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Material's Performance (material + performance)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Polymers and Materials Science	60%

Selected Abstracts

An Examination of Clothing Issues and Physical Limitations in the Product Development Process

FAMILY & CONSUMER SCIENCES RESEARCH JOURNAL, Issue 1 2010
Katherine Carroll
The purpose of this study was to explore physical limitations and clothing problems among working women with physical disabilities to determine whether types of physical limitations are linked to specific clothing problems. The sample included 117 working women with a variety of disabilities. Principle Components Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. Three distinct factors emerged to represent clothing problems (called Design, Materials Performance, and Dressing) and four distinct factors emerged to represent physical limitations (called Limbs/Outer Extremities, Central Core/Torso, Central Nervous System, and Intellect, Vision and Hearing). Regression analysis showed that the physical limitations impact each of the three clothing factors. The study extends research by focusing on an underserved market segment and providing the apparel industry with a potential method of addressing the needs of that market. The study also contributes to interdisciplinary research by further developing an Inclusive Design model for apparel product development. [source]

Inherent flammability parameters,Room corner test application

FIRE AND MATERIALS, Issue 8 2009
J. G. Quintiere
Abstract It has been hypothesized that four parameters are solely responsible for a material's performance in a flammability scenario. This excludes effects of material physical integrity, i.e. melting, delamination, etc. They are (1) the critical heat flux below which piloted ignition cannot occur (CHF), (2) the ratio of heat of combustion to heat of gasification (HRP), (3) the thermal response parameter related to the thermal inertia and the ignition temperature (TRP), and (4) the available energy per unit area (AEP). The fire scenario controls the process by its initial heat flux and region of ignition. The hypothesis is applied to 54 tests of the ISO Room Corner Test to assess its validity. It is shown that these four parameters give good correlations in predicting the time to flashover and whether it occurs. In principle, different correlations could be developed for other scenarios of tests and fire configurations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Tribological behavior of pure and graphite-filled polyimides under atmospheric conditions

POLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, Issue 8 2003
P. Samyn
As the use of common engineering plastics in tribological systems is limited to low sliding velocities and low loads because of creep and insufficient temperature resistance, there is increasing interest in application of high-performance polymers such as polyimides, characterized by their ability to maintain favorable mechanical properties up to their melting point. However, for practical design, tribotesting remains necessary for determination of the material's performance under a given contact situation. In this article, two commercially available polyimides are tested at relatively high sliding velocities and contact pressures under atmospheric conditions of temperature and humidity. A consistent overview of tendencies in friction and wear for pure polyimides as a function of applied normal loads and sliding velocities is given. Addition of 15% by weight graphite powder as internal solid lubricant strongly influences friction and wear. Its behavior is compared with pure polyimide grades and differences are discussed in relation with experimental measured bulk-temperatures. A linear temperature law is derived as a function of pv-levels and a steady-state condition is found at different temperature levels, in accordance with thermal conductivity of the polymer bulks. In case of graphite additives, a steady state in temperature coincides with the regime condition of wear rate. [source]

Conjugated-Polymer-Based Lateral Heterostructures Defined by High-Resolution Photolithography

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 17 2010
Jui-Fen Chang
Abstract Solution processing of polymer semiconductors provides a new paradigm for large-area electronics manufacturing on flexible substrates, but it also severely restricts the realization of interesting advanced device architectures, such as lateral heterostructures with defined interfaces, which are easily accessible with inorganic materials using photolithography. This is because polymer semiconductors degrade, swell, or dissolve during conventional photoresist processing. Here a versatile, high-resolution photolithographic method is demonstrated for patterning of polymer semiconductors and exemplify this with high-performance p-type and n-type field-effect transistors (FETs) in both bottom- and top-gate architectures, as well as ambipolar light-emitting field-effect transistors (LEFETs), in which the recombination zone can be pinned at a photolithographically defined lateral heterojunction between two semiconducting polymers. The technique therefore enables the realization of a broad range of novel device architectures while retaining optimum materials performance. [source]

The Development of Light-Emitting Dendrimers for Displays,

ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 13 2007
L. Burn
Abstract Dendrimers are now an important class of light-emitting material for use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Dendrimers are branched macromolecules that consist of a core, one or more dendrons, and surface groups. The different parts of the macromolecule can be selected to give the desired optoelectronic and processing properties. The first light-emitting dendrimers were fluorescent but more recently highly efficient phosphorescent dendrimers have been developed. OLEDs containing light-emitting dendrimers have been reported to have external quantum efficiencies of up to 16,%. The solubility of the dendrimers opens the way for simple processing and a new class of flat-panel displays. In this Review we show how the structure of the light-emitting dendrimers controls key features such as intermolecular interactions and charge transport, which are important for all OLED materials. The advantages of the dendrimer architecture for phosphorescent emitters and the way the structure can be varied to enhance materials performance and device design are illustrated. [source]