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Management Purposes (management + purpose)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	33%

Selected Abstracts

Estimating uncertainty in fish stock assessment and forecasting

FISH AND FISHERIES, Issue 2 2001
Kenneth Patterson
Abstract A variety of tools are available to quantify uncertainty in age-structured fish stock assessments and in management forecasts. These tools are based on particular choices for the underlying population dynamics model, the aspects of the assessment considered uncertain, and the approach for assessing uncertainty (Bayes, frequentist or likelihood). The current state of the art is advancing rapidly as a consequence of the availability of increased computational power, but there remains little consistency in the choices made for assessments and forecasts. This can be explained by several factors including the specifics of the species under consideration, the purpose for which the analysis is conducted and the institutional framework within which the methods are developed and used, including the availability and customary usage of software tools. Little testing of either the methods or their assumptions has yet been done. Thus, it is not possible to argue either that the methods perform well or perform poorly or that any particular conditioning choices are more appropriate in general terms than others. Despite much recent progress, fisheries science has yet to identify a means for identifying appropriate conditioning choices such that the probability distributions which are calculated for management purposes do adequately represent the probabilities of eventual real outcomes. Therefore, we conclude that increased focus should be placed on testing and carefully examining the choices made when conducting these analyses, and that more attention must be given to examining the sensitivity to alternative assumptions and model structures. Provision of advice concerning uncertainty in stock assessments should include consideration of such sensitivities, and should use model-averaging methods, decision tables or management procedure simulations in cases where advice is strongly sensitive to model assumptions. [source]

Fetal gender determination in early first trimester pregnancies of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by fluorescent PCR analysis of maternal serum

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2003
Daniel F. Jimenez
Abstract:, Non-human primate fetal gender determination can be a powerful tool for research study design and colony management purposes. The recent discovery of the presence of fetal DNA in maternal serum has offered a new non-invasive approach for identification of fetal gender. We present a rapid and simple method for the sexing of developing rhesus monkeys in the first trimester by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of maternal serum. Serum samples were obtained from 72 gravid rhesus monkeys during 20,32 days of gestation (term 165 ± 10 days). Fetal gender and the quantity of circulating fetal DNA were determined by real-time PCR analysis of the rhesus Y-chromosomal DNA sequences. The sensitivity for identifying a male fetus was 100% by 30 days gestation, and no false-positive results were observed. This study demonstrates that fetal gender can be reliably determined in the early first trimester from maternal serum samples, a non-invasive method for routine gender screening. [source]

Microsatellite loci isolated from the Caribbean coral, Montastraea annularis

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 1 2004
E. G. Severance
Abstract We report the isolation and characterization of seven microsatellite loci from the Caribbean reef-building coral, Montastraea annularis. All loci are polymorphic with allele numbers ranging from five to 31 and observed heterozygosities from 0.17 to 0.89. These loci can be used in assessing gene flow patterns and diversity of this stony coral species both for local coral reef management purposes as well as for elucidating population connectivity within the greater Caribbean basin. These markers should also be applicable to other species of Montastraea and for resolving taxonomic relationships within the M. annularis species complex. [source]

Novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for the common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus)

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 4 2003
Andreja Ram
Abstract Details of six highly polymorphic dinucleotide and one highly polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers are provided for Pagellus erythrinus. These markers are highly polymorphic, with an expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.713 to 0.959 and allele numbers ranging from seven to 36. These microsatellite markers should help determine population genetic structure and fisheries stocks for management purposes. [source]

Review article: Use of renal registry data for research, health-care planning and quality improvement: What can we learn from registry data in the Asia,Pacific region?

NEPHROLOGY, Issue 8 2008
TECK-ONN LIM
SUMMARY: We review renal registry data from the Asia,Pacific region with an emphasis on their uses in health care and in dialysis care in particular. The review aims to demonstrate the information value of registry data. While renal registry provides a useful data resource for epidemiological research, there are severe methodological limitations in its application for analytical or therapeutic research. However, it is the use of renal registry data for public health and health-care management purposes that registry really comes into its own, and it is primarily for these that governments have invested in national patient and disease registries. We apply data from several renal registries in the Asia,Pacific region to illustrate its wide application for planning dialysis services, for evaluating dialysis practices and health outcomes, with a view to improving the quality of dialysis care. In the course of preparing the review, we have found that the quality and accessibility of renal registry data were highly variable across the region. Given the value of renal registry, every country in the Asia,Pacific region should establish one or should ensure that their current registries are better resourced and developed. Greater data sharing and collaboration among registries in the region could help advance the nephrology to serve our patients better. [source]

Das Handelsblatt Ökonomen-Ranking 2007: Eine kritische Beurteilung

PERSPEKTIVEN DER WIRTSCHAFTSPOLITIK, Issue 3 2008
Robert Hofmeister
It is, however, not suited for management purposes because the employed evaluation method gives rise to dysfunctional incentives. The research productivities derived by the Handelsblatt method, moreover, turn out to be biased. The Committee for Research Monitoring of the Verein für Socialpolitik makes use of an established bibliometric method that is not afflicted with these shortcomings. We show how selected results are altered when instead of the standard method various aspects of the Handelsblatt method are applied. [source]