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Local Labor Markets (local + labor_market)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Humanities and Social Sciences60%

Selected Abstracts

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WELFARE CASELOADS AND LOCAL LABOR MARKETS

CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY, Issue 4 2008
BRIAN C. HILL
This paper provides an empirical examination of interactions between welfare caseloads and local labor markets using data on caseload stocks, entries, and exits. Granger-causality tests show that unemployment rates Granger-cause caseload activity but caseload activity does not Granger-cause unemployment rates. The results also reveal differential dynamics between caseloads and labor market conditions for rural versus metropolitan markets. Several models of one-way association between caseload activity and unemployment rates are presented. The results show that higher unemployment rates are positively associated with welfare caseloads and entries and negatively related to exits. (JEL I38, R23) [source]

Black Employment, Segregation, and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2007
Niki T. Dickerson
Abstract: This broad analysis of the employment of blacks in metropolitan areas examines the role of residential segregation in comparison with four other key structural explanations for racial metropolitan inequality: industrial composition, minority concentration, immigration, and the racial disparity in skills. The goal of the analysis was to determine whether the spatial configuration of blacks relative to whites in a metropolitan area influences the employment rates of black men and black women in the context of the structural conditions of the local labor market. The study expanded the analysis of space and work beyond an emphasis on the physical distance between black communities and jobs to a broader conceptualization of residential segregation as a structural feature of the entire metropolitan labor market that is representative of its social organization with regard to race. Using a longitudinal data set of the structural characteristics of the 95 largest U.S. cities from the 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses, the study used a cross-sectional analysis of the cities in 2000 and a fixed-effects analysis to assess the impact of five dimensions of residential segregation and the four other structural factors on the employment of blacks across different labor markets and across time within each labor market. The results revealed that when the other structural characteristics are controlled, the employment rates of blacks are lower in more segregated cities and decrease as cities become more segregated over time. The clustering and evenness dimensions of residential segregation were the most determinative of black employment. [source]

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WELFARE CASELOADS AND LOCAL LABOR MARKETS

CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY, Issue 4 2008
BRIAN C. HILL
This paper provides an empirical examination of interactions between welfare caseloads and local labor markets using data on caseload stocks, entries, and exits. Granger-causality tests show that unemployment rates Granger-cause caseload activity but caseload activity does not Granger-cause unemployment rates. The results also reveal differential dynamics between caseloads and labor market conditions for rural versus metropolitan markets. Several models of one-way association between caseload activity and unemployment rates are presented. The results show that higher unemployment rates are positively associated with welfare caseloads and entries and negatively related to exits. (JEL I38, R23) [source]

Temporary Migration Overseas and Household Labor Supply: Evidence from Urban Philippines

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW, Issue 3 2001
Edgard R. Rodriguez
The impact of international migration on the labor supply of workers' nonmigrant relatives has not been well documented in the literature. Using household survey data representing mostly overseas contract workers, i.e., temporary migrants, this paper shows that labor supplies of migrants and their nonmigrant relatives are inseparable. Migrants reduce the labor supply of nonmigrant relatives, which translates into lower earnings from local labor markets. Households substitute income for more leisure , a significant and previously little recognized benefit of emigration for Philippine households. This benefit varies by gender of nonmigrants and is generally higher for men. [source]

THE EFFECTS OF TRADE WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ON THE REGIONAL DEMAND FOR SKILL IN THE U.S.: EVIDENCE FROM COUNTY DATA,

JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2009
Ivan T. Kandilov
ABSTRACT Using county-level data from the 1980s and 1990s and a county-level trade measure that incorporates the county's industrial mix and patterns of international trade across industries, I provide new evidence that trade with developing countries raises the demand for skill and the skill premium in the U.S. Consistent with Heckscher,Ohlin, I find that trade driven by differences in factor endowments has an economically significant impact on local labor markets. The evidence suggests that when trade with developing countries rises, counties with higher skill endowment and greater employment in industries with larger trade shares experience greater relative demand for high-skilled labor. [source]