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Maternal HIV Status (maternal + hiv_status)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Maternal HIV status and pregnancy outcomes in northeastern Tanzania: a registry-based study

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2008
NA Habib
Objectives, The proportion of women delivering with known HIV status in sub-Saharan Africa is not well described. Risk of HIV transmission to newborns is a major concern, but there may also be increased risks for other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Design, Hospital registry. Setting, North East Tanzania (1999,2006). Population, Singletons (n= 14 444). Methods, Births were grouped by maternal HIV status and socio-demographic factors predicting HIV status, and associations between status and pregnancy outcomes were studied. Main outcome measures, Maternal HIV status, perinatal mortality, prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA), birthweight and low Apgar score. Results, The proportion of mothers with known HIV status increased from 7% before 2001 to 78% after 2004. Single motherhood, rural residence, low maternal education, maternal and paternal farming and higher paternal age were associated with unknown HIV status. About 7.4% (95% CI 6.7,8.1%) of women were HIV infected, with increased likelihood of infection with higher gravidity, single motherhood, rural residence, maternal business or farming occupations and paternal tribe. Compared with HIV-uninfected women, the untreated HIV-infected women had a higher risk of SGA births (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] 1.6; 95% CI 1.1,2.4), preterm birth (ARR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1,2.7) and perinatal death (ARR 1.9; 95% CI 0.95,3.8). Women with unknown HIV status had moderately increased risks. Treated HIV-infected women had a risk similar to that of the HIV-uninfected women for all outcomes, except for low Apgar score. Conclusion, HIV testing and infection were associated with socio-demographic factors. Untreated HIV-infected women had higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and risks were also increased for women with unknown HIV status. There is still a need to increase availability of HIV testing, education and adequate therapy for pregnant women. [source]

Infants with HIV-infected mothers in a universal newborn hearing screening programme in Lagos, Nigeria

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2009
Bolajoko O Olusanya
Abstract Aim:, To establish the characteristics of infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers enrolled under a two-stage universal newborn hearing screening programme in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods:, A matched case-control study from May 2005 to December 2007 in which factors associated with maternal HIV status were determined by conditional multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results:, Some 266 newborns had HIV-infected mothers and were matched with 1330 controls by age and sex. Factors independently associated with increased risk of maternal HIV status were ethnicity, religion, housing sanitation facilities and prematurity while prior or current caesarean section, admission into special care unit and hyperbilirubinaemia were associated with lower risk of maternal HIV. Maternal HIV status was not significantly associated (p = 0.082) with the risk of sensorineural hearing loss although newborns with HIV-infected mothers had more than two-fold risk (p = 0.030) of not completing the hearing tests compared with controls. Conclusion:, HIV-infected mothers are likely to live in poor housing conditions but their newborns are not at an increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss in this setting barring the potential effect of significantly increased drop-out rate in this group. [source]

Maternal HIV status and pregnancy outcomes in northeastern Tanzania: a registry-based study

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2008
NA Habib
Objectives, The proportion of women delivering with known HIV status in sub-Saharan Africa is not well described. Risk of HIV transmission to newborns is a major concern, but there may also be increased risks for other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Design, Hospital registry. Setting, North East Tanzania (1999,2006). Population, Singletons (n= 14 444). Methods, Births were grouped by maternal HIV status and socio-demographic factors predicting HIV status, and associations between status and pregnancy outcomes were studied. Main outcome measures, Maternal HIV status, perinatal mortality, prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA), birthweight and low Apgar score. Results, The proportion of mothers with known HIV status increased from 7% before 2001 to 78% after 2004. Single motherhood, rural residence, low maternal education, maternal and paternal farming and higher paternal age were associated with unknown HIV status. About 7.4% (95% CI 6.7,8.1%) of women were HIV infected, with increased likelihood of infection with higher gravidity, single motherhood, rural residence, maternal business or farming occupations and paternal tribe. Compared with HIV-uninfected women, the untreated HIV-infected women had a higher risk of SGA births (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] 1.6; 95% CI 1.1,2.4), preterm birth (ARR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1,2.7) and perinatal death (ARR 1.9; 95% CI 0.95,3.8). Women with unknown HIV status had moderately increased risks. Treated HIV-infected women had a risk similar to that of the HIV-uninfected women for all outcomes, except for low Apgar score. Conclusion, HIV testing and infection were associated with socio-demographic factors. Untreated HIV-infected women had higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and risks were also increased for women with unknown HIV status. There is still a need to increase availability of HIV testing, education and adequate therapy for pregnant women. [source]

Infants with HIV-infected mothers in a universal newborn hearing screening programme in Lagos, Nigeria

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2009
Bolajoko O Olusanya
Abstract Aim:, To establish the characteristics of infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers enrolled under a two-stage universal newborn hearing screening programme in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods:, A matched case-control study from May 2005 to December 2007 in which factors associated with maternal HIV status were determined by conditional multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results:, Some 266 newborns had HIV-infected mothers and were matched with 1330 controls by age and sex. Factors independently associated with increased risk of maternal HIV status were ethnicity, religion, housing sanitation facilities and prematurity while prior or current caesarean section, admission into special care unit and hyperbilirubinaemia were associated with lower risk of maternal HIV. Maternal HIV status was not significantly associated (p = 0.082) with the risk of sensorineural hearing loss although newborns with HIV-infected mothers had more than two-fold risk (p = 0.030) of not completing the hearing tests compared with controls. Conclusion:, HIV-infected mothers are likely to live in poor housing conditions but their newborns are not at an increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss in this setting barring the potential effect of significantly increased drop-out rate in this group. [source]