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Localized Form (localized + form)
Selected AbstractsGas-Phase Electron-Diffraction Investigation and Quantum-Chemical Calculations of the Structure of 1,5-Dimethylsemibullvalene-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic DianhydrideHELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, Issue 5 2003Svein Samdal The bridged homotropilidines have been of interest for decades because their molecules offer the potential for homoaromaticity. Although many of these have been shown not to be homoaromatic, the energy differences of the delocalized (homoaromatic) forms and the localized (nonhomoaromatic) ones, and the barriers to the interconversion of the localized forms via a Cope rearrangement, have been found to vary greatly. The title compound is a strong candidate for homoaromaticity, and, since the structures of the possible localized and delocalized forms could differ significantly, we have carried out an electron-diffraction investigation of it augmented by quantum-mechanical calculations with different basis sets at several levels of theory. Three models were explored: one representing a localized form of Cs symmetry, one a delocalized form of C2v symmetry, and one a 2,:,1 mixture of the localized/delocalized forms. Although none of the models could be ruled out, the experimental evidence slightly favors the Cs form. These results are consistent with those from the DFT B3PW91 calculations with basis sets ranging from 6-31G(d) to cc-pVTZ, which, surprisingly, predict essentially equal thermally corrected free energies for each. The results are discussed. [source] Cutaneous leishmaniasis reactivation 2 years after treatment caused by systemic corticosteroids , first reportINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2007Felipe Francisco Tuon MD American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), an endemic anthropozoonosis in various countries in the world, is caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania. Despite reports on ATL reactivation as a result of immunosuppression, to the best of our knowledge, this paper describes the first case of ATL reactivation in its localized form (cutaneous leishmaniasis) associated with the administration of systemic corticosteroids. The possible action of corticosteroids on the host immune response to the parasite in patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis is discussed. This report demonstrates the possibility of ATL reactivation in patients using corticosteroids, an observation that should be considered in individuals treated with this medication. [source] Argyrophilic grain disease: A late-onset dementia with distinctive features among tauopathiesNEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2004Markus Tolnay Argyrophilic grain disease (AgD) is a late-onset dementia morphologically characterized by the presence of abundant spindle-shaped argyrophilic grains (ArG) in neuronal processes and coiled bodies in oligodendrocytes. AgD changes consist of the microtubule-associated protein tau in an abnormally and hyperphosphorylated state and are mainly found in limbic regions, for example, in the hippocampus, the entorhinal and transentorhinal cortices and the amygdala. AgD shows a significant correlation with advancing age, and it became apparent from recent clinicopathological studies that it might account for approximately 5% of all dementia cases. Further immunohistochemical and biochemical studies revealed that AgD is a four-repeat (4R) tauopathy similar to PSP and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), but distinct from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Pick's disease. Moreover, a common genetic background regarding the tau gene haplotype has been suggested for AgD, PSP and CBD. However, although there are currently only limited data available, AgD seems to be clinically distinct from PSP and CBD and shares rather features of (mild) AD or other forms of ,limbic' dementias, among them senile dementia with tangles and the localized form of AD. [source] A quantitative and morphometric study of mast cells in cutaneous leishmaniasisPARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 11-12 2008F. F. TUON SUMMARY Background,Mast cells (MCs) are related with healing process in chronic inflammatory diseases, although in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) its importance is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of MC with clinical findings in patients with the localized form of CL. Methods,A cohort of 85 patients with CL was evaluated. MCs count was performed in pre-treatment biopsies and correlation with clinical findings and Leishmania species determined by PCR were performed. Results,The MCs count in patients with CL caused by Leishmania (V.) braziliensis was 14·3 ± 9·8 cells/mm2, and 7·0 ± 6·5 cells/mm2 in patients with L. (L.) amazonensis (P < 0·05). The linear regression of MCs count with the age showed a tendency of cell number decreasing, according to ageing of the patient (r2 = 0·05; P < 0·05). The association of disease's duration and MCs count was positive (r2 = 0·11; P < 0·05). There was not any association of MCs count with number of lesions neither with Leishmania antigen expression. The MCs count was higher in patients with earlier healing after treatment (P < 0·05). Conclusion,MC can be important in CL and related with healing lesion. [source] Cutaneous Wegener's granulomatosis: A variant or atypical localized form?AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Johanna Kuchel Summary A 74-year-old woman presented with an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titre-negative, treatment-responsive Wegener's granulomatosis confined to the integument. She initially presented with a painful left postauricular nodulo-ulcerative lesion with chronically discharging sinuses. This lesion was effectively treated with a short, 3-month course of cyclophosphamide and 24 