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Left Foot (leave + foot)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Life Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Flipper bands do not affect foraging-trip duration of Magellanic Penguins

JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY, Issue 4 2009
P. Dee Boersma
ABSTRACT Flipper bands are used to mark penguins because leg bands can injure their legs. However, concerns remain over the possible effects of flipper bands on penguins. We examined the effects of stainless-steel flipper bands on the duration of foraging trips by Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) at Punta Tombo, Argentina, using an automated detection system. We predicted that, if bands were costly and increased drag, flipper-banded penguins would make longer foraging trips than those with small or no external markings. We tagged 121 penguins with radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and an additional external mark. We placed either a stainless-steel band on the left flipper (N= 62) or a 2×10-mm small-animal ear tag in the outside web of the left foot (N= 59). We measured foraging-trip durations (N= 376 trips) for 68 adult penguins with chicks from 15 December 2007 to 28 February 2008. Contrary to predictions, trip duration was similar for banded and web-tagged penguins (P= 0.22) and for males and females (P= 0.52), with no interaction between tag type and sex (P= 0.52). No penguins marked in the 2007 breeding season and recaptured between 30 September and 30 November 2008 (N= 113) lost flipper bands or web tags, but three RFID tags failed between March and September 2008. Properly designed and applied flipper bands were a reliable marking method for Magellanic Penguins, had a lower failure rate than RFIDs, and did not affect foraging-trip duration. RESUMEN Los anillos de ala son usados para marcar pingüinos porque los anillos de tarso pueden causar heridas en sus piernas. Sin embargo, existen dudas sobre los posibles efectos de los anillos de ala sobre los pingüinos. Usando un sistema de detección automatizado, examinamos los efectos de anillos de ala hechos de acero inoxidable sobre la duración de los viajes para forrajeo por el pingüino Spheniscus magellanicus en Punta Tombo, Argentina. Predecimos que si los anillos afectarían a los pingüinos e incrementaran la fricción con el agua, los pingüinos con anillos de ala harían viajes para forrajeo de mayor duración en comparación a los que no portaban marcadores externos o que llevaban marcadores externos de menor tamaño. Marcamos a 121 pingüinos con marcadores de identificación por radio frecuencia, además de otro marcador al exterior del ave. Colocamos un anillo de acero inoxidable al ala izquierdo (N= 62), o un marcador de oreja (2×10 mm) para animales pequeños de en la membrana interdigital exterior del pie izquierdo (N= 59). Desde el 15 de diciembre del 2007 hasta el 28 de Febrero del 2008 medimos la duración de los viajes para forrajeo (N= 376 viajes) para 68 pingüinos adultos con pichones. Contrariamente a nuestras predicciones, la duración de los viajes fue similar para pingüinos con anillos y para pingüinos con marcadores en el pie (P = 0.22), así como entre machos y hembras (P= 0.52), con ninguna interacción entre el tipo de marca y el sexo (P= 0.52). Ningún pingüino marcado en la temporada reproductiva del 2007 y recapturado entre el 30 de Septiembre y el 30 de Noviembre del 2008 (N= 113) perdió el anillo de ala o el marcador en el pie, pero tres marcadores de identificación por radio frecuencia fallaron entre Marzo y Septiembre del 2008. Los anillos de ala apropiadamente diseñadas y aplicadas fueron un método de marcaje confiable para S. magellanicus, tuvieron una tasa de fallo menor a los marcadores de identificación por radio frecuencia y no afectaron a la duración de los viajes para forrajeo. [source]

Parsing brain activity associated with acupuncture treatment in Parkinson's diseases,

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 12 2009
Younbyoung Chae KMD
Abstract Acupuncture, a common treatment modality within complementary and alternative medicine, has been widely used for Parkinson's disease (PD). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we explored the neural mechanisms underlying the effect of specific and genuine acupuncture treatment on the motor function in patients with PD. Three fMRI scans were performed in random order in a block design, one for verum acupuncture (VA) treatment, another one for a covert placebo (CP), and the third one for an overt placebo (OP) at the motor function implicated acupoint GB34 on the left foot of 10 patients with PD. We calculated the contrast that subtracts the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) response for the acupuncture effect (VA vs. CP) and the placebo effect (CP vs. OP). We found a significant improvement in the motor function of the affected hand after acupuncture treatment. The putamen and the primary motor cortex were activated when patients with PD received the acupuncture treatment (VA vs. CP) and these activations correlated with individual enhanced motor function. Expectation towards acupuncture modality (CP vs. OP) elicited activation over the anterior cingulate gyrus, the superior frontal gyrus, and the superior temporal gyrus. These findings suggest that acupuncture treatment might facilitate improvement in the motor functioning of patients with PD via the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society [source]

Hyperkeratotic variant of porokeratosis Mibelli with dermal amyloid deposits

THE JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2010
Toshiaki UENISHI
Abstract We report a case of hyperkeratotic variant of porokeratosis Mibelli with dermal amyloid deposits. A 66-year-old man presented with multiple brownish keratotic lesions on the lower extremities, a verrucous nodule on the third toe of the left foot and brownish verrucous plaques on the buttocks for several years. Histopathological examination of the hyperkeratotic plaque in the right gluteal region revealed extreme hyperkeratosis and cornoid lamella. In the papillary dermis, there were prominent eosinophilic amorphous materials which were positive to Dylon staining. Treatment with oral etretinate resulted in a remission of the skin lesions in this case. [source]

Paresthesia and hypesthesia in the dorsum of the foot as the presenting complaints of a ganglion cyst of the foot

CLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 5 2010
Diogo Casal
Abstract Although ganglion cysts of the foot represent a substantial amount of lumps in this region, they rarely cause peripheral nerve symptoms. We describe the clinical case of a 43-year-old female with complaints in the previous three months of hypesthesia and paresthesia in the anterior portion of the medial half of the dorsum of her left foot that extended into the first interdigital cleft. She associated the start of her neurological symptoms to the appearance of a lump in the dorsum of the foot. A presumptive diagnosis of compression of the medial branch of the deep fibular nerve and of the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve in the dorsum of the foot by a ganglion cyst was made. Ultrasonography confirmed the cystic nature of the lesion and surgery allowed complete excision of a mass arising from the joint between the medial and intermediate cuneiform bones that was compressing the deep fibular nerve and the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve. Pathological examination confirmed that the lesion was a cystic ganglion. As far as the authors know, the simultaneous compression of the medial branch of the deep fibular nerve and of the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve in the dorsum of the foot by a ganglion cyst has not been described before. Clin. Anat. 23:606,610, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]