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Lipid Mobilization (lipid + mobilization)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences75%

Selected Abstracts

Topical application of Pya -AKH stimulates lipid mobilization and locomotion in the flightless bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera)

PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2002
Dalibor Kodrík
Abstract Two different methods of applying Pya -AKH to long-winged (macropterous) females of the firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (Linnaeus) (Heteroptera) were compared: both injection and topical application increased the levels of lipids in the haemolymph and stimulated locomotor activity. Lipid mobilization was maximal when 10 pmol was applied by injection or 40,100 pmol by topical application, with the first significant responses occurring 1.5 h after injection and 2 h after topical application. The highest elevations of lipid concentration in the haemolymph were comparable between the treatments, i.e. 14.36 ± 3.59 mg/mL for injection and 14.43 ± 4.07 mg/mL for topical application. However, these maximal elevations were achieved at different times: 3 h after the injection and 7 h after the topical application. Injection of 10 and 40 pmol of Pya -AKH stimulated locomotor activity with maximal activity 3 h later but, surprisingly, injection of 80 pmol showed no effect initially and than a slight inhibitory effect after 6,8 h. Increased locomotor activity was found after topical application of Pya -AKH, but the response was lower than after injection and appeared later, 5,9 h after the hormone application. In addition, the greatest increase in walking activity required topical application of 300 pmol and was still less dramatic than the response to injection. The stimulatory effect of Pya -AKH on locomotion was positively correlated with its effect on lipid mobilization only for injection of the hormone. It is argued that a stress caused by injection could play a role in the appearance of the complex response to adipokinetic hormone. [source]

Lipid mobilization from human abdominal, subcutaneous adipose tissue is independent of sex during steady-state exercise

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING, Issue 4 2006
Jens Bülow
Summary The aim of the study was to elucidate whether there are sex differences of significant biological importance in the human abdominal, subcutaneous adipose tissue lipid metabolism when studied by Fick's Principle during rest and exercise in steady-state conditions. The net mobilization of fatty acids and glycerol from the abdominal, subcutaneous adipose tissue was measured by arterio-venous catheterizations and simultaneous measurements of adipose tissue blood flow with the local Xe-clearance technique in 16 healthy, young normal weight men and women during rest, during 1 h of exercise at moderate intensity, and for another 60 min during post-exercise recovery. The results show that there are not significant sex differences with respect to the steady-state fatty acid and glycerol mobilizations neither during resting condition nor during exercise. [source]

Organochlorine contaminants in sea turtles: Correlations between whole blood and fat

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2004
Jennifer M. Keller
Abstract Monitoring toxic organochlorine(OC)compounds is an important aspect in wildlife studies, especially in protected species such as sea turtles. The goal of this study was to determine whether blood OC concentrations can predict those in adipose tissue of sea turtles. Blood offers many benefits for monitoring OCs. It can be collected nondestructively from live turtles and can be sampled repeatedly for continuous monitoring. Organochlorine concentrations in blood may better represent the exposure levels of target tissues, but blood concentrations may fluctuate more than those in fatty tissues following recent dietary exposure or lipid mobilization. Paired fat and blood samples were collected from 44 live, juvenile loggerhead sea turtles and 10 juvenile Kemp's ridley sea turtle carcasses. Organochlorines were analyzed using gas chromatography with electron capture detection and mass spectrometry. Lipid-normalized OC concentrations measured in the blood significantly correlated to levels found in the fat samples of both species. This result suggests that sea turtle blood is a suitable alternative to fatty tissues for measuring OCs because blood concentrations reasonably represent those observed in the paired fat samples. However, blood OC concentrations calculated on a wet-mass basis were significantly and inversely correlated to lipid content in the fat samples. Therefore, caution should be used when monitoring spatial or temporal trends, as OC levels may increase in the blood following mobilization of fat stores, such as during long migrations, breeding, or disease events. [source]

Topical application of Pya -AKH stimulates lipid mobilization and locomotion in the flightless bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera)

PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2002
Dalibor Kodrík
Abstract Two different methods of applying Pya -AKH to long-winged (macropterous) females of the firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (Linnaeus) (Heteroptera) were compared: both injection and topical application increased the levels of lipids in the haemolymph and stimulated locomotor activity. Lipid mobilization was maximal when 10 pmol was applied by injection or 40,100 pmol by topical application, with the first significant responses occurring 1.5 h after injection and 2 h after topical application. The highest elevations of lipid concentration in the haemolymph were comparable between the treatments, i.e. 14.36 ± 3.59 mg/mL for injection and 14.43 ± 4.07 mg/mL for topical application. However, these maximal elevations were achieved at different times: 3 h after the injection and 7 h after the topical application. Injection of 10 and 40 pmol of Pya -AKH stimulated locomotor activity with maximal activity 3 h later but, surprisingly, injection of 80 pmol showed no effect initially and than a slight inhibitory effect after 6,8 h. Increased locomotor activity was found after topical application of Pya -AKH, but the response was lower than after injection and appeared later, 5,9 h after the hormone application. In addition, the greatest increase in walking activity required topical application of 300 pmol and was still less dramatic than the response to injection. The stimulatory effect of Pya -AKH on locomotion was positively correlated with its effect on lipid mobilization only for injection of the hormone. It is argued that a stress caused by injection could play a role in the appearance of the complex response to adipokinetic hormone. [source]