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Lung Function Loss (lung + function_loss)
Selected AbstractsTrends in the clinical characteristics of the U.S. cystic fibrosis patient population from 1995 to 2005PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 8 2008Donald R. VanDevanter Abstract Rationale Respiratory signs and symptoms (cough, sputum production, or crackles) are considered bellwethers of underlying cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. If respiratory signs and symptoms predict future lung function loss, then improvements in population lung function over the past decade should have been paralleled by a decrease in the prevalence of these variables in the same population. Additionally, changes in these variables over the past decade may provide insight into the improving health of the CF population. Methods Cross-sectional data from the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis for each year between 1995 and 2005 were analyzed to characterize changes in pulmonary function and respiratory signs and symptoms over time. Patients were separated into five age groups: <6, 6,12, 13,17, 18,24, and ,25 years. Results Serial cross-sectional analyses of an average of 13,381 patients per year indicated that mean pulmonary function for the CF population improved and the percent of patients reporting cough or sputum production or having crackles or wheeze at their clinic visit decreased over the study period. Observed changes in pulmonary function were not consistently mirrored by changes in symptoms, which differed as a function of the variable studied and the age group. Conclusions Reductions in respiratory signs and symptoms have paralleled improvements in pulmonary function. Both the absolute and relative magnitude of changes in prevalence for cough, sputum production, crackles, and wheeze differed among age groups and among variables. These results suggest the possibility that differences in respiratory signs and symptoms may arise from different underlying pathologies and may be influenced differently by therapeutic interventions. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:739,744. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Incidence of tuberculosis and HIV and progression of silicosis and lung function impairment among former basotho gold miners,,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 12 2009Harriet H. Park MPH Abstract Background Pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV incidence, mortality, and the progression of silicosis and lung function impairment are described over a 1-year period in migrant ex-gold miners from Lesotho. Methods Seven hundred seventy-nine Basotho miners were followed for 1 year starting 18 months after lay-off from a South African gold mine in 1998. At baseline and follow-up, they underwent a respiratory symptom interview, physical examination, HIV test, chest radiograph, and spirometry. Results Five hundred thirteen of 779 (65.9%) participants attended both baseline and follow-up visits. HIV incidence was 5.4/100 person-years (95% CI: 3.4,8.2). Prevalence of silicosis (ILO score ,1/1) was 26.6% at baseline and 27.0% at follow-up. Active tuberculosis diagnosed at baseline was a strong predictor of radiological progression of silicosis. Lung function as measured by FEV1 declined an average of 91,ml between visits (95% CI: 67,116,ml). Calculated minimum incidence of tuberculosis was 3,085/100,000/years (95% CI: 1,797,4,940) at follow-up. Of those seen at baseline, 18 died before their scheduled follow-up visit (mean age: 51 years). Conclusions High rates of mortality and of HIV infection and pulmonary tuberculosis were found in this cohort after leaving the South African goldmines. Continuing lung function loss was also apparent. A partnership between the South African mining industry and governments in labor-sending areas of Southern Africa is needed to provide continuity of care and access to HIV and tuberculosis treatment and prevention services. Active silicosis surveillance and an improved statutory compensation system are also needed. These findings can serve as a baseline against which the impact of such interventions can be assessed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:901,908, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Lung function decrease in relation to pneumoconiosis and exposure to quartz-containing dust in construction workersAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2003Evelyn Tjoe-Nij MSc Abstract Background Prevalence of exposure related respiratory symptoms and decreases in lung function are unknown among quartz dust exposed construction workers. Methods In a cross-sectional study (n,=,1,335), the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, was recorded and spirometric lung function was measured. Results were associated with exposure data and presence of radiographic abnormalities and compared with a reference population. Results Pneumoconiosis (profusion category 1/1 or greater) was associated with increased risks of FEV1 and FVC values in the lowest 5% group, and with group-based decreases of 270 ml/s and 180 ml, respectively. Average lung function of construction workers was somewhat lower compared to a Dutch reference population. Lung function was not associated with exposure, except for a reduction in FVC of 5 ml per year for those with higher exposure. Conclusions In quartz dust exposed construction workers obstructive and restrictive lung function loss was detected. Am. J. Ind. Med. 43:574,583, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A prospective study of lung function among boilermaker construction workers exposed to combustion particulatesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2001Russ Hauser MD Abstract Background Given the evidence of both acute cross-shift and short-term decrements in lung function in boilermaker construction workers following occupational exposure to combustion particulates, we sought to determine whether exposure is associated with an annual loss in lung function. Methods As part of an ongoing investigation, we conducted a 2-year longitudinal study of lung function among 118 boilermakers. Exposure was assessed with a work history questionnaire. Spirometry measurements were performed annually. Results We found an association between annual FEV1 and hours worked at a gas-fired plant during the previous year, ,,=,,,9.8 mls/100 hours worked (95% CI: ,,16.0, ,,3.5) after adjustment for age, baseline FEV1 and cigarette smoking status. The adjusted association between FEV1 and "ever" worked at a gas-fired plant was ,,,99.7 mls (95% CI: ,,154.8, ,,44.5). There was also evidence of a negative association between FEV1 and "ever" worked and hours worked at oil and coal-fired plants. Conclusions These data suggest an association between annual lung function loss and working at gas, coal and oil-fired plants. Further follow-up of this cohort of boilermakers is in progress. Am. J. Ind. Med. 39:454,462, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||