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Management Behaviour (management + behaviour)
Selected AbstractsManagement Behaviour as Social Capital: A Systematic Analysis of Organizational EthnographiesBRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 1 2005Randy Hodson This article explores managerial behaviour as a potential source of social capital in the workplace. Using content-coded data from the full population of organizational ethnographies (N = 204), we explore facets of workplace behaviours and relations that have been difficult to evaluate using survey-based techniques. Analysing ethnographic-based data with multivariate techniques, we find that competent management leadership, in particular, has widespread and significant effects on important workplace outcomes such as job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behaviour, and co-worker infighting. The findings highlight the value of cross-methods techniques for evaluating and extending existing workplace theories. [source] Sovereign Wealth Funds: Stylized Facts about their Determinants and Governance,INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, Issue 3 2009Joshua Aizenman Concerns about the implications of foreign investments by sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) stem in large part from apprehensions about the objectives and governance quality of these institutions. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the stylized facts of SWFs by providing a statistical analysis of a range of characteristics of SWFs, including the motivation for their establishment as well as their size, governance and effect on reserve management behaviour. Specifically, it estimates what factors foster the establishment of SWFs as well as affect their size. It also investigates the extent to which the governance and transparency of individual SWFs correlate with domestic and global governance practices. Lastly, it analyses how asset accumulation by SWFs may affect central bank holdings of official reserves. [source] Boards of Directors and Shark Repellents:Assessing the Value of an Agency Theory PerspectiveJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 3 2000Steven A. Frankforter Because shark repellents decrease the vulnerability of firms (and their incumbent managers) to the market for corporate control, the decision to adopt these devices represents an excellent test of agency theory. In this empirical study, we examined the relationships between the adoption of shark repellents and several mechanisms that, according to agency theory, should align the interests of corporate board members and shareholders and/or make directors more effective monitors of management behaviour. Of the variables included, only board stock ownership (especially by employee directors) was linked to a reduced propensity to adopt shark repellents in the predicted manner. Two variables not immediately as- sociated with agency theory , the proportion of inside directors appointed by the incumbent chief executive officer (CEO) and a lower ratio of CEO compensation to the compensation of other top executives , were linked to higher rates of shark repellent adoption. Given that agency theory explains relatively little of the variance in shark repellent adoption, we advocate serious consideration of other theoretical formulations for corporate governance, including two approaches , stewardship theory and agent morality , that take the moral (,other regarding') obligations of directors seriously. [source] Airway management behaviour, experience and knowledge among Danish anaesthesiologists , room for improvementACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 9 2001M. S. Kristensen Background: Problems with managing the airways in relation to anaesthesia causes severe morbidity and mortality. A large proportion of these adverse respiratory events is preventable. Still patients continue to die from airway disasters related to anaesthesia, also in Scandinavia. The goal of this study is to identify which efforts are likely to improve this situation. Methods: A questionnaire asking about experience, behaviour and availability of various items of equipment was mailed to all members of the Danish Society of Anaesthesiologists and were returned anonymously. Results: More than 65% of respondents have sufficient access to a flexible fibrescope, but still 17% of specialists have no access and the vast majority (>67%) has little (1,10 times) or no experience in its use for awake intubation. A total of 52,70% knew the basic principles of the ASA difficult airway algorithm, but despite this only 25,50% would perform awake intubation if a difficult intubation was expected. More than 20% of respondents had experienced preventable airway management mishaps. In all, 18,46% did not know how to oxygenate via the cricothyroid membrane. Conclusion: There is room for improvement regarding airway management skills among Danish anaesthesiologists. It is likely that airway management can be improved by: A) Better knowledge of an appropriate plan, algorithm, for airway management. B) Awake intubation used more often. C) More experience in fibreoptic intubation. D) All anaesthesiologists accepting that previous difficult intubation is an indicator of future difficulties. E) All anaesthesiologists knowing, and practising on manikins, how to oxygenate via the cricothyroid membrane. F) Always having a laryngeal mask airway immediately available when inducing anaesthesia. [source] Lifestyle behaviours and weight among hospital-based nursesJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 7 2009JANE M. ZAPKA ScD Aims, The purpose of this study was to (i) describe the weight, weight-related perceptions and lifestyle behaviours of hospital-based nurses, and (ii) explore the relationship of demographic, health, weight and job characteristics with lifestyle behaviours. Background, The obesity epidemic is widely documented. Worksite initiatives have been advocated. Nurses represent an important part of the hospital workforce and serve as role models when caring for patients. Methods, A sample of 194 nurses from six hospitals participated in anthropometric measurements and self-administered surveys. Results, The majority of nurses were overweight and obese, and some were not actively involved in weight management behaviours. Self-reported health, diet and physical activity behaviours were low, although variable by gender, age and shift. Reports of co-worker norms supported low levels of healthy behaviours. Conclusions, Findings reinforce the need to address the hospital environment and culture as well as individual behaviours for obesity control. Implications for nursing management, Nurse managers have an opportunity to consider interventions that promote a climate favourable to improved health habits by facilitating and supporting healthy lifestyle choices (nutrition and physical activity) and environmental changes. Such efforts have the potential to increase productivity and morale and decrease work-related disabilities and improve quality of life. [source] Simulation as a tool to improve the safety of pre-hospital anaesthesia , a pilot study,ANAESTHESIA, Issue 9 2009A. J. Batchelder Summary We conducted a pilot study of the effects of simulation as a tool for teaching doctor-paramedic teams to deliver pre-hospital anaesthesia safely. Participants undertook a course including 43 full immersion, high-fidelity simulations. Twenty videos taken from day 4 and days 9/10 of the course were reviewed by a panel of experienced pre-hospital practitioners. Participants' performance at the beginning and the end of the course was compared. The total time from arrival to inflation of the tracheal tube cuff was longer on days 9/10 than on day 4 (mean (SD) 14 min 52 s (2 min 6 s) vs 11 min 28 s (1 min 54 s), respectively; p = 0.005), while the number of safety critical events per simulation were fewer (median (IQR [range]) 1.0 (0,1.8 [0,2]) vs 3.5 (1.5,4.8 [0,8], respectively; p = 0.011). Crew resource management behaviours also improved in later simulations. On a personal training needs analysis, participants reported increased confidence after the course. [source] | |||||||||||||