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Antimycobacterial Activity (antimycobacterial + activity)
Selected AbstractsSynthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Azetidine-, Quinazoline-, and Triazolo-thiadiazole-containing PyrazinesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 4 2010Chandrakant G. Bonde Abstract The re-emergence of tuberculosis (TB) as a global health problem over the past few decades, accompanied by the rise of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, emphasizes the need for the discovery of new therapeutic drugs against this disease. The emerging serious problem both in terms of TB control and clinical management prompted us to synthesize a novel series of N -[2-(substituted aryl)-3-chloro-4-oxoazetidin-1-yl]-2-(pyrazin-2-yloxy)acetamide, 6-(substituted aryl)-3-[(pyrazin-2-yloxy)methyl][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, and N -[6-({2-[(pyrazin-2-yloxy)acetyl] hydrazino}sulfonyl)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolin-3(2H)yl]-substituted aryl sulfonamides. The compounds were synthesized using the appropriate synthetic route. All synthesized compounds were assayed in vitro for antimycobacterial activity against the H37 Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the test compounds as well as for the reference standards. The compound which exhibited good antimycobacterial activity contains the substituents fluorine and methoxy. These electron-withdrawing or -donating substituents amend the lipophilicity of the test compounds which, in turn, alter the permeability across the bacterial cell membrane. Compounds 28, 37, and 43 showed good antimycobacterial activity while compound 51 showed a promising antimycobacterial activity. [source] Synthesis of Imidazole Derivatives with Antimycobacterial ActivityARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 1 2010Pedro O. Miranda Abstract 4-Substituted 1-(p -methoxybenzyl)imidazoles were designed and synthesized in order to mimic parts of the structure of highly potent antimycobacterial 6-aryl-9-(p -methoxybenzyl)purines. 4-Haloimidazoles were subjected to Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling in order to introduce a (hetero)aryl group, or they were converted to Grignard reagents and reacted with (hetero)arylaldehydes. Further transformations of the adducts gave a variety of potential antimycobacterials with different "spacers" between the imidazole and (hetero)aryl group. The adduct from furfural was rearranged to a cyclopentenone derivative when treated with methanol under acidic conditions. Several target compounds exhibited antimycobacterial activity in vitro (IC90 13 ,g/mL for the best inhibitors), but they were not as active as the most potent purines and pyrimidines synthesized before. [source] Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of a Novel Series of Isonicotinylhydrazide DerivativesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 12 2009Sandip Jaju Abstract A novel series of 14 new isonicotinyl hydrazide derivatives 2a,g, 3a,g containing a 4-thiazolidinone / 2-azetidinone nucleus were synthesized by reacting N,-substituted arylidene / heteroarylidene isonicotinyl hydrazide 1a,g with thioglycollic acid in the presence of dry benzene and with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine, respectively. Structures of all newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). All the title compounds were tested for their in-vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using Alamar-Blue susceptibility test, and the activity is expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in ,g/mL. Among the series, compounds 2b, 2g, 3b, and 3g displayed an encouraging antimycobacterial activity profile as compared to that of the reference drugs isoniazid / rifampicin. [source] Multi-Component Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidines by Iodine Catalyst at Ambient Temperature and in-vitro Antimycobacterial ActivityARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 8 2009Paresh Zalavadiya Abstract An efficient and simple three-component domino synthesis of some new dihydropyrimidines (DHPMs) from aromatic aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and N -(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)urea using molecular iodine as catalyst is described. The 1-substituted dihydropyrimidines were isolated in good to excellent yields (78-90%) within a short reaction time (4-6 h) at ambient temperature. The biological evaluation revealed that the newly synthesized compounds (4a - i and 5a - i) exhibited moderate antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 RV. [source] Isonicotinoylhydrazothiazoles and Isonicotinoyl-N4 -substituted Thiosemicarbazides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimycobacterial Activity.CHEMINFORM, Issue 8 2007Maria Cristina Cardia Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of 1,2,4-Triazole 3-Benzylsulfanyl Derivatives.CHEMINFORM, Issue 34 2004Vera Klimesova Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Antimycobacterial Activity of New Quinoxaline-2-carbonitrile and Quinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-Di-N-oxide Derivatives.CHEMINFORM, Issue 24 2001M. A. Ortega Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] 2-Aryl-3-(1H -Azol-1-yl)-1H -Indole Derivatives: A New Class of Antimycobacterial Compounds , Conventional Heating in Comparison with MW-Assisted SynthesisARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 