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Local Autonomy (local + autonomy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting60%

Selected Abstracts

EMBEDDED CONTRASTS IN RACE, MUNICIPAL FRAGMENTATION, AND PLANNING: DIVERGENT OUTCOMES IN THE DETROIT AND GREATER TORONTO,HAMILTON REGIONS 1990,2000

JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2009
A. J. JACOBS
ABSTRACT:,Since the early 1980s, scholars have debated whether or not the converging forces of globalization have disembedded city-regions from their national contexts. This study explored this question through a comparison of post-1990 growth trends in the Detroit and Greater Toronto Area,Hamilton regions (GTAH), two urban areas within the same natural region and closely linked by industrial production flows, yet politically situated within two separate Federalist states. Guided by Nested City Theory, it reveals how their dissimilar contexts for race, local autonomy, and multilocal planning have helped foster divergent spatial patterns in the two regions. In particular, provincial controls governing municipal fragmentation, Ontario's Planning Act, and subregional/microregional planning have been key embedded structures helping to limit population decline and disinvestment in GTAH core cities. In the process, this article shows how urban trajectories have remained nested within multilevel spatial and institutional configurations. Its findings also call for greater consideration of nested state/provincial factors in cross-national comparisons of cities within Federal states. Finally, its conclusion offers a starting point toward a more nuanced specific version of Nested Theory to be called the Contextualized Model of Urban,Regional Development. [source]

Tourism in US Global Cities: A Comparison of New York and Los Angeles

JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2001
David L. Gladstone
Tourism has become a key component of both the Los Angeles and New York City economies and an integral part of each city's urban redevelopment efforts. Its growth has influenced each city's social structure and built environment in remarkably similar ways. We describe the economic and spatial characteristics of tourism in the two cities, focusing on its labor market effects. We find strong similarities in economic importance and some aspects of labor relations. We find differences in spatial and design consequences as well as certain labor market effects. Utilizing the general framework of regulation theory, we analyze the ways in which economic culture, local autonomy, and urban regimes contribute to the regulation of the tourism industry in the two cities. We also discuss how labor and community, and advocacy groups respond to, and in turn influence, the politics and economic culture of the cities in which they operate. [source]

Relating the Central and the Local

NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP, Issue 4 2000
Marilyn Taylor
Although a number of valuable models of central-local relationships in the nonprofit sector have been developed, particularly in relation to federal structures, there has been a tendency to assume that in any given organizational relationship central-local structures will follow one common pattern. We argue that wider strategies are available: central dependency along one dimension may run with greater local autonomy along another. Such mixed tight-loose structures may be of considerable importance in the "boundaryless" organizational environment of the future. [source]

Re-thinking local autonomy: Perceptions from four rural municipalities

CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION/ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE DU CANADA, Issue 3 2008
Benoy Jacob
This article looks at how this agenda might affect smaller rural municipalities, since the assumption seems to be that one can simply re-size and re-shape policy prescriptions from urban and suburban contexts to fit rural areas. Drawing on the lessons learned from an eight-year project titled "Understanding the New Rural Economy: Options and Choices," the authors argue that autonomy is only valuable in relation to a locality's capacity to take advantage of new powers and that rural capacities are very different from those of their urban counterparts. The authors present a conceptual framework in which capacity is a dynamic and multidimensional entity of which autonomy is a necessary, though not sufficient, condition. This framework is then employed to explore four rural Canadian municipalities. This study is the first to consider traditional administrative reforms in a rural context. Employing a case-study methodology, the authors found four dimensions of capacity that may support changes to local autonomy: strategic planning, citizen participation and support, expertise, and access to revenues. Sommaire : Dirigé par les plus grandes municipalités urbaines, le programme actuel des réformes municipales au Canada met une emphase considérable sur la question de l'autonomie locale. Le présent article porte sur la manière dont ce programme pourrait avoir une incidence sur les plus petites municipalités rurales, étant donné que l'hypothèse semble être qu'il est tout simplement possible de redimensionner et refondre les prescriptions de politiques de contextes urbains et suburbains pour qu'elles s'adaptent aux régions rurales. Tirant des enseignements d'un projet sur huit ans intitulé"Comprendre la nouvelle économie rurale : options et choix" (NER), l'article prétend que l'autonomie est seulement intéressante en ce qui concerne la capacité d'une localitéà tirer parti de nouveaux pouvoirs et que les capacités rurales sont très différentes des capacités urbaines. Les auteurs présentent un cadre conceptuel où la capacité est une entité dynamique et multi-dimensionnelle dont l'autonomie est une condition nécessaire mais pas suffisante. Ce cadre est alors employé pour étudier à fond quatre municipalités rurales canadiennes. L'article est la première étude à envisager les réformes administratives traditionnelles dans un contexte rural. Ayant recours à une méthodologie d'études de cas, les auteurs ont trouvé quatre dimensions de capacité qui peuvent soutenir des changements pour l'autonomie locale : la planification stratégique, la participation et le soutien des citoyens, l'expertise et l'accès aux revenus. [source]