Measured Data. (measured + data)
Selected AbstractsPilot-scale combustion of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil: Ash deposition and gaseous emissionsENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, Issue 3 2009Ala Khodier Abstract Fast pyrolysis is a promising method to transform solid biomass into a liquid product called "bio-oil" with an energy density of four to five times greater than the feedstock. The process involves rapidly heating biomass to 450,600°C in the absence of air and condensing the vapor produced to give bio-oil. Typically, 50,75% (weight) of the feedstock is converted into bio-oil that has a number of uses, for example energy production or bio-refinery feedstock. This study investigated the gaseous emissions and ash deposition characteristics resulting from bio-oil combustion in a pilot scale combustion test rig at Cranfield University. A feeding system with heated lines and heated/stirred reservoir was used to feed a spray nozzle in the combustion chamber. Ash deposit samples were collected from the resulting flue gas using three air-cooled probes that simulate heat exchanger tubes with surface temperatures of 500, 600, and 700°C. The deposits formed were analyzed using SEM/EDX and XRD techniques to assess the corrosion potential of the deposits. The results are compared to measured ash deposit compositions formed from biomass combustion. Thermodynamic modeling software was used to make predictions for the partitioning of a range of elements for bio-oil combustion and the results compared to the measured data. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009 [source] Image reconstruction of buried inhomogeneous dielectric cylinders coated on a conductorINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMAGING SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Chun Jen Lin Abstract The image reconstruction of buried inhomogeneous dielectric cylinders coated on a conductor with known cross-section is investigated. Inhomogeneous dielectric cylinders coated on a conductor is buried in one half space and scatter a group of unrelated waves incident from another half space, where the scattered field is recorded. By proper arrangement of the various unrelated incident fields, the difficulties of ill-posedness and nonlinearity are circumvented, and the permittivity distribution can be reconstructed through simple matrix operations. The algorithm is based on the moment method and the unrelated illumination method. Numerical results show that good reconstruction has been obtained both with and without Gaussian noise in measured data. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 15, 172,177, 2005 [source] CAD of evanescent-mode bandpass filters based on the short ridged waveguide sectionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING, Issue 6 2001Anatoly Kirilenko Abstract The paper presents the internal details of a developed full-wave algorithm for the computer-aided design of evanescent-mode bandpass filters formed by single- or double-short ridged waveguide sections. New filter configurations with an enlarged cross section of filter housing and nonconventional notch-strip-notch elements providing improved stopband performance are given special considerations. Additional input,output transformers built on rectangular waveguide sections are used in designing broadband filters. Characteristics of one of the designed filters are verified by measured data. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 11: 354,365, 2001 [source] A heterogeneous kinetic model of the oxidative polymerization of 2,6-dimethylphenol with a copper-EDTA complex in waterAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 10 2009Qun Liu Abstract The heterogeneous oxidative polymerization kinetics of 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP) catalyzed by a copper(II)-EDTA complex in water was studied. During the oxidative polymerization of DMP in water the oxygen uptake rate increases with an increase in DMP concentration and an increase in temperature. The Michaelis,Menten kinetic model as applied to the polymerization of DMP in organic solvents is not appropriate for the description of the full course of DMP polymerization in water. A new heterogeneous kinetic model is proposed to describe the catalyst deactivation during the oxidative polymerization as well as the difference in reactivity between the monomer, water-soluble oligomer and water-insoluble oligomer. The polymerization rate estimated by the new model is consistent with the measured data. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009 [source] A wideband planar monopole microstrip antenna with coupled parasitic linesMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 8 2006Lu Lu Abstract A wideband microstrip-fed monopole antenna with two shorted inverted-L coupled lines is presented. The proposed antenna has a large impedance bandwidth covering the range from 3.22 to 11.68 GHz. The radiating elements only occupy a small area of 9.3 × 8.2 mm2. The gain and bandwidth of the antenna are predicted using a commercial finite-element method software package. For frequencies across the operating bands, the proposed antenna displays monopolelike radiation patterns and good antenna gain, given its small physical size. The predicted results show good agreement with measured data. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 1507,1509, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21718 [source] A compact dual-port, dual-band planar microstrip antennaMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 4 2002A. Gadzina Abstract A compact dual-band, dual-port planar microstrip antenna is described. Its main properties are wide bandwidth, high and constant gain at both frequency bands, and a simple planar structure, which results from etching all patches onto a common substrate. As an example of application an antenna for GSM900/1800 has been realized and described with measured data. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 302,305, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10443 [source] | ||||||||||