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Many Other Forms (many + other_form)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Effects of fires on butterfly assemblages in lowland dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan

ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 2 2007
Toshiya HIROWATARI
Abstract The post-fire butterfly fauna in lowland dipterocarp forest of the Bukit Soeharto Education Forest (BSEF), East Kalimantan, Indonesia, was assessed during the period November 1998,April 2000 by means of consecutive Malaise trap samples, with supplementary field observations for March,April 1999. A total of 514 butterflies belonging to 61 species and representing six families were caught in the traps. Melanitis leda (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), Charaxes bernardus (Nymphalidae: Charaxinae), and Danaus genutia (Nymphalidae: Danainae) were the species most frequently caught (60, 52 and 47 individuals, respectively), representing 31% of the total. These three species are generalists and "disturbance indicators" for tropical rainforest, being characteristic of disturbed or secondary forests, being distributed widely, and having larvae that feed on a wide range of host plants. In contrast, other species, such as Trogonoptera brookiana and Troides amphrysus, were recorded before the fires but were not recorded again afterwards. The pre- and post-fire butterfly fauna of East Kalimantan were compared on the basis of butterfly specimens deposited in the Tropical Rain Forest Research Center that were collected in and around the Bukit Soeharto Education Forest before the fires (1988,1995). On the basis of the post-fire survey, based on Malaise trap samples and field observations, only 43% of the butterfly species (not including Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae) were confirmed to have persisted. The data suggest that refugia that are not affected by fire are necessary for the conservation of specialist butterflies, as well as many other forms of wildlife. [source]

Trader associations and urban food systems in Ghana: institutionalist approaches to understanding urban collective action

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2003
Fergus Lyon
This article explores the activities and functioning of urban food trader associations in Ghana. These associations are strong indigenous groups of women traders who have been able to sustain cooperation over many years in contrast to many other forms of collective action. They shape urban food systems and link urban consumers with rural producers. The analysis relates the findings to the literature on socio-economics, institutional economics and collective action. Of particular interest are the social relations and networks within associations that allow traders to access informal credit and information with contracts based on trust. The factors that contribute to the ability to sustain collective action are explored. These include leadership structures and acceptance of the authority of market queens by other women traders, as well as the need to have the benefits that come from membership of associations. Cet article porte sur les activités et le fonctionnement d'associations urbaines de commerce alimentaire au Ghana. Il s'agit de puissants groupes autochtones de marchandes qui ont pu préserver une coopération sur de nombreuses années, contrairement à bien d'autres formes d'action collective. Ces associations configurent les systèmes d'approvisionnement des villes, reliant consommateurs urbains et producteurs ruraux. L'analyse rapproche résultats et références documentaires en socio-économie, économie institutionnelle et action collective. On soulignera les relations et réseaux sociaux au sein des associations, lesquels permettent aux commerçantes d'accéder à des sources parallèles d'information et de crédit sur la base de contrats de confiance. L'article étudie les facteurs facilitant la pérennisation d'une action collective, notamment les structures de leadership et la reconnaissance de l'autorité de reines du marché par d'autres commerçantes, ainsi que la nécessité de tirer des avantages de l'appartenance à ces associations. [source]

The Limitations of ,Policy Transfer' and ,Lesson Drawing' for Public Policy Research

POLITICAL STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 2 2003
Oliver James
The concepts of ,lesson drawing' and ,policy transfer' have become increasingly influential ways of understanding public policy, especially in the UK. However, the main proponents of the concepts, Rose for ,lesson drawing' and Dolowitz and Marsh for ,policy transfer', have difficulty in providing convincing answers to three questions that are important for them and those engaged in similar studies. First, can they be defined as distinctive forms of policy- making separate from other, more conventional, forms? ,Lesson drawing' is very similar to conventional accounts of ,rational' policy-making and ,policy transfer' is very difficult to define distinctly from many other forms of policy-making. Second, why does ,lesson drawing' and ,policy transfer' occur rather than some other form of policy-making? The proponents of ,policy transfer' put a set of diverse and conflicting theories under a common framework, obscuring differences between them. Third, what are the effects of ,lesson drawing' and ,policy transfer' on policy-making and how do they compare to other processes? Whilst the effect of more ,lesson drawing' seems to be more ,rational' policy-making, the effect of ,policy transfer' on policy ,success' and ,failure' is less clear. Dolowitz and Marsh redescribe aspects of ,failure' as different forms of ,transfer' rather than giving independent reasons for outcomes based on features of transfer processes. Overall, particularly in the case of ,policy transfer', researchers may be better off selecting from a range of alternative approaches than limiting themselves to these conceptual frameworks. [source]

Almost-anywhere theories: Reductionism and universality of emergence

COMPLEXITY, Issue 6 2010
Ignazio Licata
Abstract Here, we aim to show that reductionism and emergence play a complementary role in understanding natural processes and in the dynamics of science explanation. In particular, we will show that the renormalization group,one of the most refined tools of Theoretical Physics,allows to understand the importance of emergent processes' role in Nature identifying them as universal organization processes, that is, they are scale independent. We can use the syntaxes of Quantum Field Theory and the processes of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking as a trans-disciplinary theoretical scenario for many other forms of complexity, especially the biological and cognitive ones. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2010 [source]