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Level Education (level + education)
Selected AbstractsThe influence of education on the interpretation of pharmaceutical pictograms for communicating medicine instructionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, Issue 1 2003Ros Dowse senior lecturer Objective To assess the influence of formal education on the interpretation of pharmaceutical pictograms. Method A total of 46 pictograms were used: 23 were extracted directly from the USP-DI, and 23 with corresponding meanings were designed in accordance with the local culture (local pictograms). One hundred and thirty Xhosa respondents, who ranged from having no formal education to tertiary level education, were interviewed with the aid of an interpreter. Demographic data were collected, a literacy test was conducted and respondents were tested for their interpretation of all 46 pictograms. Preference for either the USP-DI or the local pictogram was determined. Setting Respondents were interviewed in primary health care clinics, a variety of work settings or in their homes in Grahamstown, South Africa. Key findings Standard of education had a significant influence on the interpretation of 24 of the 46 pictograms. Generally, significant differences in interpretation were apparent between those with only primary school education and those who had completed at least some senior school education (P < 0.05). The group with tertiary education was significantly better than the other groups (P < 0.05). Only 15 of the 46 pictograms met the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 85% correct criterion. Conclusion Interpretation was dependent on education and the development of visual literacy skills, but potential for misinterpretation in all educational groups was noted. These results suggest that pictograms should only be used as a communication aid in combination with text or verbal information from the health care provider. [source] Undergraduate occupational health nursing education in Turkey: a national surveyINTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 2 2008M.N. Esin phd Background:, Occupational health nursing practice responds to and is influenced by the changing needs of the worker and workplace. Correspondingly, the International Labour Organization's recommendation on occupational health services includes a proposal for specialized training of occupational health nurses (OHNs). It was not known what OH nursing topics were covered and in how many hours at schools offering undergraduate nursing education in Turkey. These data were necessary to prepare the curriculum to train OHNs. Aim:, A national survey to evaluate undergraduate OH nursing education in nursing schools in Turkey. Design:, This descriptive survey included all of the nursing schools (n = 80) providing university level education in Turkey. Methods:, A questionnaire developed by the researchers as a data-gathering tool was sent to the presidents of 80 nursing schools. The study achieved a response rate of 60 (82.5%). Frequency distribution and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Findings:, Occupational health nursing topics were covered in public health courses at all schools. The length of time allotted for OH nursing topics was only on average of 3.2 ± 1.5 h (range: 1,6 h) in each semester. A total of 62 lecturers were responsible for teaching OH nursing. Conclusions:, The study results show that there is a need for the development of a standardized education programme in Turkey. It was decided therefore to develop a new curriculum for OH nursing that would address the amount of time spent on this subject and the content. [source] The past, present and future of nurse education in Poland: stages, conditions and activitiesINTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 2 2006B. Sztembis rn Aim:, This paper describes the multidirectional activities recently completed to adapt nurse education in Poland to European standards. Background:, The Polish system transformation and the changes that have taken place in health care since the 1980s required intensive effort and change in the nursing care and education systems of nurses and midwives. Outcomes:, Changes accomplished include: (1) preparation and implementation of a nurse education model complying with European standards; (2) discontinuance of the previous system of nurse education taught at the secondary school level; and (3) adjusting the organization and post-basic curricula of nurses and midwives to the actual needs of the society as well as for the nurses themselves. The goal of a uniform nurse education system in Poland that met European requirements motivated the Polish change agents. This change ensures the integration of Polish nurses with the nurses from Europe and other countries in their common endeavours to improve nursing care and health outcomes. Conclusions:, The adopted changes in the system of nurse education resulted in uniformity of education and acceptance of bachelor's level education, which complies with European standards as well as adjusting the post-basic education to actual needs. Describing the substance and process of our work may be helpful to nurses in other countries who are working on their own models of nursing and healthcare restructuring. [source] Fit for purpose: the relevance of Masters preparation for the professional practice of nursing.JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 5 2000A 10-year follow-up study of postgraduate nursing courses in the University of Edinburgh Fit for purpose: the relevance of Masters preparation for the professional practice of nursing. A 10-year follow-up study of postgraduate nursing courses in the University of Edinburgh Continuing education is now recognized as essential if nursing is to develop as a profession. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) consultations are currently seeking to establish appropriate preparation for a ,higher level of practice' in the United Kingdom. The relevance of Masters level education to developing professional roles merits examination. To this end the results of a 10-year follow-up study of graduates from the Masters programme at the University of Edinburgh are reported. The sample was the entire cohorts of nurses who graduated with a Masters degree in the academic sessions from 1986 to 1996. A postal questionnaire was designed consisting of mainly closed questions to facilitate coding and analysis but also including some open questions to allow for more qualitative data to be elicited. The findings indicated clearly that the possession of an MSc degree opened up job opportunities and where promotion was not identified, the process of study at a higher level was still perceived as relevant to the work environment. This applied as much to the context of clinical practice as to that of management, education or research. The perceived enhancement of clinical practice from a generic Masters programme was considered a significant finding. Also emerging from the data was an associated sense of personal satisfaction and achievement that related to the acquisition of academic skills and the ultimate reward of Masters status. The concept of personal growth, however, emerged as a distinct entity from that of satisfaction and achievement, relating specifically to the concept of intellectual sharing, the broadening of perspectives and the development of advanced powers of reasoning. [source] Burnout among nursing staff in two Finnish hospitalsJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2000Koivula RN, MNSC Aim To describe burnout and factors affecting it in nursing staff. Background Burnout is a common phenomenon in nursing staff. We need knowledge of phenomena related to burnout in order to be able to properly direct measures decreasing burnout. Methods A questionnaire measuring burnout was answered by 723 nurses. The data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics and anova. Results Half of the staff had scores which indicated they were frustrated or burnt out. Personal resource variables having an influence on staff burnout were age, vocational education and years of practice. Burnout increases with age, and staff with short work experience in nursing practice experience lower levels of burnout. Staff with a secondary level education working on psychiatric wards experience especially high levels of burnout. Continuous professional education is related to lower levels of burnout if it lasts for more than 10 days over a period of 2 years. Conclusions The results of the study can be generalized only to these two Finnish hospitals. The results indicate that education, both vocational basic education and professional further education, are key factors in preventing burnout among nursing staff. [source] | ||||||||||