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Linum Usitatissimum L. (linum + usitatissimum_l)
Selected AbstractsLinseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Cultivars and Breeding Lines as Stem Biomass ProducersJOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, Issue 4 2000H. S. Sankari Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) stems, which contain bast fibres, make up a considerable part of the linseed biomass, but are considered a by-product of no value. The feasibility of cultivating existing linseed cultivars and breeding lines for dual-purpose use of stem and seed was studied in 1995,97 in Jokioinen, Finland. Finnish linseed cv. Helmi was compared with 10 linseed genotypes and one flax cultivar for stem yield, ratio of stem yield to seed yield, and plant stand height and density. The stem yield of cv. Helmi averaged 1317 kg dry matter ha -1. Significantly higher stem yields were produced by breeding lines Bor 15 and Bor 18 and cvs Gold Merchant, Norlin and Martta. The cv. Helmi produced lower stem yield than seed yield while breeding lines Bor 15 and Bor 18 and cvs Gold Merchant and Martta yielded more stem than seeds. The difference in the ratio of stem yield to seed yield between them and cv. Helmi was statistically significant. The mean plant stand height was 60.3 cm and the final plant density 594 plants m -2. No relationship was found between stem yield and height or density. Within 2 days of seed threshing, stems of early maturing Finnish genotypes dried up in the field to nearly 15 % moisture content, even in the middle of September (1996). The early maturing breeding lines Bor 15 and Bor 18, with their significantly higher stem yields relative to cv. Helmi, are recommended for dual-purpose use. Zusammenfassung Der bastfasernenthaltende Stengel des Ölleins (Linum usitatissimum L.) bildet einen Grossteil der oberirdischen Biomasse von Öllein, der häufig keiner Nutzung zugeführt wird. Um das Potential bestehender Ölleinsorten und -zuchtlinien für eine Doppelnutzung von Samen und Stengelbiomasse zu überprüfen, wurden in den Jahren 1995,97 in Jokioinen (Finland) Feldversuche durchgeführt. Die finnische Ölleinsorte Helmi wurde mit zehn Ölleinzuchtstämmen und einer Faserleinsorte angebaut, und der Stengelertrag, der Stengelertrag im Verhältnis zum Samenertrag und die Bestandeshöhe und -dichte wurden ermittelt. Der Stengelertrag betrug bei Helmi durchschnittlich 1317 kg Trockenmasse ha -1. Signifikant höhere Stengelerträge wurden von den Zuchtlinien Bor 15 und Bor 18, den Sorten Gold Merchant, Norlin und Martta produziert. Helmi produzierte im Mittel einen geringeren Stengel , als Samenertrag. Die Stengelerträge der Zuchtstämme Bor 15 und Bor 18 und der Sorten Gold Merchant und Martta waren höher als die Samenerträge. Zwischen diesen Genotypen und der Sorte Helmi ist der Unterschied des Ertragsverhältnisses signifikant. Die Bestandeshöhe lag im Durchschnitt bei 60,3 cm und die Bestandesdichte betrug im Mittel 594 Pflanzen m -2. Eine Korrelation zwischen dem Stengelertrag und der Bestandeshöhe bzw. -dichte konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Die Stengel der frühen finnischen Genotypen trockneten nach dem Dreschen auf dem Feld (Mitte September 1996) in zwei Tagen auf einen Feuchtegehalt von 15% ab. Die frühreifen Zuchtlinien Bor 15 und Bor 18 können aufgrund ihrer signifikant höheren Stengelerträge im Vergleich zu der Sorte Helmi für eine Doppelnutzung empfohlen werden. [source] SEMOLINA AND HYDRATION LEVEL DURING EXTRUSION AFFECT QUALITY OF FRESH PASTA CONTAINING FLAXSEED FLOURJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 4 2008SHALINI SINHA ABSTRACT Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an emerging food ingredient because of its several health benefits. Research was conducted to determine the effects of semolina, hydration level during extrusion and flaxseed flour concentration on the physical and cooking characteristics of freshly extruded pasta. The appearance of fresh pasta reflected the appearance of the ingredients. Fresh pasta became darker and redder as flaxseed flour concentration increased. Flaxseed flour did not affect cooking loss or water absorption during cooking of fresh pasta. However, flaxseed flour reduced the cooked firmness of fresh pasta by decreasing the dough strength. The cooked firmness of fresh pasta containing flaxseed flour was improved by using a semolina that makes a strong dough rather than a weak dough, and by extruding at a low (29%) compared to high (31%) hydration level. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Research results reported in this article would be useful in the development of a processing protocol for fresh pasta containing flaxseed flour and possibly other nontraditional ingredients. The results provide support for the need to use a strong dough-forming semolina and to extrude the semolina,flaxseed flour mixture at a low hydration level (29%) in order to produce a fresh pasta that has desirable cooking/cooked properties. [source] Cultivation of flax in spoil-bank clay: Mycorrhizal inoculation vs. high organic amendmentsJOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE, Issue 6 2008David Püschel Abstract A greenhouse experiment was focused on the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in effective crop production during reclamation of coal-mine spoil banks. The aim of the study was to find out whether mycorrhizal inoculation improves growth of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and whether it can compensate for high doses of expensive organic amendment. Flax was planted in original spoil-bank gray Miocene clay amended with organic matter used for spoil-bank reclamation (mixture of composted urban waste and lignocellulose papermill waste). This amendment was applied in four descending doses equivalent to the application of 500, 200, 100, and 0 t ha,1. The plants received either a mixed inoculum of three AMF species (Glomus mosseae, G. claroideum, and G. intraradices) or were left uninoculated. Growth of flax was significantly increased by mycorrhizal inoculation in pure clay (by 60%) as well as in clay with all amendment doses (by 119% on average). Also, the addition of organic matter increased plant growth but, interestingly, the biomass production was comparable regardless the dose of amendment. Our results suggest that similar yields are attainable with only one fifth of the usual fertilization dose, which can significantly decrease costs related to the reclamation of spoil banks. If mycorrhizal inoculation is applied together with the optimized fertilization, growth of flax planted in spoil-bank clay can be further improved. [source] A combined HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS method for the identification of lignans and its application to the lignans of Linum usitatissimum L. and L. bienne Mill.,PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, Issue 5 2006Thomas J. Schmidt Abstract A combined HPLC-UV/PAD and HPLC-ESI/MS method allowing the fast detection and identification/structural characterisation of lignans of different structural subclasses is described. Twenty-four lignans of different skeletal types were analysed and the combined information derived from their UV and ESI/MS spectra led to the identification of group characteristics that can be used to establish the structure of unknown lignans in plant samples. This method was successfully applied to the identification of lignans in crude extracts of Linum usitatissimum L. and L. bienne Mill. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||