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Lymphoid Leukemia (lymphoid + leukemia)
Kinds of Lymphoid Leukemia Selected AbstractsDeterminants of urinary 8-hydroxy-2,-deoxyguanosine in Chinese children with acute leukemiaENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, Issue 5 2009You Yang Abstract The 8-hydroxy-2,-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized nucleoside of DNA, not only is a widely used biomarker for the measurement of endogenous oxidative DNA damage, but might also be a risk factor for many diseases including cancer. Elevated level of urinary 8-OHdG has been detected in patients with various malignancies. In the present study, the level of urinary 8-OHdG was examined in 116 Chinese children with acute leukemia (94 acute lymphoid leukemia, ALL, 22 acute myeloid leukemia, AML), and its correlation with urinary metal elements was investigated. Our result showed that the level of urinary 8-OHdG in children with acute leukemia before treatment was significantly elevated compared with that in normal controls (11.92 ± 15.42 vs. 4.03 ± 4.70 ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.05). In particular, urinary 8-OHdG was higher in children with acute leukemia aged under 3 years (20.86 ± 21.75 ng/mg creatinine) than in those aged 3,15 years (8.09 ± 9.65 ng/mg creatinine), whereas no differences were shown in terms of gender, parental smoking and education, household income, place of residence, and use of paracetamol. In addition, urinary 8-OHdG levels were similar among different subtypes of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) patients. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG and urinary Cr, but not Fe or As, in group aged <3 years compared with group aged 3,15 years (P = 0.041), indicating that the metal elements may be involved in increasing urinary 8-OHdG level in younger children with acute leukemia. Our results suggest that children with acute leukemia undergo an increased risk of oxidative DNA damage, which may be correlated with high level of Cr exposure in Chinese children with acute leukemia. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2009. [source] Assessment of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in idiopathic myelofibrosisEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2000Francisco Cervantes Abstract: The objective of this study was to contribute to a better characterization of the immunological profile of idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM) at presentation by analysing the blood lymphocyte subsets and their possible correlations with other disease features. Absolute blood lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets were assessed in 31 IM patients, compared with those from 34 healthy individuals, and correlated with the patients' main clinical, hematological and bone marrow histologic features. The mean lymphocyte count of the IM patients was 1.1 (SD 0.6)×109/L, versus 1.6 (SD 0.49)×109/L in controls (p=0.0006), with 24 of the 31 patients (77.4%) showing lymphocytopenia (<1.5×109/L). IM patients had significantly lower counts of CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD3,/CD56+ cells, and significantly higher CD3+/CD56+ lymphocyte counts. Although no significant differences were found between patients and controls with regard to CD19+/CD5+ cell counts, increased CD5+ B-cell lymphocytes were observed in three IM patients. In one of the latter patients, Ig gene rearrangement analysis of the heavy chain gene demonstrated such a subpopulation to be clonal, but the patient did not develop features of chronic lymphoid leukemia during a 5-yr follow-up. No correlation was found between the patients' blood lymphocyte counts and other disease features. We conclude that most IM patients have absolute lymphopenia, decreased T cells and increased cytotoxic T cells at diagnosis, and 10% of them show an increased CD5+ B-cell subpopulation. [source] BCL11A is a SUMOylated protein and recruits SUMO-conjugation enzymes in its nuclear bodyGENES TO CELLS, Issue 9 2008Takeshi Kuwata BCL11A/EVI9 is a zinc-finger protein predominantly expressed in brain and hematopoietic cells. Previous studies show that BCL11A is involved in acute myelomonocytic leukemia and chronic lymphoid leukemia in mouse and human, respectively. Moreover, BCL11A is localized in the characteristic nuclear body in which BCL6 is co-localized. However, the significance of BCL11A in leukemogenesis and nuclear function remains unknown. In this study we show that BCL11A interacts with UBC9, a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E2 conjugating enzyme, and recruits SUMO1 into the nuclear body. A lysine residue at amino acid 634 of BCL11A is SUMOylated but not required for the SUMO1 recruitment. The N-terminal region of BCL11A is responsible for SUMO1 recruitment as well as its nuclear body formation. We also show that SENP2, a SUMO specific peptidase, is co-localized in the nuclear body. These results suggest that BCL11A could be involved in the SUMO conjugation system, and that BCL11A might play an important role in protein modification. [source] The t(1;9)(p34;q34) and t(8;12)(p11;q15) fuse pre-mRNA processing proteins SFPQ (PSF) and CPSF6 to ABL and FGFR1GENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 5 2008Claire Hidalgo-Curtis We have investigated two patients with acquired chromosomal rearrangements, a male presenting with a t(1;9)(p34;q34) and B cell progenitor acute lymphoid leukemia and a female presenting with a t(8;12)(p11;q15) and the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome. We determined that the t(1;9) fused ABL to SFPQ (also known as PSF), a gene mapping to 1p34 that encodes a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated splicing factor. The t(8;12) fused CPSF6, a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor, to FGFR1. The fusions were confirmed by amplification of the genomic breakpoints and RT-PCR. The predicted oncogenic products of these fusions, SFPQ-ABL and CPSF6-FGFR1, are in-frame and encode the N-terminal domain of the partner protein and the entire tyrosine kinase domain and C-terminal sequences of ABL and FGFR1. SFPQ interacts with two FGFR1 fusion partners, ZNF198 and CPSF6, that are functionally related to the recurrent PDGFR, partner FIP1L1. Our findings thus identify a group of proteins that are important for pre-mRNA processing as fusion partners for tyrosine kinases in hematological malignancies. