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Masson's Trichrome Staining (masson + trichrome_staining)
Selected AbstractsThree-Dimensional Culture Environments Enhance Osteoblast DifferentiationJOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS, Issue 7 2008Jessica Boehrs BS Abstract Purpose: In previous work from our laboratory, we demonstrated that the three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures developed in simulated microgravity environments enhanced osseous-like aggregate formation and accelerated preosteoblast cell differentiation. Thus, as described here, we hypothesize that aggregate formation and mineralization would occur with fewer than 10 × 106 cells as previously described. Materials and Methods: Human preosteoblastic cells were cultured at different concentrations in a rotary wall vessel to simulate microgravity for 7 days. Aggregate size was assessed, and mineralization and collagen expression detected using Von Kossa and Masson Trichrome staining. Scanning electron microscopy was used for structural and elemental analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression of the osteogenic markers BSPII and osteopontin (OP). Results: Size and calcium expression were dependent upon cultured cell number (p < 0.01). Calcium and collagen expression were detected throughout the aggregate, but organization was independent of cell number. Aggregates had similar microscopic structural patterns demonstrating organized development. Presence of BSPII and OP showed that the aggregates share common differentiation proteins with in vivo bone formation. Conclusions: These results may lead to novel bone engineering techniques associated with dental treatment. [source] Salutary effects of Corydalis yanhusuo extract on cardiac hypertrophy due to pressure overload in ratsJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 8 2007Chengping Wen We have evaluated the effects of an alcohol extract from the rhizome of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. (CY), a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb, on pressure-overloaded cardiac hypertrophy induced by transverse abdominal aorta constriction (TAAC) in rats. Rats were given vehicle or CY extract (200 or 50 mg kg,1 per day) from the second week after induction of pressure overload, for a period of 7 weeks. Haemodynamic parameters, relative heart weight and myocyte cross-sectional area were measured in each group. We also estimated left ventricular (LV) collagen volume fraction (CVF) using Masson trichrome staining, and type I collagen expression by Western blot assay. Chronic TAAC caused notable cardiac hypertrophy and heart dysfunction. Significant collagen deposition and greater type I collagen expression were found in model control rats. These changes were not significantly reversed after treatment with 50 mgkg,1 CY, whereas 200 mgkg,1 significantly improved heart function and prevented cardiac hypertrophy, with parallel reductions in myocardial fibrosis, as evidenced by reduced LV CVF and reduced levels of type I collagen. In conclusion, chronic treatment of rats with CY extract attenuated development of cardiac hypertrophy. [source] Effects of myostatin deletion in aging miceAGING CELL, Issue 5 2009Michael R. Morissette Summary Inhibitors of myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass, are being developed to mitigate aging-related muscle loss. Knock-out (KO) mouse studies suggest myostatin also affects adiposity, glucose handling and cardiac growth. However, the cardiac consequences of inhibiting myostatin remain unclear. Myostatin inhibition can potentiate cardiac growth in specific settings (Morissette et al., 2006), a concern because of cardiac hypertrophy is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Therefore, we examined the systemic and cardiac effects of myostatin deletion in aged mice (27,30 months old). Heart mass increased comparably in both wild-type (WT) and KO mice. Aged KO mice maintained twice as much quadriceps mass as aged WT; however, both groups lost the same percentage (36%) of adult muscle mass. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed increased bone density, mineral content, and area in aged KO vs. aged WT mice. Serum insulin and glucose levels were lower in KO mice. Echocardiography showed preserved cardiac function with better fractional shortening (58.1% vs. 49.4%, P = 0.002) and smaller left ventricular diastolic diameters (3.41 vs. 2.71, P = 0.012) in KO vs. WT mice. Phospholamban phosphorylation was increased 3.3-fold in KO hearts (P < 0.05), without changes in total phospholamban, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a or calsequestrin. Aged KO hearts showed less fibrosis by Masson's Trichrome staining. Thus, myostatin deletion does not affect aging-related increases in cardiac mass and appears beneficial for bone density, insulin sensitivity and heart function in senescent mice. These results suggest that clinical interventions designed to inhibit skeletal muscle mass loss with aging could have beneficial effects on other organ systems as well. [source] Accelerated repair of cortical bone defects using a synthetic extracellular matrix to deliver human demineralized bone matrixJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 7 2006Yanchun Liu Abstract Injectable hydrogel and porous sponge formulations of CarbylanÔ-GSX, a crosslinked synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM), were used to deliver human demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in a rat femoral defect model. A cortical, full-thickness 5-mm defect was created in two femurs of each rat. Six rats were assigned to each of five experimental groups (thus, 12 defects per group). The defects were either untreated or filled with CarbylanÔ-GSX hydrogel or sponges with or without 20% (w/v) DBM. Radiographs