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Management Concepts (management + concept)
Selected AbstractsEnvironmental issues related to end-of-life options of plastics containing brominated flame retardantsFIRE AND MATERIALS, Issue 5 2004Lein Tange Abstract Bromine is used as the building block for some of the most effective flame retarding agents available to the plastics industry today. They are used to protect against the risk of accidental fires in a wide range of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE). Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), as all flame retardants, act to decrease the risk of fire by increasing the fire resistance of the materials in which they are applied. There is a perception that BFRs affect adversely the end-of-life management of plastics through formation of Polybrominated Dibenzo Dioxins and Dibenzo Furans (PBDD/F). In fact, there exists a wide range of data and practical experience demonstrating that the end-of-life management of plastics containing BFRs is fully compliant with legislation setting the strictest limit values for PBDD/F and is fully compatible with an integrated waste management concept. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] BPR implementation in Europe: the adaptation of a management conceptNEW TECHNOLOGY, WORK AND EMPLOYMENT, Issue 1 2006Eneka Albizu This paper analyses Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) implementation in 20 European firms. In contrast with the radical postulates of the early orthodox literature, the find- ings reveal that BPR was used in a preventive way, with implementation time lengths directly related to the scope of the organisational changes attempted and generating moderately positive results according to corporate performance indicators, with relatively low social cost. [source] Improving the management of concurrent new product development using process modelling and analysisR & D MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2001Badr Haque This paper focuses on how process modelling and analysis using ,light weight' technology1 supported by focused group discussions and workshops can improve the ,concurrence' and integration within the New Product Development process. This enables managers to improve the management of product design and development through a better understanding of the issues. The paper argues that the traditional changes in human resource management via introduction of multifunctional/collocated teams required by Concurrent New Product Development (CNPD) can be complemented by the introduction of process management, focused on the modelling and analysis of the ,softer' organisational issues. A case study of a domestic appliance manufacturer, developing a new product using a collocated product development team, is described to verify the research. The paper concludes by discussing the issues that emerge from this type of approach to performance improvement in NPD management, such as involvement of all team functions, senior management commitment, standardisation of processes, and training in the process management concept including modelling and analysis techniques. The approach proposed allows one to make both tangible benefits, in terms of cost, delivery (lead times) and quality, and intangible benefits, in terms of communication, people empowerment, motivation, and collaboration. [source] IP-driven access-independent resource management in converged access networksBELL LABS TECHNICAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2007Markus Bauer A key requirement on future networks is to provide the user with seamless broadband access for triple-play services via any available access technology with high end-to-end quality of service. In this paper we propose a novel resource management concept on the network layer that utilizes service- and user-specific cross-layer metrics to control the resources in an all-Internet Protocol (IP) access network optimally via IP mechanisms such as routing and traffic engineering. We interpret any link, wireless or wireline, as an IP-hop in an all-IP network where major lower layer information is included in such metrics. This approach turns out to be access technology,independent, leading to a unified resource management concept in a "converged" wireline/wireless environment. With this proposal, we leverage flat IP-based cellular architectures like the Alcatel-Lucent Base Station Router (BSR) technologies and show how wireless and wireline access nodes can be integrated into future converged all-IP networks. The paper is based on results from ScaleNet, a European research initiative that is dedicated to advancing a vision of a scalable and flexible next-generation access network that provides an IP-optimized integration of heterogeneous access systems for future broadband multimedia services. © 2007 Alcatel-Lucent. [source] A change process imbued with an Eastern ethos revitalizes an Indian businessGLOBAL BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE, Issue 3 2005Edwina Pio In the rush to outsource to developing countries, global corporations would do well to understand,and leverage,the cultural differences they are likely to encounter in their offshore alliances. In a story of East meets West, the author describes how the marriage of progressive management concepts with uniquely Eastern values and mental models enabled an Indian firm to improve its processes, quality, and productivity in a quest to assure its own long-term viability and provide better value to its global partners. