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Anthropology
Kinds of Anthropology Selected AbstractsFOUR GENEALOGIES FOR A RECOMBINANT ANTHROPOLOGY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYCULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2007MICHAEL M. J. FISCHER First page of article [source] KOSELLECK, ARENDT, AND THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF HISTORICAL EXPERIENCEHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 2 2010STEFAN-LUDWIG HOFFMANN ABSTRACT This essay is the first attempt to compare Reinhart Koselleck's Historik with Hannah Arendt's political anthropology and her critique of the modern concept of history. Koselleck is well-known for his work on conceptual history as well as for his theory of historical time(s). It is my contention that these different projects are bound together by Koselleck's Historik, that is, his theory of possible histories. This can be shown through an examination of his writings from Critique and Crisis to his final essays on historical anthropology, most of which have not yet been translated into English. Conversely, Arendt's political theory has in recent years been the subject of numerous interpretations that do not take into account her views about history. By comparing the anthropological categories found in Koselleck's Historik with Arendt's political anthropology, I identify similar intellectual lineages in them (Heidegger, Löwith, Schmitt) as well as shared political sentiments, in particular the anti-totalitarian impulse of the postwar era. More importantly, Koselleck's theory of the preconditions of possible histories and Arendt's theory of the preconditions of the political, I argue, transcend these lineages and sentiments by providing essential categories for the analysis of historical experience. [source] ECCLESIAL EXISTENCE: PERSON AND COMMUNITY IN THE TRINITARIAN ANTHROPOLOGY OF ADRIENNE VON SPEYRMODERN THEOLOGY, Issue 3 2008MICHELE M. SCHUMACHER Best known for her extraordinary influence upon Hans Urs von Balthasar, Adrienne von Speyr is perhaps overshadowed by the same. Here is an effort to expose her profound mystical insights concerning the specifically Trinitarian dimension of anthropology. Of key significance is the concept of surrender, whereby the human person participates in the fundamental disposition of Christ, whose self-gift is revealed as obedient receptivity vis-à-vis the Father and loving generosity vis-à-vis the world. This in turn is revelatory of the eternal surrender of each divine Person to the Others in a continuous exchange of love. The human person thus participates in divine life by the means that characterize it: love of God and neighbor. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: Introducing Public Anthropology Reviews, September 2010AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010David Vine No abstract is available for this article. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: Brazilian Cosmopolitics,Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology (http://www.vibrant.org.br/index_english.html)AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Gustavo Lins Ribeiro No abstract is available for this article. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: Vibrant: A ReviewAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Janet Chernela No abstract is available for this article. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: This Is Our Culture: Anthropology and the Public Sphere in MalaysiaAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Eric C. Thompson No abstract is available for this article. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: Tokyo Green Space [http://tokyogreenspace.wordpress.com/]AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Robert Rotenberg No abstract is available for this article. [source] PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY: The 2009 UN Climate Talks: Alternate Media and Participation from AnthropologistsAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Edward M. Maclin ABSTRACT, The United Nations climate talks in Copenhagen during December of 2009 were surrounded by numerous side events. Some anthropologists and other social scientists at these events used the Web as a technology for reporting on activities as they occurred. The success of alternate publishing fora is difficult to gauge, but these weblogs reflect some of the difficulties faced by lone researchers in observing and reporting on large-scale meetings. Some geographers, in contrast, came to Copenhagen as part of an effort organized through the Association of American Geographers. Such a planned and collaborative process may be useful for anthropologists at future meetings. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: Seeing ChinaAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Marc L. Moskowitz No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: Chinese Documentaries: From Dogma to Polyphony by Yingchi ChuAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Paola Iovene No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: From Underground to Independent: Alternative Film Culture in Contemporary China edited by Paul Pickowicz and Yingjin ZhangAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Weihong Bao No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: Up the Yangtze by Yung ChangAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010David Schak No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: We Are the , of Communism (Women shi gongchan zhuyi shenglüehao) by Cui Zi'enAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Seio Nakajima No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: China Independent Documentary Film ArchiveAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Matthew D. Johnson No abstract is available for this article. [source] VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY: Road to Heaven: Encounters with Chinese Hermits by Bill Porter Amongst White Clouds: Buddhist Hermit Masters of China's Zhongnan Mountains by Edward A. BurgerAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2010Eric Reinders No abstract is available for this article. [source] A FUTURE FOR MUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY?MUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh First page of article [source] FREUD'S LETTERS