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Management Technologies (management + technology)
Selected AbstractsMuseums and Digital Rights Management TechnologiesMUSEUM INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2002Rina Elster Pantalony [source] Applying content management to automated provenance captureCONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION: PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE, Issue 5 2008Karen L. Schuchardt Abstract Workflows and data pipelines are becoming increasingly valuable to computational and experimental sciences. These automated systems are capable of generating significantly more data within the same amount of time compared to their manual counterparts. Automatically capturing and recording data provenance and annotation as part of these workflows are critical for data management, verification, and dissemination. We have been prototyping a workflow provenance system, targeted at biological workflows, that extends our content management technologies and other open source tools. We applied this prototype to the provenance challenge to demonstrate an end-to-end system that supports dynamic provenance capture, persistent content management, and dynamic searches of both provenance and metadata. We describe our prototype, which extends the Kepler system for the execution environment, the Scientific Annotation Middleware (SAM) content management software for data services, and an existing HTTP-based query protocol. Our implementation offers several unique capabilities, and through the use of standards, is able to provide access to the provenance record with a variety of commonly available client tools. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The impact of manager philosophy on knowledge management systemsINTELLIGENT SYSTEMS IN ACCOUNTING, FINANCE & MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2010Daniel E. O'Leary Abstract This paper analyses how information about managers and technology can be used to provide those managers with a system that is congruent with their needs. In particular, using McGregor's Theories X and Y philosophies, managerial needs are elicited and then contemporary knowledge management technologies, including intelligent agents, and the way they are implemented, are analysed to determine how they meet those manager needs. Different knowledge management technologies are found to be important to manifesting the requirements of particular management philosophies. For example, ,Theory X' appears consistent with use of intelligent agents to ,monitor' behaviour. This leads to the concept of ,technology congruence', where the choice of the technology ultimately is tied to which view of the world the manager employs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A feasibility study of using thermal energy storage in a conventional air-conditioning systemINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 11 2004M. M. Hussain Abstract An Erratum has been published for this article in International Journal of Energy Research 2004; 28 (13): 1213. This paper deals with the simulation of thermal energy storage (TES) system for HVAC applications. TES is considered to be one of the most preferred demand side management technologies for shifting cooling electrical demand from peak daytime hours to off peak night hours. TES is incorporated into the conventional HVAC system to store cooling capacity by chilling ethylene glycol, which is used as a storage medium. The thermodynamic performance is assessed using exergy and energy analyses. The effects of various parameters such as ambient temperature, cooling load, and mass of storage are studied on the performance of the TES. A full storage cycle, with charging, storing and discharging stages, is considered. In addition, energy and exergy analysis of the TES is carried out for system design and optimization. The temperature in the storage is found to be as low as 6.4°C after 1 day of charging without load for a mass of 250 000 kg. It is found that COP of the HVAC system increases with the decrease of storage temperature. Energy efficiency of the TES is found to be 80% for all the mass flow rate of the discharging fluid, whereas exergy efficiency varies from 14 to 0.5%. This is in fact due to the irreversibilities in a TES process destroy a significant amount of the input exergy, and the TES exergy efficiencies therefore become always lower than the corresponding energy efficiencies. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Systematic review of the effectiveness of integrated care pathways: what works, for whom, in which circumstances?INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE BASED HEALTHCARE, Issue 2 2009Davina Allen RGN BA(Hons) PhD Abstract Aim, Integrated care pathways (ICP) are management technologies which formalise multidisciplinary team-working and enable professionals to examine their roles and responsibilities. ICPs are now being implemented across international healthcare arena, but evidence to support their use is equivocal. The aim of this study was to identify the circumstances in which ICPs are effective, for whom and in what contexts. Methods, A systematic review of high-quality randomised controlled trials published between 1980 and 2008 (March) evaluating ICP use in child and adult populations in the full range of healthcare settings. Results 1For relatively predictable trajectories of care ICPs can be effective in supporting proactive care management and ensuring that patients receive relevant clinical interventions and/or assessments in a timely manner. This can lead to improvements in service quality and service efficiency without adverse consequences for patients. 