were obtained on day 1 and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 postsurgery of each femur. Animals were sacrificed at week 8 postsurgery and each femur was fixed, embedded, sectioned, and processed for Masson's Trichrome staining. The bone defects were measured from radiographs and the fraction of bone healing was calculated. The average fractions of bone healing for each group were statistically different among all groups, and all treatment groups were significantly better than the control group. The CarbylanÔ-GSX sponge with DBM was superior to the sponge without DBM and to the hydrogel with DBM. Histology showed that defects treated with the CarbylanÔ-GSX sponge plus DBM were completely filled with newly generated bone tissue with a thickness comparable to native bone. CarbylanÔ-GSX sponge was an optimal delivery vehicle for human DBM to accelerate bone healing. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 24:1454,1462, 2006 [source] Use of a bioscaffold to improve healing of a patellar tendon defect after graft harvest for ACL reconstruction: A study in rabbitsJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008Sinan Karaoglu Abstract Following harvest of a bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft, the central third of the patellar tendon (PT) does not heal well. The healing tissues also form adhesions to the fat pad and can cause abnormal patellofemoral joint motion. The hypotheses were that a bioscaffold could enhance patellar tendon healing through contact guidance and chemotaxis, and the scaffold could serve as a barrier to decrease adhesion formation between the neo-PT and infrapatellar fat pad. In 20 New Zealand White rabbits, a central-third PT defect was created. One strip of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was attached to both the anterior and posterior sides of the PT defect of the SIS-treated group (n,=,10). For comparison, a central defect was left nontreated (n,=,10). At 12 weeks, histomorphology was examined using Masson's trichrome staining. The cross-sectional area (CSA) was determined with a laser micrometer, and the central BPTB complexes were tested in uniaxial tension. SIS-treated samples showed a greater amount of healing tissue with denser and well-oriented collagen fibers and more spindle-shaped cells. There was no noticeable adhesion formation in the SIS-treated group. For the nontreated group, there were significantly more and diffuse adhesive formations. The SIS-treated group also had a 68% increase in neo-PT CSA, 98% higher stiffness, and 113% higher ultimate load than that in the nontreated group. SIS treatment increased the quantity of healing tissue, improved the histological appearance and biomechanical properties of the neo-PT, and prevented adhesion formation between the PT and fat pad. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:255,263, 2008 [source] Scutellaria baicalensis inhibits liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation or carbon tetrachloride in ratsJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 4 2002Ji-Xing Nan This study was carried out to investigate the antifibrotic effects of methanol extracts from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, on liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation and scission (BDL) or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Liver fibrosis was assessed by histological observations and by measuring levels of liver hydroxy-proline, lipid peroxidation based on malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and serum enzyme activities. The morphological characteristics of liver tissue were examined by Masson's trichrome staining and immunostaining against smooth muscle cell ,-actin. In both models, the levels of hydroxyproline and MDA in liver were significantly increased. Treatment with a methanol extract of S. baicalensis significantly reduced the levels of liver hydroxyproline and MDA, with improved histological findings. In both models, the liver areas positive for smooth muscle cell ,-actin were considerably decreased by treatment with oral methanol extract of S. baicalensis (150 mg kg,1 daily for 28 days). A methanol extract of S. baicalensis root inhibits fibrosis and lipid peroxidation in rat liver induced by BDL or CCl4. [source] Coronary Arteries Angiogenesis in Ischemic Myocardium: Biocompatibility and Biodegradability of Various HydrogelsARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 10 2009Xiaodong Shen Abstract To evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradability of various hydrogels and choose suitable hydrogels for the coronary arteries angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium, we synthesized six kinds of hyaluronan hydrogels, fibrin hydrogel, poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan hydrogel, and obtained elastin hydrogels. We examined their degradation rates and cytotoxicity in vitro. Then, hydrogels were implanted into rat adductor muscles for 1, 2, or 4 weeks. Hydrogels and surrounding tissues were resected, followed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical staining for measurements of degradation, immune response, and angiogenesis. 2-Iminothiolane grafted hyaluronan hydrogel and periodate oxidated hyaluronan hydrogel presented rapid degradation rates, low quantity of inflammation-mediating cells (12 ± 3 and 12 ± 4 per 2.5 × 10,3 mm2, respectively, at week 2), thin fibrous capsules (scores were 3.8 ± 0.1 and 4.0 ± 0.3 per 0.33 mm2, respectively, at week 2) with dense blood vessels in the areas surrounding the implanted hydrogels. 2-Iminothiolane grafted hyaluronan and periodate oxidated hyaluronan hydrogels with appropriate degradation rates and low immune responses were suitable for coronary arteries angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium. [source] | |||||||||||||