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Living Conditions (live + condition)
Selected AbstractsRecent time trends in levels of self-reported anxiety, mental health service use and suicidal behaviour in StockholmACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2010K. Kosidou Kosidou K, Magnusson C, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Hallqvist J, Gumpert CH, Idrizbegovic S, Dal H, Dalman C. Recent time trends in levels of self-reported anxiety, mental health service use and suicidal behaviour in Stockholm. Objective:, To investigate recent time trends in several indicators of mental ill-health and the patterning of these indicators between genders and younger vs. older individuals in Stockholm County. Method:, Several indicators were used; self-reported anxiety from the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions, information on psychiatric in-patient and out-patient care, attempted and completed suicides from national and regional registers. Gender- and age-specific trends were compared for the time period of 1997,2006. Results:, Self-reported anxiety and psychiatric service use increased among young individuals of both genders, while attempted suicides increased only among young women. By contrast, these indicators decreased or remained stable in the older age group from year 2001 and onwards. Conclusion:, Our data indicate a rising, and highly prevalent, mental ill-health among the young in Stockholm County, a region representative of urbanized, secular Western societies. [source] The association of snus and smoking behaviour: a cohort analysis of Swedish males in the 1990sADDICTION, Issue 9 2009Magnus Stenbeck ABSTRACT Background The European Union has banned sales of moist snuff (snus) in all member states, with the exception of Sweden. The ban is motivated by the potential adverse health effects of snus, but snus may also help people to avoid smoking or stop tobacco use. Aims The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between snus and smoking behaviour. Measurements The Swedish Survey of Living Conditions (ULF) health interview panel running from 1988/9 to 1996/7 was used to examine the gross and net flows between smoking and snus among Swedish males. Females were excluded from the analysis due to low snus prevalence. Contingency table models were used to investigate several hypotheses about the relationships between snus and smoking behaviour. Findings We found clear associations between the two habits. For the younger cohort (age 16,44 years), snus use contributed to approximately six smoking quitters per smoking starter attributable to snus. For the older cohort (age 45,84) there were slightly more than two quitters per starter. In terms of odds ratios, in the younger group smoking cessation attributable to snus was twice as common as smoking initiation, but in the older group the odds of starting smoking attributable to snus was 2.5 times higher than for quitting. Conclusions Snus contributed to the reduction of smoking among Swedish males in the 1990s. Snus had different effects among non-smokers and smokers in different age groups. [source] ALGERIA: Poor Living ConditionsAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 10 2009Article first published online: 27 NOV 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Academic Paths, Ageing and the Living Conditions of Students in the Late 20th Century,CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY/REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE, Issue 2 2001Arnaud Sales Le monde étudiant est profondément marqué par la diversité des tra-jectoires individuelles, qui sont souvent très éloignées d'un déroule-ment linéaire des études. Les conséquences sur l'âge des étudiants sont majeures, et la condition étudiante ne peut plus être définie comme une expérience strictement juvénile. Or, entre 20 et 30 ans, l'âge engendre des impératifs différentiels sur le plan des conditions et des modes de vie qui ne sont pas toujours compatibles avec la condition étudiante classique. Cette étude des parcours et de la situation financière des étudiants des universités québécoises de langue françhise et anglaise montre comment s'opère la déconnexion entre jeunesse et condition étudiante, et comment cette déconnexion influe sur la différenciation des conditions de vie et de financement des études. Student life is profoundly marked by the diversity of individual trajectories, which are in stark contrast with the linear path traditionally taken by students. The impact on the age of the student population is significant: indeed, student life can no longer be qualified as strictly for the young. Between the ages of 20 and 30 years, different imperatives come into play in terms of living conditions and lifestyle. These imperatives are not always compatible with the conditions of classic student life. This study of the academic paths and the financial situation of Quebec university students shows how the disconnection between student condition and youth occurs and how this disconnection impacts the differentiation of student's living conditions and modes of financing university studies. [source] A real-life event enhances the accuracy of preschoolers' recallAPPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2004Karen L. Thierry Children's memory and susceptibility to misinformation about a real-life and video event were examined. Eighty-six three- to four-year-olds and five- to six-year-olds observed an event either in real life or on video. Immediately afterward, they freely recalled the event and answered misleading questions about central and descriptive information. Three- to four-year-olds in the video condition were less likely to accurately recall descriptive information than three- to four-year-olds in the live condition and five- to six-year-olds in either condition. Children in the video condition were less accurate in response to misleading questions than those in the live condition. When video condition three- to four-year-olds in Experiment 2 were asked nonmisleading questions that prompted them for descriptive information, they recalled descriptors less accurately than those in the live condition. These results have particularly important implications for studies that utilize video events when investigating children's eyewitness memory. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The Role of Maternal Affect Mirroring on Social Expectancies in Three-Month-Old InfantsCHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 5 2001Maria Legerstee The role of maternal affect mirroring on the development of prosocial behaviors and social expectancies was assessed in forty-one 2- to 3-month-old infants. Prosocial behavior was characterized as infants' positive behavior and increased attention toward their mothers. Social expectancies were defined as infants' expectancy for affective sharing. Mothers and infants were observed twice, approximately 1 week apart. During Visit 1, mothers and infants were videotaped while interacting over television monitors for 3 min. During Visit 2, infants engaged in a live, 3-min interaction with their mothers over television monitors (live condition) and they also viewed a replay of their mothers' interaction from the preceding week (replay condition). The order of conditions was counterbalanced. Maternal affect mirroring was measured according to the level of attention maintenance, warm sensitivity, and social responsiveness displayed. A natural split was observed with 58% of the mothers ranking high and 42% ranking low on these affect mirroring measures (HAM and LAM, respectively). Infants in the HAM group ranked high on prosocial behaviors and social expectancy , they discriminated between live and replay, conditions with smiles, vocalizations, and gazes. Infants in the LAM group ranked low on these variables , they gazed longer during the live condition than during the replay condition, but only when the live condition was presented first; however, they did not smile or vocalize more. These findings indicate that there is a relation between affect mirroring and social expectancies in infants. [source] | ||||||||||||||||