2ICPs are an effective mechanism for promoting adherence to guidelines or treatment protocols thereby reducing variation in practice. 3ICPs can be effective in improving documentation of treatment goals, documentation of communication with patients, carers and health professionals. 4ICPs can be effective in improving physician agreement about treatment options. 5ICPs can be effective in supporting decision-making when they incorporate a decision-aide. 6The evidence considered in this review indicates that ICPs may be particularly effective in changing professional behaviours in the desired direction, where there is scope for improvement or where roles are new. 7Even in contexts in which health professionals are already experienced with a particular pathway, ICP use brings additional beneficial effects in directing professional practice in the desired direction. 8ICPs may be less effective in bringing about service quality and efficiency gains in variable patient trajectories. 9ICPs may be less effective in bringing about quality improvements in circumstances in which services are already based on best evidence and multidisciplinary working is well established. 10Depending on their purpose, the benefits of ICPs may be greater for certain patient subgroups than others. 11We do not know whether the costs of ICP development and implementation are justified by any of their reported benefits. 12ICPs may need supporting mechanisms to underpin their implementation and ensure their adoption in practice, particularly in circumstances in which ICP use is a significant change in organisational culture. 13ICP documentation can introduce scope for new kinds of error. Conclusions, ICPs are most effective in contexts where patient care trajectories are predictable. Their value in settings in which recovery pathways are more variable is less clear. ICPs are most effective in bringing about behavioural changes where there are identified deficiencies in services; their value in contexts where inter-professional working is well established is less certain. None of the studies reviewed included an economic evaluation and thus it is not known whether their benefits justify the costs of their implementation. [source] Broadband Internet network management software platform and systems in KTINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 6 2006Jae-Hyoung Yoo The high penetration rate of Internet access services in Korea has created an operational environment that is different from those of other countries, and thus the level of customer needs takes on different aspects. To meet the operational environment, customer needs and rapid time to market requirements, Korea Telecom (KT) developed a scalable and flexible Internet network management system software (NMS S/W) platform, on which many NMSs have been implemented. This paper introduces KT's Internet network architecture, broadband services and operational environment. It also presents the software architecture of the NMS platform and application functions of major NMSs that are implemented on the platform. Furthermore, the future perspective of KT's network management technologies is described. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Pectin and acrylamide based hydrogels for environment management technologies: Synthesis, characterization, and metal ions sorptionJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2007Ghanshyam S. Chauhan Abstract The present article describes various aspects of preparation and characterization of hydrogels based on pectin and three different amide monomers viz: acrylamide (AAm), N -isopropyl acrylamide (N -i-PAAm), and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AAmPSA). Hydrogels have been prepared by graft copolymerization as well as in the presence of crosslinker N,N -Methylene bisacrylamide ((N,N -MBAAm) and initiated by redox system comprising of ammonium peroxysulphate,ferrous ammonium sulfate (APS: FAS) at two temperatures. Hydrogels thus synthesized have been characterized by SEM, FTIR, and water uptake studies. The later has been carried as a function of time, temperature, pH, crosslinker concentration, and temperature at which the hydrogels were prepared. Candidate hydrogels have been used for the sorption of some common metal ions pollutants found in soil, industrial, and mining water bodies. Biodegradability studies have been carried by soil burial method to investigate the effect of chemical modification on biodegradability of pectin and to understand the possibility of eco-friendly nature and to explore the scope of reusability of the hydrogels and waste minimization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007 [source] B-KIDE: a framework and a tool for business process-oriented knowledge infrastructure developmentKNOWLEDGE AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE JOURNAL OF CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION, Issue 3 2005Markus Strohmaier The need for an effective management of knowledge is gaining increasing recognition in today's economy. To acknowledge this fact, new promising and powerful technologies have emerged from industrial and academic research. With these innovations maturing, organizations are increasingly willing to adapt such new knowledge management technologies to improve their knowledge-intensive