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Mature Milk (mature + milk)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	40%
Life Sciences	40%

Selected Abstracts

Plasma vitamin A status in calves fed colostrum from cows that were fed vitamin A during late pregnancy

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 5 2008
G. Puvogel
Summary Calves are born vitamin A and ,-carotene deficient and the ,-carotene conversion to vitamin A is limited. Colostrum, contains relatively large amounts of vitamin A and ,-carotene and the retinol and ,-carotene status of calves can be normalized with colostrum consumption. We studied whether vitamin A supplementation of cows during late gestation (dry period) increases cow plasma retinol concentrations, the retinol content of first colostrum, and the plasma vitamin A status of calves during their first month of life. Both plasma and colostrum retinol concentrations were higher in vitamin A supplemented cows than in non-supplemented cows. In calves that were for 5 days fed colostrum (milk) from vitamin A-supplemented cows and then mature milk, plasma retinol concentrations were higher from 14 to 30 days after birth than in calves that were fed colostrum (milk) from cows that were not vitamin A supplemented. The study shows that vitamin A supplementation of cows during the dry period can improve the vitamin A status of their calves up to 1 month, if calves ingest their colostrum/milk for up to 5 days. [source]

Concentration of aluminium in breast cyst fluids collected from women affected by gross cystic breast disease

JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, Issue 1 2009
Ferdinando Mannello
Abstract Gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) is the most common benign breast disorder, but the molecular basis of cyst formation remains to be identified. If the use of aluminium-based antiperspirant salts is involved in the etiology of gross breast cyst formation, it might be expected that aluminium would be at elevated levels in human breast cyst fluid (BCF). Aluminium was measured by ICP-MS in 48 samples of BCF, 30 samples of human blood serum and 45 samples of human breast milk at different stages of lactation (colostrum, intermediate, mature). The median level of aluminium in apocrine type I BCF (n = 27, 150 µg l,1) was significantly higher than in transudative type II BCF (n = 21, 32 µg l,1; P <0.0001). By comparison, aluminium measurements gave a median concentration of 6 µg l,1 in human serum and 25 µg l,1 in human breast milk, with no difference between colostrum, intermediate and mature milk. Levels of aluminium were significantly higher in both types of BCF than in human serum (P <0.0001). However when compared with human breast milk, aluminium levels were only significantly higher in apocrine type I BCF (P <0.0001) and not in transudative type II BCF (P = 0.152). It remains to be identified why such high levels of aluminium were found in the apocrine type I BCF and from where the aluminium originated. However, if aluminium-based antiperspirants are found to be the source and to play any causal role in development of breast cysts, then it might become possible to prevent this common breast disorder. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cover Picture , Mol.

MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH (FORMERLY NAHRUNG/FOOD), Issue 4 2008
Nutr.
Regular issues provide a wide range of research and review articles covering all aspects of Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. Selected topics of issue 4 are: Phenolics from purple grape and apple and their prevention of early atherosclerosis . Proliferation inhibition of human bladder cancer cells by the grape and wine constituent piceatannol Anticancer actions of natural and synthetic vitamin E Maternal dietary habits and mycotoxins occurrence in human mature milk [source]

Lower energy content of human milk than calculated using conversion factors

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2005
Satoko Hosoi
Abstract,Background:,Bodyweight gain of formula-fed babies is usually higher than that of breast-fed ones. The energy content of human milk is usually quantified not by direct measurement but by calculation based on The Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. For this study, the energy of human milk was quantified in two ways, using a direct measurement and a calculation method. Methods:,A total of 227 milk samples (192 colostrum, 21 transitional milk, and 14 mature milk) were collected from 114 healthy women. Energy of the whole milk was measured by ballistic bomb calorimetry. The content of protein, fat, and carbohydrate was determined by direct measurement methods. Energy of the milk was also calculated according to the indices in The Standard Tables. Results:,The mean value for all milk samples of directly measured energy was significantly lower than that of the calculated energy (58.1 ± 8.1 vs. 64.5 ± 10.6 kcal/100 g, n = 227, P < 0.05). Similar results were observed in colostrum and transitional milk but not in mature milk. Measured energy in mature milk was significantly higher than that in colostrum (64.2 ± 3.6 vs. 57.1 ± 8.0 kcal/100 g, P < 0.05). Protein concentration in mature milk was significantly lower than that in colostrum (1.4 ± 0.4 vs. 2.2 ± 0.7 g/100 g, P < 0.05). Conclusions:,The measured energy content of human milk was lower than the calculated energy based upon the Standard Tables, suggesting that formula milk contains excessive energy. [source]

The relationship between breast milk leptin and neonatal weight gain

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2009
Hakan Doneray
Abstract Aim: To investigate whether change in leptin content of breast milk during lactation acts on neonatal body weight gain. Methods: In total 15 lactating women and their 15 term infants were involved in the study. Breast milk and neonatal serum samples were obtained from the same women and their neonates on the 1st day and any day between the 21st and 30th days after birth. Breast milk and serum leptin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Anthropometric indexes of the infants were recorded. Results: The study was completed with 15 multiparious mothers aged 19,37 years and their infants. The mean collection time of the first samples after birth was 6.07 ± 1.94 h. The leptin level in the mature milk was significantly higher than in the colostrum (p < 0.001). Neonatal weight and height were significantly increased on 21,30 lactation days compared to 1st day of lactation (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The leptin concentration in the mature milk was negatively correlated with delta BMI (r =,0.53; p < 0.05). The delta breast milk leptin concentration was also found to be inversely correlated with delta BMI (r =,0.529; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study have suggested that change in the leptin content of breast milk during lactation might play a role in the regulation of weight gain in healthy neonates. [source]