months of oral prednisone. After 5 months in remission, she developed further similar ulcers, in addition to painless nodules on her ankles and feet bilaterally. These lesions resolved with an extra 32 months of high-dose oral prednisone therapy before complete remission. At most recent review, there was no evidence of disease recurrence 21 months after ceasing all active treatment. Histology demonstrated a granulomatous inflammation. No systemic disease progression to the upper respiratory tract, lung or kidney was detected. This case highlights the importance of being aware of atypical or partial presentations of Wegener's granulomatosis. This diagnosis needs to be considered with patients presenting with a culture-negative chronic ulcer, where malignancy and trauma have been excluded. This will avoid unnecessary surgery and ensure early diagnosis and effective treatment of a disease that is disfiguring and usually fatal if inappropriately treated. [source] Treatment of so-called idiopathic follicular mucinosis with hydroxychloroquineBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2010S.W. Schneider Summary There exists no treatment of choice for follicular mucinosis (FM). Historically two distinct entities of FM have been proposed: FM of children and young adults not associated with other diseases (,idiopathic' FM), and FM in elderly patients associated with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome (,lymphoma-associated' FM). Nowadays it is suggested that ,idiopathic' FM might represent a localized form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Six patients with ,idiopathic' FM were treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) at a dose of 200 mg three times daily for 10 days followed by a dose adjusted to the ideal body weight, usually 200 mg twice daily. All patients showed an improvement of ,idiopathic' FM already after 6 weeks and a complete remission with full hair regrowth after 2,5 months of HCQ therapy. In all patients no relapse occurred during follow up of between 3 and 23 years and no patient developed lymphoma. We conclude that HCQ is a highly effective therapy without significant side-effects in the treatment of so-called ,idiopathic' FM. [source] A localized form of aquagenic syringeal acrokeratodermaCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010S. Flann No abstract is available for this article. [source] Inherited lipodystrophies and the metabolic syndromeCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 4 2007Houshang Monajemi Summary Lipodystrophies represent a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by an abnormal subcutaneous fat distribution, the extent of which can vary from localized, to partial, to generalized lipoatrophy. Whereas partial and generalized lipodystrophies are each associated with metabolic abnormalities, the localized form is not. These metabolic changes include insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes, acanthosis nigricans, dyslipidaemia predominantly consisting of hypertriglyceridaemia (associated with the onset of pancreatitis) and depressed HDL cholesterol, liver steatosis and hypertension. Affected women are often hirsute and this can be associated with the presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Most of these clinical features are present to some extent in patients with the common metabolic syndrome. As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome far outweighs that of lipodystrophy, the diagnosis of this rare disorder may often be overlooked with the affected patient diagnosed as merely being ,yet' another case of metabolic syndrome. In this article, we draw attention to the importance of recognizing patients with lipodystrophy who present with metabolic abnormalities, as both the diagnostic as well as the therapeutic approach of these patients differ profoundly from patients with the metabolic syndrome. [source] Gas-Phase Electron-Diffraction Investigation and Quantum-Chemical Calculations of the Structure of 1,5-Dimethylsemibullvalene-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic DianhydrideHELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, Issue 5 2003Svein Samdal The bridged homotropilidines have been of interest for decades because their molecules offer the potential for homoaromaticity. Although many of these have been shown not to be homoaromatic, the energy differences of the delocalized (homoaromatic) forms and the localized (nonhomoaromatic) ones, and the barriers to the interconversion of the localized forms via a Cope rearrangement, have been found to vary greatly. The title compound is a strong candidate for homoaromaticity, and, since the structures of the possible localized and delocalized forms could differ significantly, we have carried out an electron-diffraction investigation of it augmented by quantum-mechanical calculations with different basis sets at several levels of theory. Three models were explored: one representing a localized form of Cs symmetry, one a delocalized form of C2v symmetry, and one a 2,:,1 mixture of the localized/delocalized forms. Although none of the models could be ruled out, the experimental evidence slightly favors the Cs form. These results are consistent with those from the DFT B3PW91 calculations with basis sets ranging from 6-31G(d) to cc-pVTZ, which, surprisingly, predict essentially equal thermally corrected free energies for each. The results are discussed. [source] Solitary angiokeratoma of the tongueJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 4 2006Maria Siponen Angiokeratoma is a rare, cutaneous vascular disorder that can occur in several clinically distinct conditions. It usually presents as multiple, red to blue or black, asymptomatic papules on the skin. Oral mucosal involvement is common in the systemic form, but very rare in the localized forms of angiokeratomas. We report the second case of a solitary papular angiokeratoma of the oral cavity. [source] | ||||||||||