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Marked Expression (marked + expression)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Methylprednisolone inhibits the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in reactivated astrocytes

GLIA, Issue 13 2008
Wei-Lin Liu
Abstract Reactive gliosis caused by post-traumatic injury often results in marked expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), which inhibits neurite outgrowth and regeneration. Methylprednisolone (MP), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been shown to have neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects for the treatment of acute spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effect of MP on CSPG expression in reactive glial cells remains unclear. In our study, we induced astrocyte reactivation using ,-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) and cyclothiazide to mimic the excitotoxic stimuli of SCI. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrocyte reactivation, and CSPG neurocan and phosphacan were significantly elevated by AMPA treatment. The conditioned media from AMPA-treated astrocytes strongly inhibited neurite outgrowth of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, and this effect was reversed by pretreatment with MP. Furthermore, MP downregulated GFAP and CSPG expression in adult rats with SCI. Additionally, both the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU486 and GR siRNA reversed the inhibitory effects of MP on GFAP and neurocan expression. Taken together, these results suggest that MP may improve neuronal repair and promote neurite outgrowth after excitotoxic insult via GR-mediated downregulation of astrocyte reactivation and inhibition of CSPG expression. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Altered patterns of the interferon-inducible gene IFI16 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: immunohistochemical study including correlation with retinoblastoma protein, human papillomavirus infection and proliferation index

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2004
B Azzimonti
Aims:, To investigate whether the expression of interferon (IFN)-inducible gene IFI16 is inversely related to proliferative activity in vivo, we compared immunohistochemical reactivity of IFI16 in a series of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) with their proliferation index and the cell cycle regulator pRb. As human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is manifested by changes in the function or expression level of host genes such as IFN-inducible genes, we also investigated the presence of HPV DNA to determine whether head and neck cancers associated with HPV DNA can be distinguished from tumours that are presumably transformed by other mechanisms. Methods:, Thirty-six HNSCCs were evaluated for IFI16, pRb and Ki67 expression by immunohistochemistry. The presence of HPV was also detected by polymerase chain reaction. Nine tumours were located in the oropharynx (tonsillar area) and 27 in the larynx. Results:, HPV DNA was found in 14 of 25 (56%) laryngeal SCCs and in five of nine (56%) tonsillar SCC specimens examined; 17 out of the 19 HPV-DNA-positive cases showed high-grade IFI16 expression. Overall, proliferative activity was significantly related to tumour differentiation and histological grading. IFI16 protein expression was significantly inversely correlated with Ki67 (P = 0.039). Low-proliferating tumours positive for IFI16 staining showed a marked expression of pRb and a better prognosis than those whose tumours had low IFI16, pRb levels and a high proliferation index. Conclusions:, To our knowledge, this is the first expression analysis of the IFN-inducible IFI16 gene in HNSCC. Low-proliferating tumours positive for IFI16 staining showed a marked expression of pRb and a better prognosis than those whose tumours had low IFI16, pRb levels and a high proliferation index. [source]

Immunohistochemical Study of HLA-G Expression in Lung Transplant Recipients

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2009
O Brugière
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), a nonclassical HLA class I protein, promotes immune tolerance of solid-organ allografts, yet its role in lung transplantation (LTx) is unknown. We examined the expression of HLA-G in lung allografts through immunohistochemistry by a cross-sectional study of 64 LTx recipients, classified into four groups (stable patients, acute rejection [AR], bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome [BOS] and symptomatic viral shedders). A marked expression of HLA-G in bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) was frequently observed in stable recipients (n = 18/35 [51%]), but not in patients with AR (n = 14) or with BOS (n = 8). HLA-G was also expressed by 4 of 7 symptomatic viral shedders. In addition, HLA-G-positive patients from the stable group (n = 35) experienced lower incidence of resistant AR and/or BOS during long-term follow-up, as compared with their HLA-G-negative counterparts. Finally, in vitro data showed that interferon-,, a cytokine present in lung allograft microenvironment, upregulated HLA-G mRNA and protein expression in primary cultured human BEC. We conclude that HLA-G expression in the bronchial epithelium of lung allograft is elevated in some LTx recipients in association with their functional stability, suggesting a potential role of HLA-G as a tolerance marker. [source]

Immunoexpression of Cbfa-1/Runx2 and VEGF in sinus lift procedures using bone substitutes in rabbits

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2010
Leandro Soeiro De Souza Nunes
Abstract Objectives: To analyze and compare the expression of core binding factor-1 (Cbfa-1)/Runx2 and vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) in sinus lift procedures using bovine hydroxyapatite (HA) and ,-tricalcium phosphate (,-TCP). Material and Methods: Twenty-four male rabbits that had undergone bilateral sinus lift procedures were divided into three groups, according to the sinus filling material: Group 1: autogenous bone graft; Group 2: bovine HA; and Group 3: ,-TCP. All groups were sacrificed after 7, 14, 30 and 60 days, for microscopic, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results: Microscopic analysis showed a similar bone repair pattern between the tested groups. New bone formation, soft and medular tissue, remaining material or particulate bone graft area were obtained by histomorphometric analysis. After 14 days, statistically significant differences in new bone formation were found between Group 1 (27.76±7.8) and Groups 2 (14.22±3.2) and 3 (11.1±7.7). After 30 days, statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were detected in bone formation between Groups 1 (31.39±36.5) and 2 (14.13±3.2). The last period showed improved bone formation in Group 2. Also, Group 2 showed higher Cbfa-1/Runx2 immunoexpression when compared with Group 3. No remarkable differences were observed in VEGF immunoexpression among groups. Conclusion: Taken together, both biomaterials allowed bone tissue growth in a conductive pattern and did not interfere with bone remodeling in the late period, with a slight improvement in bone tissue formation when using HA, confirmed by marked expression of Cbfa-1 at initial periods. To cite this article: Nunes LSS, De Oliveira RV, Holgado LA, Nary Filho H, Ribeiro DA, Matsumoto MA. Immunoexpression of Cbfa-1/Runx2 in sinus lift procedures using bone substitutes in rabbits. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 584,590. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01858.x [source]