TO FLIESS: FROM SEDUCTION TO SEXUAL BIOLOGY, FROM PSYCHOPATHOLOGY TO A CLINICAL ANTHROPOLOGYTHE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, Issue 5 2001Tomas Geyskens The author describes the development of Freud's theory of neurosis from 1892 onwards, starting with his distinction between the actual neuroses and the psychoneuroses and his discovery of a specific, sexual aetiology for both, until which point it remained limited to pathology. The problem of the aetiology of perversion, however, confronted him with a paradox within the theory of seduction: how can an infantile sexual pleasure produce unpleasure when it is remembered at the time of puberty? This problem could not be solved within the framework of the seduction theory because the asexuality of childhood was essential to this theory. For an answer Freud had to turn to biology. He considered that the transformation of an infantile pleasure into unpleasure presupposed an organic repression of non-genital sexual pleasure. This hypothesis of organic repression radically changed the anthropological claim of Freud's theory. As long as he was looking for a specific aetiology of neurosis and perversion, Freud's theory remained restricted to pathology. However, when he introduced infantile sexuality and its organic repression as universal organic processes, the strict distinction between normality and pathology could not be maintained. The author concludes that by turning to sexual biology, Freud transformed psychopathology into a clinical anthropology. [source] CONTOURS OF AN ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE CHINESE STATE: POLITICAL STRUCTURE, AGENCY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL CHINATHE JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, Issue 3 2004Frank N. Pieke Anthropologists have long been inclined to view China from the perspective of a state-society dichotomy. In this model, the inevitable consequence of economic reform is that , especially at the local level , the state must yield more and more of its power to entrepreneurs, foreign investors, non-state organizations, and local communities. Not only does this approach distort the role of the state in society, but by placing the state above and outside society it also excludes it from the anthropological gaze. This article proposes an anthropology of the Chinese state which does not merely view the state in society, but also investigates the state itself as society. Drawing on fieldwork in northeastern Yunnan province, I illustrate this general point by investigating the changing role of the local state in economic development. This agenda for an anthropology of the Chinese state resonates both with the recent ,reinvention' of the subfield of political anthropology with its focus on governmentality, policy, and rights, and with recent calls by political scientists for the development of an interdisciplinary anthropology of the developmental state. [source] THE BLUR: BALANCING APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY, ACTIVISM, AND SELF VIS-À-VIS IMMIGRANT COMMUNITIESANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2009Alayne Unterberger Anthropologists who work with immigrant communities engage in culture change while balancing challenges, competing priorities, and politics. This Bulletin provides a rare view into the personal and professional when working as both an advocate and an academic simultaneously. I provide a basic overview of the history of anthropologists engaging immigrant communities, which overlaps with the movement of anthropology and education, Americanization projects, and refugee anthropology. Next, I present an overview of three themes that emerge from the articles in this Bulletin. I end with a series of discussion points that could be utilized for classes or as a framework for anthropologists engaged with vulnerable immigrant groups in social change. I appreciate the amazing efforts of all the contributors in this Bulletin and the unwavering support provided to us by David Himmelgreen and Satish Kedia, coeditors of the NAPA Bulletin series, without which this Bulletin would not have happened at all. [source] INVENTING A PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY WITH LATINO FARM LABOR ORGANIZERS IN NORTH CAROLINAANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2009Sandy Smith-Nonini In this article, I summarize my experience conducting "an experiment in public anthropology" involving ethnographic fieldwork on a labor union struggle from the standpoint of volunteer work with community advocates for farm labor rights in North Carolina between 1998 and 2004. Theoretical rationales for participatory action research, issues of access, pros and cons from an information-gathering perspective, and ethical perspectives are discussed. [source] RECENT CHANGES AND TRENDS IN THE PRACTICE OF APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGYANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2008Satish Kedia The emergent global economy of the 21st century will create an ever greater need for research-based information and pragmatic utilization of social science skills, creating new work opportunities for applied anthropologists in a variety of settings. However, anthropologists may need to adjust their traditional roles and tasks, approaches and methods, and priorities and guidelines to practice their craft effectively. Anthropological training and education must be based in sound ethnographic techniques, using contemporary tools, participatory methods, and interdisciplinary knowledge in order to accommodate faster-paced work environments and to disseminate their findings efficiently to a diverse audience while fulfilling the goal of empowering and enabling humans around the world to address social, economic, and health issues, along with other pressing concerns facing their communities. [source] CAN THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF TOURISM MAKE US BETTER TRAVELERS?ANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2005ERVE CHAMBERS Although the deliberate study of tourism is still relatively new in anthropology, we have over the past couple of decades managed to accumulate an impressive amount of research and experience. This article asks whether our inquiries can provide us with any practical knowledge regarding how tourism is conducted. While it has proven