12 2009Daniele Zampieri Abstract 2-Aryl-3-(1H -imidazol-1-yl and 1H -1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1H -indole derivatives were synthesized and tested for their in-vitro antifungal and antimycobacterial activities. These indole derivatives were devoid of antifungal activity against the tested strains of Candida spp. Yet, they exhibited an interesting antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis reference strain H37Rv. [source] Synthesis and in-vitro Antimycobacterial Evaluation of 1-(Cyclopropyl/2,4-difluorophenyl/tert- butyl)-1,4-dihydro- 8-methyl-6-nitro-4-oxo-7-(substituted secondary amino)quinoline-3-carboxylic acidsARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 2 2009Palaniappan Senthilkumar Abstract Fifty one newer 1-(cyclopropyl/2,4-difluorophenyl/tert -butyl)-1,4-dihydro-8-methyl-6-nitro-4-oxo-7-(substituted secondary amino)quinoline-3-carboxylic acids were synthesized from 1,3-dichloro-2-methylbenzene and evaluated for in-vitro antimycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB), multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and Mycobacterium smegmatis (MC2). Among the synthesized compounds, 1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-7-(3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)-8-methyl-6-nitro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 9p was found to be the most active compound in vitro with a MIC value of 0.39 ,M against MTB. Against MDR-TB, compound 7-(2-carboxy-5,6-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-8-methyl-6-nitro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 9n was found to be the most active with a MIC value of 0.09 ,M. [source] The effect of ultraviolet B-induced vitamin D levels on host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a pilot study in immigrant Asian adults living in the United KingdomPHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE, Issue 2 2008Paul Devakar Yesudian Summary Asian immigrants to the United Kingdom demonstrate much higher tuberculosis rates than the indigenous population. This is postulated to be because of their low vitamin D levels, consequent upon a combination of diet and their reduced ultraviolet (UV) exposure in the United Kingdom, because vitamin D enhances antimycobacterial activity in in vitro systems. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between UVB exposure, vitamin D levels and tuberculo-immunity in Asian immigrants in the United Kingdom. Suberythemal UVB treatments were given to eight subjects on 3 consecutive days, using broadband UVB fluorescent lamps. Blood was sampled for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) and whole blood functional assays were performed for antimycobacterial immunity. The mean 25-OH D level increased from a baseline of 11.23 ng/ml (95% CI 6.7,20.39) to 20.39 ng/ml (95% CI 16.6,20) following UVB treatment, P<0.01. However, no significant change in antimycobacterial immunity occurred following UVB exposure. This pilot study in Asian subjects with good baseline tuberculo-immunity has not supported a role for UVB-induced 25-OH D in the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [source] Activity against drug resistant-tuberculosis strains of plants used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat tuberculosis and other respiratory diseasesPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2008María del Rayo Camacho-Corona Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) kills about 3 million people per year worldwide. Furthermore, TB is an infectious disease associated with HIV patients, and there is a rise in multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases around the world. There is a need for new anti-TB agents. The study evaluated the antimycobacterial activity of nine plants used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases. Nasturtium officinale showed the best activity (MIC = 100 µg/mL) against the sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The following plants were active also but at 200 µg/mL: Citrus sinensis, Citrus aurantifolia, Foeniculum vulgare, Larrea tridentata, Musa acuminata and Olea europaea. Contrary to the above data, activity against drug-resistant variants of M. tuberculosis was more evident, e.g. N. officinale was the most potent (MIC , 100 µg/mL) against the four mono-resistant variants tested; F. vulgare and O. europaea were active against all the resistant variants (MICs , 100 µg/mL). The most susceptible variant was the isoniazid resistant, being inhibited by C. aurantifolia, C. sinensis and O. europaea (MIC = 25 µg/mL). These data point to the importance of biological testing of extracts against drug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates, and the bioguided assay of these extracts for the identification of lead compounds against MDR-TB isolates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Azetidine-, Quinazoline-, and Triazolo-thiadiazole-containing PyrazinesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 4 2010Chandrakant G. Bonde Abstract The re-emergence of tuberculosis (TB) as a global health problem over the past few decades, accompanied by the rise of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, emphasizes the need for the discovery of new therapeutic drugs against this disease. The emerging serious problem both in terms of TB control and clinical management prompted us to synthesize a novel series of N -[2-(substituted