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] A review of the GOLD guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPDINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 8 2008L. Fromer Summary Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death in the USA, and represents a major health, social and economic burden. COPD is underdiagnosed and often misdiagnosed, which likely contributes to the continuing increases in the prevalence, morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. This is unfortunate because whereas COPD cannot be cured, it can be treated effectively, particularly during the earlier stages of the disease. Evidence-based guidelines, developed to assist in the prevention, diagnosis and management of COPD, are available to healthcare professionals interested in learning more about COPD. These guidelines are updated and revised on a regular basis to reflect recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of and treatments available for COPD. Nevertheless, primary-care physicians have reported a lack of awareness of the fundamental concepts underpinning the optimal treatment and management of COPD presented in the guidelines. Thus, the objective of this article is to summarise key physiologic, diagnostic and management concepts provided in the most recent update of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, which were published in November 2006. [source] High-yielding capacity building in irrigation system management: targeting managers and operators,,IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE, Issue 3 2008Thierry Facon développement des capacités; gestion du système; Asie Abstract Irrigation management is facing complex challenges evolving with the transformation of agriculture, competition over resources, environmental concerns, without forgetting the critical objective of food production. Managers are ill prepared to meet these challenges and the FAO called for and initiated a massive retraining programme of engineers and managers on irrigation system modernization to address these issues, starting in Asia. Results from this first generation of interventions confirmed the lack of success of many investments and institutional reforms, gaps in capacity and training and the potential for achieving significant improvements at minimal cost by focusing on system operation. The FAO prepared new guidelines for improving system operation and management (MASSCOTE) based on service-oriented management concepts, tested them through training workshops in Nepal, India and China and is disseminating them through a second-generation training programme building on first- generation knowledge synthesis. This paper presents the FAO's strategic approach to capacity building on service-oriented management. It builds on the major lessons drawn from past programmes and is based on three interrelated thrusts: at the system, state and regional/global levels. Concepts, methodologies, lessons learned on upscaling to policy and long-term investment planning, limitations and conditions for success and future programme development are discussed. Copyright © 2008 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. La gestion de l'irrigation est confrontée à des défis complexes en évolution avec la transformation de l'agriculture, la concurrence sur les ressources, les préoccupations environnementales, sans oublier l'objectif critique de la production alimentaire. Les gestionnaires sont mal préparés pour répondre à ces défis et la FAO a lancé un vaste programme de nouvelle formation des ingénieurs et cadres sur la modernisation des systèmes d'irrigation pour traiter ces questions, en commençant par l'Asie. Les résultats de cette première génération d'interventions ont confirmé le manque de succès de beaucoup d'investissements et de réformes institutionnelles, les lacunes dans les capacités et la formation et les possibilités de parvenir à des améliorations significatives à peu de frais en se concentrant sur le fonctionnement du système. La FAO a élaboré de nouveaux guides pour améliorer l'exploitation et la gestion des systèmes (MASSCOTE) basés sur les concepts de service, les a testés par des ateliers de formation au Népal, en Inde et en Chine et les a diffusés par une deuxième génération de programmes de formation s'appuyant sur la synthèse des connaissances de première génération. Cet article présente l'approche stratégique de la FAO pour le renforcement des capacités de gestion orientée sur le service. Il s'appuie sur les principaux enseignements tirés des précédents programmes et repose sur trois axes étroitement liés: au niveau du système, de l'état et régional/mondial. Les concepts, les méthodes, les leçons apprises sur les politiques et la planification des investissements à long terme, les limites et les conditions du succès, et le développement des programmes futurs sont discutés. Copyright © 2008 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] From philosophy to action: accomplishing harmonious coexistence between man and flood,,IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE, Issue 3 2006Liu Ning maîtrise des inondations/réduction des dommages et irrigation/drainage; dégâts des inondations; coexistence harmonieuse entre l'homme et l'inondation Abstract This paper briefly introduces the situation of flood, drought and waterlogging disasters in China. The close relations between flood control/disaster mitigation and irrigation/drainage are presented. By analysing the characteristics of flooding disasters in China, an understanding of flooding disasters is presented. Finally, in combination with current exploration and practice of new water management concepts, the philosophies and countermeasures for flood control and disaster mitigation are presented. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cet article présente brièvement la situation des catastrophes liées aux inondations, aux sècheresses et aux engorgement de sols en Chine. Les relations étroites entre maî;trise des inondations et réductions des dommages, d'une part, et irrigation et drainage, d'autre part, y sont présentées. L'analyse des caractéristiques des inondations en Chine permet de mieux les comprendre. En conclusion, en combinaison avec les nouveaux concepts de gestion de l'eau, les philosophies et les pratiques de la gestion des inondations et de la réduction de leurs dommages sont présentées. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Toward the Validation of BaPERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2003Craig L. Burton ABSTRACT HPT practitioners have found knowledge management concepts a useful way of thinking about information "root causes" in analyzing performance deficits. Nonaka and Konno (1998) have offered their theory of "ba," or "space," suggesting that particular environments facilitate the "conversion" of particular types of knowledge. Constructing environments where particular forms of knowledge are transferred among groups of individuals is naturally appealing as it offers the HPT consultant the opportunity to create interventions to disseminate social or group understandings. In this study we argue that the validity of the theory needs to be tested in natural settings in order to give credence to its utility and bring more precision to the prescriptions. This study focuses on the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge, or "interacting ba." Three corporate groups were observed as they collaborated to develop instructional, Web-based stories intended to capture their tacit organizational understandings. The investigators used a comparative case study method to investigate three design retreats. A reasonable level of support was created for the theory. [source] Quality management and Juran's legacyQUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2007Soren Bisgaard Abstract Quality management provides the framework for the industrial application of statistical quality control, design of experiments, quality improvement and reliability methods. It is therefore helpful for quality engineers and statisticians to be familiar with basic quality management principles. In this article we discuss Dr Joseph M. Juran's important contributions to modern quality management concepts, principles and models. Many people have contributed to modern quality management. However, through his extensive writings covering more than six decades, Juran has managed to distill and synthesize the subject. He has provided us with a coherent framework and terminology and anticipated many of the principles that subsequently became incorporated under the Six Sigma umbrella. We briefly outline Juran's framework and discuss a number of key contributions he has made to the subject of managing for quality. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Disruptive technologies, stakeholders and the innovation value-added chain: a framework for evaluating radical technology developmentR & D MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2005Jeremy K. Hall Contemporary frameworks for evaluating technological innovations contend that innovative success is dependent upon the ability of firms to acquire and assimilate new knowledge without disrupting value chain members such as suppliers, customers and complementary innovators. These frameworks, however, provide little advice on how to deal with radical, controversial innovations that may also introduce new undesirable environmental, health, and social side affects. In addition to technological, commercial and organisational uncertainties, the developers of such technology typically must resolve social uncertainties, a particularly difficult activity because of the added complexities and often conflicting and/or difficult-to-reconcile concerns from secondary stakeholders. Attempts must be made to address the potential unintended and unforeseen consequences of the technology, as well as its potential benefits, if it is to be successfully applied. Using Monsanto's development of agricultural biotechnology as an illustration, we suggest an evaluation framework that incorporates stakeholder theory, innovation management concepts and Popper's evolutionary learning methodology of science and its extension to social issues. [source] Explaining the Diffusion of Knowledge Management: The Role of FashionBRITISH JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2001Harry Scarbrough This paper provides evidence on the emergence and diffusion of the discourse of knowledge management. A literature review of the knowledge management and learning organization literatures demonstrates the lack of learning from one discourse to another and major differences in the concerns and issues that they address. At the same time, evidence on the level of interest in each discourse shows a tendency towards a normal curve distribution. Analytically, these findings suggest that the widespread diffusion of knowledge management might be explained in terms of the management fashion model. However, further consideration of the professionally-differentiated appropriation of knowledge management concepts by the information systems and human resource communities suggests that the fashion model provides only a partial explanation for the observed diffusion of knowledge management. [source] Sustainable tourism in Greek islands: the integration of activity-based environmental management with a destination environmental scorecard based on the adaptive resource management paradigmBUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Issue 1 2010Benjamin Karatzoglou Abstract Tourism is a major industry that can lead to economic gains as well as to degraded environment and social infrastructure. Tourism has the potential to destroy the available common environmental resources through overuse and poor management practices, as limited information disclosure and poor monitoring of actions encourage the perpetuation and extension of environmental problems. Based on the adaptive resource management paradigm for addressing problems related to the use of the commons, this paper suggests a methodology for the development of a management tool that can provide island hotels with a continuous flow of timely, relevant, accurate and objective information on the environmental impact of critical corporate activities. The tool, named the destination environmental scorecard (DES), draws on activity-based management concepts and can help local hotel SMEs measure and compare their performance against certain standards and thus conduct operations in a responsible and measurable way to the benefit of both business financial performance and regional sustainability. The paper presents the DES operational characteristics and the potential benefits from its implementation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] | |||||||||||||