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Local Behaviour (local + behaviour)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Engineering100%

Selected Abstracts

Shaking table tests of 1:4 reduced-scale models of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame buildings

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Issue 6 2001

Abstract Two models of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame buildings were tested at the shaking table. Models were built in the reduced scale 1:4 using the materials produced in accordance to modelling demands of true replica modelling technique. The first model represented a one-storey box-like building and the second one the two-stories building with plan shaped in the form of a letter H. Models were shaken with the series of horizontal sine dwell motions with gradually increasing amplitude. Masonry infills of tested models were constructed of relatively strong bricks laid in weak mortar. Therefore, typical cracks developed and propagated along mortar beds without cracking of bricks or crushing of infill corners. Data collected from tests will be used in future evaluation, verification and development of computational models for prediction of in-plane and out-of-plane behaviour of masonry infills. The responses of tested models can be well compared with global behaviour of real structures using the modelling rules. The similarity of local behaviour of structural elements, e.g. reinforced concrete joints, is less reliable due to limitations in modelling of steel reinforcement properties. The model responses showed that buildings designed according to Eurocodes are able to sustain relatively high dynamic excitations due to a significant level of structural overstrength. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Numerical modelling for earthquake engineering: the case of lightly RC structural walls

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS, Issue 7-8 2004
J. Mazars
Abstract Different types of numerical models exist to describe the non-linear behaviour of reinforced concrete structures. Based on the level of discretization they are often classified as refined or simplified ones. The efficiency of two simplified models using beam elements and damage mechanics in describing the global and local behaviour of lightly reinforced concrete structural walls subjected to seismic loadings is investigated in this paper. The first model uses an implicit and the second an explicit numerical scheme. For each case, the results of the CAMUS 2000 experimental programme are used to validate the approaches. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

A three-scale computational model of reactive pollutant transport in smectitic clays

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 8 2006
Márcio A. Murad
Abstract A three-scale model of dual-porosity type is proposed to describe contaminant transport in swelling clays. The swelling medium is characterized by three separate length scales (nano, micro and macro) and two levels of porosity (micro- and macro-pores). At the nanoscale the medium is composed of charged clay particles saturated by a binary monovalent aqueous electrolyte solution occupying the micro-pores. At the intermediate (micro) scale the two-phase system is represented in a homogenized fashion with averaged microscopic equations governing the behaviour of the clay clusters (or aggregates) regarded a two-phase mixture composed of clay particles and electrolyte solution. At the macroscale, the microscale mixture of clay clusters is homogenized with the bulk solution containing non-electrolyte species lying in the macro-pore system. The resultant macroscopic picture appears governed by a dual-porosity model wherein the clay clusters act as sources/sinks of mass to the macro-pore system. Under a local equilibrium assumption between the clay clusters and macro-pores, a quasi-steady version of the dual-porosity model is derived. This framework combined with a three-scale picture of the colloidal system allows to provide nanoscopic representations for the retardation coefficient, governing the instantaneous adsorption/desorption of the ionic species in the micro-pores, in terms of the local behaviour of the electrical double layer potential which satisfies a Poisson,Boltzmann-type problem at the nanoscale. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Improvement of the asymptotic behaviour of the Euler,Maclaurin formula for Cauchy principal value and Hadamard finite-part integrals

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2004
U. Jin Choi
Abstract In the recent works (Commun. Numer. Meth. Engng 2001; 17: 881; to appear), the superiority of the non-linear transformations containing a real parameter b , 0 has been demonstrated in numerical evaluation of weakly singular integrals. Based on these transformations, we define a so-called parametric sigmoidal transformation and employ it to evaluate the Cauchy principal value and Hadamard finite-part integrals by using the Euler,Maclaurin formula. Better approximation is expected due to the prominent properties of the parametric sigmoidal transformation of whose local behaviour near x = 0 is governed by parameter b. Through the asymptotic error analysis of the Euler,Maclaurin formula using the parametric sigmoidal transformation, we can observe that it provides a distinct improvement on its predecessors using traditional sigmoidal transformations. Numerical results of some examples show the availability of the present method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]