aryl)-3-chloro-4-oxoazetidin-1-yl]-2-(pyrazin-2-yloxy)acetamide, 6-(substituted aryl)-3-[(pyrazin-2-yloxy)methyl][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, and N -[6-({2-[(pyrazin-2-yloxy)acetyl] hydrazino}sulfonyl)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolin-3(2H)yl]-substituted aryl sulfonamides. The compounds were synthesized using the appropriate synthetic route. All synthesized compounds were assayed in vitro for antimycobacterial activity against the H37 Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the test compounds as well as for the reference standards. The compound which exhibited good antimycobacterial activity contains the substituents fluorine and methoxy. These electron-withdrawing or -donating substituents amend the lipophilicity of the test compounds which, in turn, alter the permeability across the bacterial cell membrane. Compounds 28, 37, and 43 showed good antimycobacterial activity while compound 51 showed a promising antimycobacterial activity. [source] Synthesis of Imidazole Derivatives with Antimycobacterial ActivityARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 1 2010Pedro O. Miranda Abstract 4-Substituted 1-(p -methoxybenzyl)imidazoles were designed and synthesized in order to mimic parts of the structure of highly potent antimycobacterial 6-aryl-9-(p -methoxybenzyl)purines. 4-Haloimidazoles were subjected to Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling in order to introduce a (hetero)aryl group, or they were converted to Grignard reagents and reacted with (hetero)arylaldehydes. Further transformations of the adducts gave a variety of potential antimycobacterials with different "spacers" between the imidazole and (hetero)aryl group. The adduct from furfural was rearranged to a cyclopentenone derivative when treated with methanol under acidic conditions. Several target compounds exhibited antimycobacterial activity in vitro (IC90 13 ,g/mL for the best inhibitors), but they were not as active as the most potent purines and pyrimidines synthesized before. [source] Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of a Novel Series of Isonicotinylhydrazide DerivativesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 12 2009Sandip Jaju Abstract A novel series of 14 new isonicotinyl hydrazide derivatives 2a,g, 3a,g containing a 4-thiazolidinone / 2-azetidinone nucleus were synthesized by reacting N,-substituted arylidene / heteroarylidene isonicotinyl hydrazide 1a,g with thioglycollic acid in the presence of dry benzene and with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine, respectively. Structures of all newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). All the title compounds were tested for their in-vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using Alamar-Blue susceptibility test, and the activity is expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in ,g/mL. Among the series, compounds 2b, 2g, 3b, and 3g displayed an encouraging antimycobacterial activity profile as compared to that of the reference drugs isoniazid / rifampicin. [source] Multi-Component Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidines by Iodine Catalyst at Ambient Temperature and in-vitro Antimycobacterial ActivityARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 8 2009Paresh Zalavadiya Abstract An efficient and simple three-component domino synthesis of some new dihydropyrimidines (DHPMs) from aromatic aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and N -(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)urea using molecular iodine as catalyst is described. The 1-substituted dihydropyrimidines were isolated in good to excellent yields (78-90%) within a short reaction time (4-6 h) at ambient temperature. The biological evaluation revealed that the newly synthesized compounds (4a - i and 5a - i) exhibited moderate antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 RV. [source] Preparation and in-vitro Evaluation of 4-Benzylsulfanylpyridine-2-carbohydrazides as Potential Antituberculosis AgentsARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 7 2009Petra Herzigová Abstract A set of 4-benzylsulfanylpyridine-2-carbohydrazides was synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis. The activities expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) fall into a range of 2 to 125 ,mol/L, most often 4 to 32 ,mol/L. The results revealed that the substituents on the benzyl moiety do not influence the antimycobacterial efficacy. The substances exhibited similar activities against sensitive and resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, compounds show low antiproliferative effect and cytotoxicity. [source] N- Benzylsalicylthioamides: Highly Active Potential AntituberculoticsARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 2 2009Rafael Dole Abstract A gseries of 29 new derivatives of N -benzylsalicylthioamides was synthesized and the compounds were tested for in-vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, and Mycobacterium avium. The activity was analyzed by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). Activity increased with increasing lipophilicity and electron donating effect of the substituents in the acyl moiety and decreased with the electrophilic superdelocalizability of the molecules. The most active compounds are more active than isoniazid (INH) and are active against INH-resistant potential pathogenic strains of mycobacterium. [source] | |||||||||||||