difficult to generalize the impacts of tourism upon particular communities, I argue here that our present knowledge can help us develop guidelines for responsible tourism that are more realistic than those that are usually offered. The danger for well-meaning travelers is that they are often encouraged to assume that their motives alone place them above those mass travelers who are so easily criticized for their lack of cultural interest or sensitivity. The anthropological approach to tourism described here suggests that we might be better off if we recognize that our intrusions into the places of others are not really all that different. This article provides some "alternative travel tips" aimed at creating more aware travelers. [source] Covers, volume 25, Number 6, 2009ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 6 2009Article first published online: 26 NOV 200 Front and back cover caption, volume 25 issue 6 ANTHROPOLOGY IN CHINA In China the history of anthropology is tightly linked to the discovery and documentation of ethnic diversity within the state. The 16th Congress of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences was held in China in summer 2009 in the southwestern state of Yunnan, where this diversity is most pronounced. Participants were encouraged to visit model communities, enjoy music and dance performances by the minorities, and admire their colourful costumes, as in this picture, which shows how VIP guests were welcomed to the closing ceremony of the Congress. Yet just a few weeks earlier, at the other end of the country in Xinjiang, almost 200 people were killed in the worst ethnic rioting since Liberation 60 years ago. While most economic and educational indicators suggest that socialist ethnic policies have been an impressive success, evidently not all is harmonious. Especially among Tibetans and Uyghurs, policies of recognition and the emphasis on a territorial homeland have fostered aspirations which cannot be satisfied by stepping up support for folklore and building ever larger ethnic museums and theme parks. In these regions, the evidence which power holders present as proof of progress and integration, and even as the accomplishment of an ancient civilizing mission, is interpreted locally in terms of assimilation. These tensions constrain the possibilities for anthropological research, for Chinese and foreign scholars alike. In his contribution to this issue, Chris Hann juxtaposes his impressions of the Congress in Kunming with his experiences of rural fieldwork among the Uyghurs of Xinjiang. [source] Front and Back Covers, Volume 25, Number 4.ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 4 2009August 200 Front and Back cover caption, volume 25 issue 4 ETHNOGRHAPHIC DOCUMENTARIES AND PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY Ethnographic documentaries are a shop window for anthropology. These cover photos represent three well received films shown at the most recent RAI International Festival of Ethnographic Film held at Leeds Metropolitan University in July. The festival is a biennial event at which visual anthropologists, filmmakers and documentarists mingle. The front cover image is from the film Black mountain. A once unremarkable site of multi-faith pilgrimage to a Sufi saint has been transformed and its local history rewritten. The film documents the journey of Charlotte Whitby-Coles, a PhD student who, whilst researching religious pilgrimages, stumbled on the politicization of a pilgrimage site in western India. Her research suggests that Kalo Dungar (Black Mountain), situated in the Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, provides a micro-example of current political issues in India today that threaten the ideal of ,unity in diversity' for the country. The top image on the back cover is taken from Between the lines, a film by Thomas Wartman on India's ,third gender' that follows photographer Anita Khemka as she explores the hidden hijra subculture of Bombay. Khemka is fascinated by the spiritual powers of the outcast hijras , biological men who dress as women but reject identification with either gender. Accompanying three hijras, Khemka discusses intimate details , their matriarchal surrogate families, castration ceremonies, sexuality, begging and prostitution. Khemka's ability to initiate personal dialogue about persistent cultural stereotypes of gender provides insight into a social group currently at the forefront of the fight for gender equality in India. The lower image is from the film Enet Yapai by Daniela Vavrova. Enet Yapai was six years old when Vavrova first met her in 2005 in Ambonwari village, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. Between November 2007 and April 2008 she followed Enet and her mother Alexia on their way to process sago, catch fish or collect grass for baskets and mats. This experimental film captures the subtleties of the interaction between Enet Yapai, the camera and the filmmaker. For details of the prizes awarded at the festival, see p. 29 of this issue or http://www.raifilmfest.org.uk. [source] ANTHROPOLOGY ON BEDS: THE BED AS THE FIELD OF RESEARCHANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 6 2007Els Van Dongen First page of article [source] COSMOPOLITANISM AND ANTHROPOLOGY: Association of Social Anthropologists Diamond Jubilee Conference, University of Keele, 10,13 April 2006ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 4 2006Alex Hall No abstract is available for this article. [source] Front and Back Covers, Volume 22, Number 3.ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 3 2006June 200 Front and back cover caption, volume 22 issue 3 Front & back cover ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIAL MEMORY The front cover shows a statue Of General Francisco Franco In the exhibition 'Franco, Listen!', held at the Museum of Vilafranca del Penedès, Barcelona. The statue was displayed with the aim of stimulating comment, dialogue and action among museum visitors around the time of the 30th anniversary of the dictator's death on 20 November 1975. It was attacked by a group of Catalan pro-independence activists, who poured red paint over Franco's head, invested him with a crown, and hung a sign around his neck reading: 'The Spanish Monarchy is a direct inheritance from Franco - end the hypocrisy.' The back cover shows a formerly unmarked mass grave strewn with floral tributes after a spontaneous ceremony led by relatives of the 46 people killed near Villamayor de los Montes (Burgos), following the exhumation of the bodies in July 2004. In this issue, Francisco Ferrándiz describes the debates taking place in Spain around the exhumation of mass graves from the Civil War (1936-1939). In the last few years the strength of the 'movement for the recovery of historical memory' linked to the exhumations has been such that some on the political right are denouncing the advent of a 'new hegemony of the defeated' that is taking the place of the 'agreement of all' which many believe was the trademark of the Spanish transition to democracy. Proposing that anthropologists visit and address the sites of memory - exhumations, cemeteries, political discourses, laws and commemorations, claims of victimhood, media reports, artistic performances, forensic laboratories, academic meetings and summer schools, historiographical debates, civil associations, historical archives, public and private rituals, narratives of the defeat and old photo albums, to name a few - Ferrándiz encourages anthropology to engage in 'rapid response' research, to diversify fieldwork locations, to modulate research strategies in order to address rapidly evolving problems, to continue visiting the sites of violence, past and present, and to produce the type of knowledge that allows us to participate in substantive ways in social and political debates well beyond our discipline and beyond our academic setting. [source] Front and Back Covers, Volume 22, Number 2.ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 2 2006April 200 Front and back cover caption, volume 22 issue 2 Front & back cover ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE. The debate around the likelihood of humans encountering extraterrestrial life is based in the broad context of cosmic evolution, which encompasses astronomical, biological and socio-cultural evolution. In this depiction of cosmic evolution from the US National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA), the upper left portion shows the formation of stars, the production of heavy elements and the formation of planetary systems, including our own. On the lower left-hand side prebiotic molecules, RNA and DNA are formed within the first billion years on the primitive Earth. The centre shows the origin and evolution of life leading to increasing complexity, culminating with intelligence, culture, and the astronomers who contemplate the universe on the upper right. The image was created by David DesMarais, Thomas Scattergood and Linda Jahnke at NASA's Ames Research Center in 1986, and reissued in 1997. In this issue Steven J. Dick, Chief Historian at NASA, recounts the history of anthropological involvement in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, and discusses SETI's broader relevance to anthropology. Anthropologists are uniquely qualified by knowledge and training to contribute to SETI, since central concerns when and if contact is made will include socio-cultural difference and cross-cultural communication. In turn the extraterrestrial perspective has much to offer anthropology, both in expanding its boundaries, its insights and its tools, and in casting a fresh light on cultures on Earth. Valerie Olson, in her review of the session dedicated to SETI at the 2005 American Anthropological Association Annual Meeting, argues that the SETI vision of a terrestrial/extraterrestrial dichotomy between human and alien ,others' brings older and more recent anthropological ideas into a new juxtaposition, and that SETI has potential for stimulating the anthropological imagination. [source] Front and Back Covers, Volume 23, Number 3.ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 3 2007June 200 Front & back cover caption, volume 23 issue 3 PARTISAN ,ANTHROPOLOGY' The cover of this issue reproduces a Republican Party campaign poster from 1900, which claims that between 1896 and 1900 the American flag was being planted on foreign soil not ,to acquire more territory' but ,for humanity's sake'. The poster contrasts an image of economic decline at home and poverty in the Spanish colony of Cuba, alleged to be the Democratic legacy in 1896, with one of prosperity in the US and progress in its new dominion after four years of Republican rule. The next US presidential elections will take place in November 2008, and campaigning for nomination is already under way. Partisan proclamations that territories are occupied for ,humanity's sake' suggest good intentions, but anthropology researches and seeks to connect with humanity as a whole, not to serve one party or one nation over another. Bush's ,war on terror' has divided the world, generating a renewed interest in partisan use of the social and behavioural sciences, including anthropology, in the hope that these might help succeed where force has failed. The 2007 annual meeting of the Association of Social Anthropologists resolved that a research proposal by our principal research funding agency endangered lives and was in violation of our professional ethics. History will not judge us kindly if funding agencies proceed unilaterally, or if our professional associations fail to give clear guidance on the circumstances under which it is appropriate for professional anthropologists to be involved in such activities, if at all. Everyone supports non-partisan use of academic research for ,humanity's sake'. However, since anthropologists cannot research without first gaining and then retaining the trust of the peoples they engage with in the course of fieldwork throughout the world, in open and willing long-lasting relationships, partisan deployment of our research in war constitutes a potentially life-threatening development for the peoples we befriend, for ourselves, our students, our profession and for our family and colleagues. As part of an ongoing engagement with how our research, and that of other social and behavioural sciences, is being appropriated in war, this issue of ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY features discussions on their use in two areas of warfare, with contributions on counterinsurgency, by Roberto González, David Kilcullen and Montgomery McFate, and unwitting input into interrogation techniques, by David Price. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||