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Matching Approach (matching + approach)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

THE CONTEXT OF MARRIAGE AND CRIME: GENDER, THE PROPENSITY TO MARRY, AND OFFENDING IN EARLY ADULTHOOD,

CRIMINOLOGY, Issue 1 2007
RYAN D. KING
Marriage is central to theoretical debates over stability and change in criminal offending over the life course. Yet, unlike other social ties such as employment, marriage is distinct in that it cannot be randomly assigned in survey research to more definitively assess causal effects of marriage on offending. As a result, key questions remain as to whether different individual propensities toward marriage shape its salience as a deterrent institution. Building on these issues, the current research has three objectives. First, we use a propensity score matching approach to estimate causal effects of marriage on crime in early adulthood. Second, we assess sex differences in the effects of marriage on offending. Although both marriage and offending are highly gendered phenomena, prior work typically focuses on males. Third, we examine whether one's propensity to marry conditions the deterrent capacity of marriage. Results show that marriage suppresses offending for males, even when accounting for their likelihood to marry. Furthermore, males who are least likely to marry seem to benefit most from this institution. The influence of marriage on crime is less robust for females, where marriage reduces crime only for those with moderate propensities to marry. We discuss these findings in the context of recent debates concerning gender, criminal offending, and the life course. [source]

Calibration of a measuring robot: Experimental results on a 5 DOF structure

JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS (FORMERLY JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS), Issue 5 2001
Alberto Omodei
An original method for the static calibration of robots using the pose matching approach is presented. Three algorithms for the identification of the structural parameters are investigated. The procedure includes a methodology to automatically remove the unnecessary parameters for the robot under analysis. After a theoretical introduction, the methodology is practically applied to an actual 5 DOF measuring robot used in a shoe manufactory industry. The accuracy of the robot is increased up to its repeatability. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source]

Can Nutritional Label Use Influence Body Weight Outcomes?

KYKLOS INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 4 2009
Andreas C. Drichoutis
SUMMARY Many countries around the world have already mandated, or plan to mandate, the presence of nutrition related information on most pre-packaged food products. Health advocates and lobbyists would like to see similar laws mandating nutrition information in the restaurant and fast-food market as well. In fact, New York City has already taken a step forward and now requires all chain restaurants with 15 or more establishments anywhere in US to show calorie information on their menus and menu board. The benefits were estimated to be as much as 150,000 fewer obese New Yorkers over the next five years. The implied benefits of the presence of nutrition information are that consumers will be able to observe such information and then make informed (and hopefully healthier) food choices. In this study, we use the latest available dataset from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005,2006) to explore whether reading such nutrition information really has an effect on body weight outcomes. In order to deal with the inherent problem of cross-sectional datasets, namely self-selection, and the possible occurrence of reverse causality we use a propensity score matching approach to estimate causal treatment effects. We conducted a series of tests related to variable choice of the propensity score specification, quality of matching indicators, robustness checks, and sensitivity to unobserved heterogeneity, using Rosenbaum bounds to validate our propensity score exercise. Our results generally suggest that reading nutrition information does not affect body mass index. The implications of our findings are also discussed. [source]

Contextual Sources of Ambivalence

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2008
Luke Keele
When will people become ambivalent about politics? One possibility is that the roots of ambivalence lie within the individual, with differences in political knowledge and attitude strength predicting whether a person internalizes the conflicts of politics. Alternately, attitudinal ambivalence could result from structural differences in the way political choices are presented in the wider political environment. We explore the degree to which different environments promote or limit ambivalence using a matching approach in conjunction with a set of multilevel models. We find that campaign environments can induce candidate ambivalence. In presidential elections, campaign efforts promote ambivalence most when competition between partisan campaign efforts is high. In House elections, campaign spending has a direct effect on levels of candidate ambivalence, where a candidate's spending decreases ambivalence about that candidate and increases ambivalence about opponents. [source]

Optimizing image matches via a verification model

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 11 2010
Jimmy Addison Lee
In the literature, we have seen a boom in wide-baseline matching approaches proposed for locating correspondences between images. However, wrong correspondences or the so-called outliers are still rather inevitable, especially in urban environments with the presence of repetitive structures, and/or a large dissimilarity in viewpoints. In this paper, we propose a verification model to optimize the image matching results by significantly reducing the number of outliers. Several geometric and appearance-based measurements are exploited, and conditional probability is used to compute the probability of each true correspondence. The model is validated by extensive experiments on images from the ZuBud database, which are taken in different weather conditions, seasons, and with different cameras. It is also demonstrated on a real-time application of an image-based navigation system. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Job and industry fit: the effects of age and gender matches on career progress outcomes,

JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 7 2004
Caren B. Goldberg
Using a sample of 232 MBA alumni, we tested the impact of respondent age, gender, and their interaction on career progress outcomes (managerial level, number of promotions, and salary) and whether age- and gender-type of contexts moderated these relationships. Women's salaries did not increase much with age, whereas men's salaries showed a marked increase with age. We also found a gender,×,job gender-type effect on salary, such that women earned somewhat higher salaries in masculine-typed jobs, while men earned considerably higher salaries in feminine-typed jobs. In addition, we observed a three-way interaction between gender, age, and age-type of industry indicating that younger men received more promotions in old-typed industries, while younger women received more promotions in young-typed ones. Results are discussed in light of cognitive matching approaches and status characteristics theory. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]