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Life Values (life + value)
Selected AbstractsLife values before versus after a breast cancer diagnosis,RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 2 2002Claudia Lampic Abstract The main aim of this study was to investigate whether women's life values change with a breast cancer diagnosis. In addition, associations between life values and anxiety/depression ratings were investigated. Life value changes were prospectively studied in 517 women recalled for further examination after attending mammographic screening, 38 of whom were diagnosed with primary breast cancer. Life values were assessed by a study-specific version of a life value questionnaire, including ratings of the perceived attainment and importance of seven life value dimensions. Three months after being recalled, women diagnosed with primary breast cancer reported a reduction of the attainment and the importance of Health. In addition, these women reported changes in the perceived importance of Responsibility and Involvement. High levels of anxiety and depression in particular were associated with large discrepancies between attainment and importance for some life values. This suggests that changes in the perceived importance of some life values may constitute one part of women's psychological adaptation to a breast cancer diagnosis. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 25:89,98, 2002 [source] Thermal aging of a blend of high-performance fibersJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 5 2010Carlos Arrieta Abstract The focus of this work is the study of the thermal aging of high-performance fibers used in the making of fire protective garments. Accelerated thermal aging tests were carried out on fabric samples made up of a blend of Kevlar® (poly p -phenylene terephthalamide) and PBI (poly benzimidazole) staple fibers, as well as on yarns pulled from this fabric, by means of exposure to elevated temperatures, comprised between 190°C and 320°C. All samples underwent loss of breaking force retention. The material thermal life, defined as the time required for the fibers to attain a 50% reduction of the original breaking force, ranged between a dozen of days at the lowest exposure temperature, to less than an hour at the highest. Breaking force data were fitted using the Arrhenius model following two different approaches, namely the extrapolated thermal life value and the shift factors yielded by the time-temperature superposition (TTS). The Arrhenius model seemed to describe appropriately the overall aging process, as inferred from the excellent fit obtained when using both approaches, although activation energies provided from both approaches are different. To follow the chemical evolution of the material with thermal aging, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses were conducted. The qualitative analysis of the FTIR spectra showed little evidence of chemical changes between the aged and the nonaged samples, indicating either that the aging process carries on without significant modification of the chemical structure of the fibers, or that FTIR is not an appropriate method to spot such a modification. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] Creating whole life value proxemics in construction projectsBUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Issue 3 2001Robin Holt Whole life value is introduced as a concept for evaluating construction projects, which extends beyond the more typical use of optimized (equilibrium) utility preferences. By linking value and sustainability the concept allows for the consideration of ,price-less' evaluations within the construction project process. As an industry exposed perhaps more than any other to issues of public space and environmental impact, construction is being driven towards the use of complex, multi-issue consultations with stakeholders within which whole life value can operate as a contextual limit. By investigating traditional cost,benefit analysis routes, and then what are called ,aspects of sustainability', an argument is advanced for these consultations to be ongoing rather than one-off events. As such, they are to concern themselves with the framework of relationships (proxemics) by which distinct evaluations might be articulated and understood through the project process, rather than just how one arrives at a consensus of opinion. It is argued that the concept of value can only be applied fully to any project if consideration has been given to the ambience and context of stakeholder relations and attitudes as opposed to just the prevailing opinions. The virtue of such stakeholder involvement lies not in its ,rubber stamping' a separate process of activity, but in ensuring value is realized across asset life through a focus on attaining and sustaining conditions for the reflective articulation of need. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment [source] Survival Analysis Applied to Sensory Shelf Life of Yogurts,I: Argentine FormulationsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 7 2005Ana Curia ABSTRACT: :Sensory shelf lives of Argentine commercial stirred yogurts of different compositions stored at 10 °C were studied. Variations were as follows: fat-free and whole-fat, and vanilla and strawberry flavors. Yogurts were tested between 0 and 84 d of storage by consumers who expressed their acceptance or rejection of each sample; yogurts also were measured overall, as well as their attribute acceptability, with a hedonic scale. Survival analysis statistics were used to estimate shelf lives. Considering 25% of consumers rejecting the product, shelf lives were between 28 and 41 d; thus, a unique shelf life for this product does not seem reasonable. A log-linear model and a direct quantile comparison formula were introduced to analyze the effect of formulation on rejection time distributions and shelf life values, respectively. Overall, fat-free yogurts had lower shelf lives than whole-fat yogurts. [source] Survival Analysis Applied to Sensory Shelf Life of Yogurts,II: Spanish FormulationsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 7 2005Ana Salvador ABSTRACT: Sensory shelf lives of commercial Spanish yogurts stored at 10 °C were studied. Yogurts were strawberry flavored and differed in fat content (free and whole-fat) and consistency (stirred and set-style). Yogurts were tested between 0 and 90 d of storage by consumers who expressed acceptance or rejection of each sample and measured overall and attribute acceptability on a 9-point hedonic scale. Survival analysis statistics were used to estimate sensory shelf lives. Considering 25% of consumers rejecting the product, shelf lives varied from 38 to 69 d, depending on the composition, so if useful life were to be established using sensory criteria, a single shelf life for yogurt would not appear to be very appropriate. A log-linear model and a direct quantile comparison formula were introduced to analyze the effect of formulation on rejection time distributions and shelf life values, respectively. Fat-free yogurts had shorter shelf lives than whole-fat yogurts. Acceptability of yogurts measured on a 9-point hedonic scale varied less than percentage rejection over the storage times. [source] Mathematical Modeling of Microbial Growth in Packaged Refrigerated Orange Juice Treated with Chemical PreservativesJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 5 2001S.C. Andrés ABSTRACT Microbial flora of refrigerated orange juice was analyzed during storage at 10 °C and the effects of the following factors were discussed: 1) the previous washing process of the orange peel, 2) the different levels of the added preservatives (citric acid, ascorbic acid, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate), 3) the gaseous permeabilities of the packaging film. Gompertz equation was applied to model molds and yeasts growth for the different treatments and packaging conditions. The washing procedure with sodium hypochlorite extend 2,3 d the storage life of the juice (time to reach microbial counts of 106 CFU/ml) in both packaging films. The use of organic acids and potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate (1.66,6.94 mM) led to storage life values > 11 d in polyethylene and > 20 d in the low gaseous permeability film, maintaining good sanitary conditions. [source] Discrepancies between attainment and importance of life values and anxiety and depression in gastrointestinal cancer patients and their spousesPSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 6 2001Karin Nordin Patients' satisfaction with life, viewed in terms of the discrepancy between the perceived attainment and subjective importance of various life values, is a less often studied phenomenon for understanding the psychological adaptation in cancer patients. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between the degree of attainment and importance of life values on the one hand, and anxiety and depression, on the other. A consecutive series of 85 newly diagnosed patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, 52 potentially cured and 33 with an advanced disease, and 26 spouses to the patients with an advanced disease participated. The patients and spouses of non-cured patients filled out questionnaires twice, close to the diagnosis and after 1 (non-cured patients) or 3 months. Overall, large discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values were associated with high anxiety and depression. For the patients (both cured and non-cured), the discrepancies decreased for several life values over time, as did anxiety and depression. For the spouses of the non-cured patients, there was no decrease either for life value discrepancies or for anxiety/depression. This suggests that patients, in contrast to their spouses, strive to achieve small discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values, as part of their adjustment to serious diseases, e.g. cancer. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Life values before versus after a breast cancer diagnosis,RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 2 2002Claudia Lampic Abstract The main aim of this study was to investigate whether women's life values change with a breast cancer diagnosis. In addition, associations between life values and anxiety/depression ratings were investigated. Life value changes were prospectively studied in 517 women recalled for further examination after attending mammographic screening, 38 of whom were diagnosed with primary breast cancer. Life values were assessed by a study-specific version of a life value questionnaire, including ratings of the perceived attainment and importance of seven life value dimensions. Three months after being recalled, women diagnosed with primary breast cancer reported a reduction of the attainment and the importance of Health. In addition, these women reported changes in the perceived importance of Responsibility and Involvement. High levels of anxiety and depression in particular were associated with large discrepancies between attainment and importance for some life values. This suggests that changes in the perceived importance of some life values may constitute one part of women's psychological adaptation to a breast cancer diagnosis. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 25:89,98, 2002 [source] | ||||||||||