businesses. However, the successful application in given business contexts is a complex, multidimensional challenge and a current research topic. Therefore, this contribution addresses this challenge and introduces a framework for the development of business process-supportive, technological knowledge infrastructures. While business processes represent the organizational setting for the application of knowledge management technologies, knowledge infrastructures represent a concept that can enable knowledge management in organizations. The B-KIDE Framework introduced in this work provides support for the development of knowledge infrastructures that comprise innovative knowledge management functionality and are visibly supportive of an organization's business processes. The developed B-KIDE Tool eases the application of the B-KIDE Framework for knowledge infrastructure developers. Three empirical studies that were conducted with industrial partners from heterogeneous industry sectors corroborate the relevance and viability of the introduced concepts. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Producer Willingness to Pay for Precision Application Technology: Implications for Government and the Technology IndustryCANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 1 2003Darren Hudson This paper focuses on the willingness to pay (WTP) for precision application/site-specific management technologies on the part of agricultural producers. We use a contingent valuation survey to elicit WTP for a package of technologies and examine the impact of government subsidies on potential demand. Results suggest that producer WTP is significantly lower than current technology prices, necessitating a 60% government subsidy to induce adoption, on average. Agronomic factors such as soil characteristic variability and soil quality are important determinants of WTP. In addition, how well the technology integrates into current farming practices and equipment also appears important. Les auteurs s'intéressent à la volonté des agriculteurs de payer pour des applications de précision ou des technologies de gestion adaptées à l'exploitation. Ils recourent à une étude d'évaluation des contingences pour jauger la volonté de payer un ensemble de technologies et pour préciser l'incidence des subventions gouvernementales sur la demande potentielle. Les résultats laissent croire que la volonté de payer est sensiblement plus faible que le coût actuel de la technologie, de sorte que l'adoption d'une technologie requiert une subvention publique de 60 %, en moyenne. Les paramètres agronomiques comme la variabilité des propriétés et la qualité du sol jouent un rôle important dans la volonté de payer. Enfin, la manière dont une technologie s'intègre aux pratiques agricoles et au matériel existants paraît aussi avoir son importance en la matière. [source] Measuring and modelling the performance of a parallel ODMG compliant object database serverCONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION: PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE, Issue 1 2006Sandra de F. Mendes Sampaio Abstract Object database management systems (ODBMSs) are now established as the database management technology of choice for a range of challenging data intensive applications. Furthermore, the applications associated with object databases typically have stringent performance requirements, and some are associated with very large data sets. An important feature for the performance of object databases is the speed at which relationships can be explored. In queries, this depends on the effectiveness of different join algorithms into which queries that follow relationships can be compiled. This paper presents a performance evaluation of the Polar parallel object database system, focusing in particular on the performance of parallel join algorithms. Polar is a parallel, shared-nothing implementation of the Object Database Management Group (ODMG) standard for object databases. The paper presents an empirical evaluation of queries expressed in the ODMG Query Language (OQL), as well as a cost model for the parallel algebra that is used to evaluate OQL queries. The cost model is validated against the empirical results for a collection of queries using four different join algorithms, one that is value based and three that are pointer based. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] High-confidence control: Ensuring reliability in high-performance real-time systemsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 4 2004Tariq Samad Technology transfer is an especially difficult proposition for real-time control. To facilitate it, we need to complement the "high-performance" orientation of control research with an emphasis on establishing "high confidence" in real-time implementation. Two particular problems are discussed and recent research directed at their solutions is presented. First, the use of anytime algorithms requires dynamic resource management technology that generally is not available today in real-time systems. Second, complex algorithms have unpredictable computational characteristics that, nevertheless, need to be modeled; statistical verification is suggested as a possible approach. In both cases, a synthesis of control engineering and computer science is required if effective solutions are to be devised. Simulation-based demonstrations with uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) serve to illustrate the research efforts. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||