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Aberrant expression of TRAIL in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cellsJOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 2 2005Paola Secchiero Analysis of peripheral blood (>85% CD19+/CD5+ B) lymphocytes, obtained from 44 patients affected by B chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL), showed that surface TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) was expressed in all samples and at higher levels with respect to unfractionated lymphocytes and purified CD19+ B cells, obtained from 15 normal blood donors. Of note, in a subset of B-CLL samples, the addition to B-CLL cultures of a TRAIL-R1-Fc chimera, which binds at high affinity to surface TRAIL, significantly decreased the percentage of viable cells with respect to untreated control B-CLL cells, suggesting that surface TRAIL may play an unexpected role in promoting B-CLL cell survival. In spite of the majority of B-CLL lymphocytes expressed variable surface levels of "death receptors" TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2, the addition in culture of recombinant TRAIL increased (>20% vs. controls) the degree of spontaneous apoptosis in only 11/44 of the B-CLL samples, had no effect in 19/44, while it significantly increased leukemic cell survival in 14/44. Taken together, these findings suggest that an aberrant expression of TRAIL might contribute to the pathogenesis of B-CLL by promoting the survival in a subset of B-CLL cells. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The risk of thrombosis in patients with acute leukemia: occurrence of thrombosis at diagnosis and during treatmentJOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, Issue 9 2005V. DE STEFANO Summary.,Background:,Thromboembolism can occur during acute leukemia, especially acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) treated with l -asparaginase. Yet, most reports are anecdotical and scarce data are available on the risk of thrombosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Objectives:,To evaluate the risk of thrombosis in patients with acute leukemia. Patients and methods:,Three-hundred and seventy-nine consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia were recruited in an observational cohort study conducted from January 1994 to December 2003. Diagnosis was ALL in 69 patients, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; FAB subtype M3) in 31, and non-M3 AML in 279. All first or recurrent symptomatic thromboembolic events objectively diagnosed were recorded. Results:,Twenty-four patients of the overall 379 (6.3%; 95% CI 4.1%,9.2%) had a first thrombosis, venous in 80% of the cases and arterial in 20%. At diagnosis, thrombosis was a presenting manifestation in 13 cases (3.4% of the whole cohort): 1.4% in ALL, 9.6% in APL, and 3.2% in non-M3 AML patients. Follow-up was carried out on 343 patients without thrombosis at diagnosis and further 11 thrombotic events (3.2%) were recorded. At 6 months from diagnosis, the cumulative incidence of thrombosis was 10.6% in ALL, 8.4% in APL, and 1.7% in non-M3 AML patients. The patients who received l -asparaginase had a 4.9-fold increased risk of thrombosis in comparison with those who did not (95% CI 1.5,16.0). The fatality rate due to thrombosis was 0.8%. Conclusions:,In patients with acute leukemia, the risk of thrombosis is not negligible. Thombosis can be a presenting symptom at diagnosis in a significant portion of cases with APL (9.6%) and non-M3 AML (3.2%); a similar rate of thrombosis can occur during the subsequent course of the disease. The incidence of symptomatic thrombosis at diagnosis is relatively low in ALL patients (1.4%), but is significantly increased by further treatment up to 10.6%. Strategies of antithrombotic prophylaxis should be investigated in this setting. [source] Placing of tunneled central venous catheters prior to induction chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia,PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 2 2010Mette Møller Handrup MD Abstract Background Tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) are inevitable in children with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of CVC-related complications in children with ALL in relation to timing of catheter placement and type of catheter. Procedure All children hospitalized from January 2000 to March 2008 with newly diagnosed ALL and with double-lumen total implantable devices (TIDs) or tunneled external catheters (TEs) were included retrospectively. We only used data related to the patient's first catheter. Results We included 98 children; 35 received a TID and the remaining 63 received a TE. A total number of 29,566 catheter days and 93 catheter-associated blood stream infections (CABSI) was identified. We found a CABSI rate of 3.1/1,000 catheter days (5.4/1,000 catheter days for TEs and 1.4/1,000 catheter days for TIDs, incidence rate ratio (IRR) 3.82 (95% CI 2.37,6.35) P,=,0.0001). No difference was found in CABSI between neither early versus later placed TIDs (IRR,=,0.99 (95% CI 0.41,2.45) P,=,0.98) nor early versus later placed TEs (IRR,=,0.81 (95% CI 0.40,1.86) P,=,0.54). We found no difference between early and later placed catheters regarding non-elective removal (RR,=,0.86 (95% CI 0.72,1.03) P,=,0.09). TEs had a higher risk of non-elective removal compared with TIDs (RR,=,3.95 (95% CI 1.88,8.29) P,<,0.001). Conclusions The study did not find that children with ALL and with early placed CVCs experienced significantly more complications compared with children with late placed catheters. This study found that children with ALL and TEs experienced more complications than children with TIDs. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:309,313. © 2010 Wiley,Liss, Inc. [source] Phase II investigation of docetaxel in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumorsCANCER, Issue 8 2006A report from the Children's Oncology Group Abstract BACKGROUND Docetaxel, which is an antitubulin agent, has demonstrable activity against murine and human tumors. The current study was designed to determine response rates to docetaxel in various strata of recurrent solid tumors of childhood and to assess toxicity in a group of patients who were assigned to receive it. METHODS Docetaxel was given at a dose of 125 mg/m2 once every 21 days as a 1-hour intravenous infusion for a maximum of 12 courses. From January 1997 to November 2001, 109 male patients and 68 female patients (total, 177 patients) were enrolled, and 173 patients were eligible. The median patient age at entry was 13 years (range, 1-27 yrs). One hundred sixty patients were evaluable for response. RESULTS There were no deaths attributable to study drug. Hematologic toxicity was common during therapy. Dermatologic, neurologic, pulmonary, and infectious side effects as well as edema were significant. One patient each had acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, and high-grade glioma reported as secondary malignancies. One patient with osteosarcoma and 1 patient with rhabdomyosarcoma achieved a complete response. Partial responses were observed in patients with Ewing sarcoma (3 patients), osteosarcoma (1 patient), squamous cell carcinoma (1 patient), and medulloblastoma (1 patient). Seventeen patients had stable disease. The 1-year and 5-year overall survival rates for the 160 evaluable patients were 24% (standard error = 4%) and 6% (standard error = 2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Docetaxel demonstrated activity in patients with recurrent Ewing sarcoma but was found to be ineffective for treating the other types of recurrent solid tumors that were studied. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society. [source] Malignant changes in a giant orbital keratoacanthoma developing over 25 yearsACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2000Ghassan A. Alyahya ABSTRACT. Purpose: To report a patient with a history over 25 years of a slowly growing, large, invasive crateriform tumour filling the anterior part of the orbit. Methods: A 61-year-old male presented with a large tumour of the left orbit. Exenteration was performed with subsequent histological analysis of the excised mass. Results: The main tumour showed the characteristic features of a keratoacanthoma. However, the posterior aspect of the tumour disclosed the morphology of a squamous cell carcinoma. Six months later, the patient presented with metastases to lymph nodes, lung and mediastinal tissue. A leukemoid reaction was diagnosed by fine needle biopsy. Conclusion: The giant variety of keratoacanthoma may fail to regress and can transform into a squamous cell carcinoma. In our patient, the development of a chronic lymphoid leukemia raises the possibility that it may be the underlying cause for the transformation of the posterior part of the keratoacanthoma into a frank squamous cell carcinoma. [source] Intravenous immunoglobulins in infectious diseases: where do we stand?CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 5 2003L. Mouthon Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) are therapeutic preparations of normal human IgG that have been used for more than 20 years for substitutive therapy in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Recent studies pointed out the need to obtain normal residual levels of IgG (i.e. 8 g/L) in order to reduce the number and severity of bacterial infections in these patients. The IVIg are also prescribed for the substitutive therapy of secondary immunodeficiencies such as chronic lymphoid leukemia and multiple myeloma with hypogammaglobulinemia and severe and/or recurrent infections, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children with recurrent bacterial infections before the era of highly active antiretroviral agents. However, in the latter situation, no recent study has evaluated IVIg therapy in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) children receiving highly active antiretroviral agents (HAART), and the use of IVIg must probably be restricted to the currently rare clinical situation in Western Europe of children with AIDS who develop recurrent infections despite the administration of HAART and prophylactic cotrimoxazole. IVIg have also been reported to prevent infections, interstitial pneumonia and graft-vs. host disease during the first 90 days post-transplant in allogeneic bone-marrow transplant recipients. However, this result was not confirmed by two recent studies and IVIg therapy should probably only be proposed for a subgroup of bone-marrow allografted patients such as those with hypogammaglobulinemia and sepsis. With the exception of erythrovirus B19 infection with erythroblastopenia, no clear benefit of IVIg therapy has been reported for the curative management of other infectious diseases. [source] | |||||||||||||