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Macular Function (macular + function)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Macular function after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for diabetic macular oedema

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2010
Murat Karacorlu
Abstract. Purpose:, We aimed to evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) on macular function in patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO). Methods:, Eleven eyes in 11 patients with DMO were enrolled. In each eye, at baseline and at 30 days after IVTA injection, logMAR visual acuity (VA), macular sensitivity, fixation stability and fixation location by MP-1 microperimetry and optical coherence tomography (OCT) foveal thickness were assessed. Results:, Thirty days after IVTA injection, eyes with DMO showed a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in foveal thickness and significant (p < 0.01) increases in logMAR VA and MP-1 retinal sensitivity (p < 0.001). There was also significant (p = 0.046) improvement in fixation location and some improvement in fixation stability, although the latter was not significant (p = 0.08). Conclusions:, In eyes with DMO, short-term improvement in retinal sensitivity and fixation properties can be achieved by IVTA injection. [source]

Comparison of chromatic macular ERG and multifocal ERG in diabetic macular edema

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2007
MA ARAKELYAN
Purpose: To evaluate the degree of macular function disturbances in patients with diabetes mellitus and high glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Methods: 11 patients with type II diabetes were included in our study. In 6 patients a clinically significant macular edema was detected; other 5 patients showed slight vascular changes and absence of macular pathology. All patients had much too high (8-10%) or extremely high (above 10%) levels of HbA1c and underwent a chromatic macular ERG test to red, green and blue stimuli (MBN, Russia). A RETIScan system for multifocal ERG was also used (Roland Consult, Germany). Results: Patients with macular edema and long duration of the disease had significant reduction of a- and b-wave amplitudes of macular ERG, whereas those with short duration of diabetes showed slight decrease of macular ERG amplitude. The density of photoreceptors in multifocal ERG and amplitudes of N1 and P1 components were analyzed in area of 15° of visual angle: the mean of 3 central rings' values was calculated. Correlation between mf-ERG data and macular ERG amplitudes were found. In patients without macular edema and duration of the disease from 7 to 10 years who had background diabetic retinopathy no significant changes of function testing of the macula were revealed. The amplitude values were close to lower normal data. Conclusions: Macular function in diabetic patients is mainly safe in spite of high levels of glycosylated haemoglobin. The complexity of pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy along with functional tests is still the subject of an investigation. [source]

Color vision and macular recovery time in epileptic adolescents treated with valproate and carbamazepine

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 7 2006
A. Verrotti
Visual dysfunction has been reported in patients diagnosed with epilepsy. Some of these visual disturbances may be attributable to either the disease process, or the anticonvulsant therapy prescribed to control the seizures. The aims of our study were to evaluate whether color vision and macular function are impaired in epileptic adolescents, to study if the monotherapy with valproic acid (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ) can affect color vision and macular function and to determine the possible relationship between color vision, retinal function and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) dosage and their serum concentrations. We examined 45 (16 male and 29 female, mean age ± SD, 15.71 ± 2.01 years) Caucasian epileptic patients suffering from various types of cryptogenic epilepsy before the beginning of therapy and after 1 year of VPA or CBZ monotherapy and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Color vision was assessed by Farnsworth Munsell (FM) 100-hue test and total error score (TES) was evaluated. This test consists of colored caps: the testee has to arrange the caps according to their colors macular function was assessed by nyctometry evaluating initial recovery time (IRT) and summation method (SM). This test evaluates visual acuity after a period of intense illumination of macula. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the difference between controls and patients; moreover, Pearson's correlation test have been performed. Before the beginning of therapy, there were no differences in color vision and macular function between controls and epileptic patients. After 1 year, the patients, treated with VPA or CBZ, showed a deficit in FM 100-hue test. At nyctometry, all patients showed no significant variation of macular function between baseline evaluation and second evaluation at end of the follow-up. Our study demonstrates that, in our group of epileptic patients, epilepsy per se does not affect color vision and retinal function. In contrast, after 1 years of therapy with VPA and CBZ these patients showed a deficit in FM 100-hue test although nyctometry evaluation continued to be normal allowing to exclude an impairment in macular function. Further investigations are required to determine the pathophysiological alteration(s) that are at the basis of color perception defects. [source]

2245: Electrodiagnosis in inherited retinal disease

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010
GE HOLDER
Purpose To describe the roles of electrophysiology in the diagnosis and counselling of patients with inherited retinal disease. Methods Electrophysiological testing performed to incorporate and extend the recommendations of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Results Using a case-based presentation, it will be shown that electrophysiological testing can objectively assess the function of the different cell types and layers within the retina of the patient with inherited retinal dysfunction, which enables accurate diagnosis and counselling when placed in clinical context. The roles of pattern and multi-focal ERG in the assessment of macular function will be discussed. The electrophysiological findings will be discussed in relation to imaging studies when appropriate. It will shown that distinctive electrophysiological findings can direct appropriate and therefore cost-effective mutational screening in patients with atypical fundus changes. Conclusion Electrophysiological testing is fundamental to the successful management of patients with inherited disorders of retinal function. [source]

Macular function after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for diabetic macular oedema

Function of macular area in retinopathy of prematurity

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2007
AM SHAMSHINOVA
Purpose: To assess the bioelectric activity of the retina at different stages of the retinopathy of prematurity (RP). Methods: 21 children with RoP (stage 1-4, 6-14 years old, born at 27-32 week of gestation with the birth weight of 730-1800g) were examined. In 4 of children the prophylactic laser coagulation of avascular retina was performed in the active phase. Visual acuity (VA) at the stage 1 of RoP amounted to 0,75; at the stage 2: 0,5; at the stage 3: 0,25 and at the stage 4: 0,02. Macular (MBN Moscow) and mf ERG( Roland Concult Germany) were examined. Results: There was no correlation between VA values and parameters of multifocal (mf) and macular (m) ERG. Patients with RP of stage1 showed a moderate reduction of b-wave magnitude of mERG at its normal latency. This correlated with mfERG data in central hexagons 15 degrees. The magnitude and latency of mERG were changed to a great extent in RP patients of stages 2-3. The waves N1 and P1 of mERG were also heavily decreased at normal latency. The patients with severe retinal abnormalities, like retinal detachment, have subnormal mERG-values with prolonged latency, and moderate decrease of retinal density in the central ring and considerable changes with eccentricity in mfERG. Conclusions: RP patients 1-4 stages showed considerable impairment of macular function independent of the ophthalmoscopic changes. Even occult or weak-manifested of the diseases in the macula might be accompanied with the moderate decrease of macular bioelectric activity, including the abrupt abnormalities of the electrogenesis and neuronal interactions in the macular area. Decline VA d'not always had relation with RP. The pathophysiologic rationale of the latter needs to be elucidated in the future studies. [source]