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Literature Comparing (literature + comparing)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	80%

Selected Abstracts

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Distance Learning: A Comparison Using Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, Issue 3 2004
Mike Allen
This article uses meta-analysis to summarize the quantitative literature comparing the performance of students in distance education versus traditional classes. The average effect (average r= .048, k= 39, N= 71,731) demonstrates that distance education course students slightly outperformed traditional students on exams and course grades. The average effect was heterogeneous, and the examination of several moderating features (presence or absence of simultaneous interaction, type of channel used in distance education, and course substance) failed to produce a homogeneous solution. The results demonstrate, however, no clear decline in educational effectiveness when using distance education technology. [source]

Radiosurgery versus carbon dioxide laser for dermatochalasis correction in Asians,

LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 2 2007
Carol S. Yu MBBS (Hons), MRCS (Edin)
Abstract Background and Objectives Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and radiosurgery are techniques commonly employed in oculoplastic surgery. However, there is no literature comparing their results in blepharoplasty. Study Design/Materials and Methods Twenty Chinese patients with dermatochalasis underwent radiosurgery in one upper eyelid and CO2 laser in the contralateral eyelid. Intraoperative time, hemorrhage, and pain control were assessed. Subjects were evaluated at postoperative 1 hour, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months for hemorrhage and wound healing by a masked assessor. Results All patients reported minimal pain with either technique. A significantly shorter operative time was achieved with CO2 laser, with better intraoperative hemostasis. There was no significant difference in postoperative hemorrhage and wound swelling between radiosurgery and CO2 laser. No significant intraoperative complications were noted. Conclusions Both radiosurgery and CO2 laser are equally safe and effective for upper lid blepharoplasty. CO2 laser achieves shorter operative time with superior intraoperative hemostasis. Lasers Surg. Med. 39:176,179, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Anesthesia for removal of inhaled foreign bodies in children

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 11 2004
Amit Soodan MD
Summary Background:, Foreign body aspiration may be a life-threatening emergency in children requiring immediate bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Both controlled and spontaneous ventilation techniques have been used during anesthesia for bronchoscopic foreign body removal. There is no prospective study in the literature comparing these two techniques. This prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare spontaneous and controlled ventilation during anesthesia for removal of inhaled foreign bodies in children. Methods:, Thirty-six children posted for rigid bronchoscopy for removal of airway foreign bodies over a period of 2 years and 2 months in our institution were studied. After induction with sleep dose of thiopentone or halothane, they were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. In group I, 17 children were ventilated after obtaining paralysis with suxamethonium. In group II, 19 children were breathing halothane spontaneously in 100% oxygen. Results:, All the patients in the spontaneous ventilation group had to be converted to assisted ventilation because of either desaturation or inadequate depth of anesthesia. There was a significantly higher incidence of coughing and bucking in the spontaneous ventilation group compared with the controlled ventilation group (P = 0.0012). Conclusion:, Use of controlled ventilation with muscle relaxants and inhalation anesthesia provides an even and adequate depth of anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy. [source]

NS13P A PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF TWO CERVICAL INTERBODY FUSION CAGES

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 2007
M. A. Hansen
Purpose For some time the surgical management of chronic back pain has utilised interbody lumbar cages. Recently interbody cages for use in the cervical spine have been produced. Cervical cages provide initial stability during the fusion process. There is little literature comparing the performance of interbody cage systems due to their relative recent introduction. Methodology Patients with symptomatic cervical degeneration or traumatic lesions were treated with the dynamic ABC 2 Aesculap anterior cervical plating system and either the B-Braun Samarys or Zimmer cage systems. A single surgeon conducted all surgery. Pre- and post-operative radiological examinations were compared. Changes in disc height at affected and adjacent levels, lordosis and evidence of fusion were recorded. Patient outcome was measured with questionnaires. The modified Oswestry neck pain disability and Copenhagen neck disability scale scores were utilised to allow comparison between patients. Results A total of 43 patients were involved in the study (30 with the Zimmer cage system and 13 with the Samarys cage). Patient follow-up has been up to 12 months. Improvement in disability scores was shown in 90% of patients. Follow up imaging did not demonstrate subsidence of the cage or adjacent instability in either group. There was no statistical difference in complication rate between the two groups. Discussion Initial stability was provided by both interbody cervical spine cage system. Rates of fusion and symptomatic relief compared favourably to fusion involving autogenous bone graft without associated morbidity. Longer follow up is necessary to determine whether there is evidence of adjacent level instability or vertebral end-plate subsidence. [source]

Alternative haematopoietic stem cell sources for transplantation: place of umbilical cord blood

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Angela R. Smith
Summary Umbilical cord blood has rapidly become a valuable alternative stem cell source for allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Extensive research over the last 20 years has established the safety and efficacy of umbilical cord blood transplantation in both children and adults with a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases. This research has clearly shown that this stem cell source has several unique characteristics resulting in distinct advantages and disadvantages when compared to transplantation with unrelated bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells. This article reviews the most recent literature comparing the outcomes after umbilical cord blood transplantation with other alternative stem cell sources. [source]