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Law
Kinds of Law Terms modified by Law Selected AbstractsDISORDER WITH LAW: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF VIOLENCE IN RESPONSE TO WATER RIGHTS VIOLATION IN COLONIAL NEW SOUTH WALESECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 2 2008EDWYNA HARRIS Scholars argue that violence will not occur in the presence of efficient property rights institutions. Empirical evidence from the Riverina district in New South Wales between 1855 and 1870 contradicts this claim. This paper provides a preliminary analysis of evidence to explain this apparent inconsistency. Violence was directed at upstream users who dammed rivers, preventing flow to downstream users. Evidence suggests violence was a form of social control referred to as self-help employed to enforce conventions of fairness. Dams were perceived as unfair because they reduced the distributive equity embodied in the common law of riparian rights that established water-use rules to allocate water between competing users. Violence in the form of dam destruction occurred primarily during drought years and was the preferred over common law remedies because of the lag time between seeking court intervention and obtaining a remedy. Coasean bargaining was not possible because of high transaction costs. The findings suggest that violence may occur in the presence of efficient property rights institutions if actors violate conventions of fairness. Violence may be more likely if property rights themselves embody these conventions. [source] THE PAST AND THE FUTURE OF COMPETITION LAWECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 1 2004Allan Fels This paper reviews the evolution and significance of the Trade Practices Act for the development of competition policy in Australia. The paper also discusses the role of the ACCC in the enforcement of competition law and speculates on future challenges facing the ACCC in this role. [source] THE DEATH PENALTY FOR DRUGS IS A VIOLATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW; EFFICACY,WHETHER REAL OR IMAGINED,PROVIDES NO EXCUSEADDICTION, Issue 12 2009RICK LINES No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE FIFTH WORLD CONGRESS ON FAMILY LAW AND THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN AND YOUTHFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2010Hon. Joseph V. Kay Editor's note on the 5th World Congress on Family Law and Children's Rights held in Halifax Nova Scotia, August 23,26, 2009 [source] MODELS OF COLLABORATION IN FAMILY LAWFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 2 2004Gregory Firestone No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE SEARCH FOR A PROPORTIONATE CARE LAW BY FORMULA FUNDING IN THE ENGLISH NHSFINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY & MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2009Gwyn Bevan Although the National Health Service was created to achieve equity of access to health care in 1948, over twenty years later an ,inverse care law' was seen to operate. The 1976,Report of the Resource Allocation Working Party,laid the principles of formula funding to achieve an equitable distribution of resources, to move, over time, towards the operation of a proportionate care law. These principles have been applied ever since in England. This paper describes the context, governance and subsequent development of formulas and three persistent problems: accounting for populations, their needs and variations in the unavoidable costs of providers. The paper concludes by outlining continuing problems from the past and new challenges of formula funding in England to reduce ,avoidable' inequalities in health. [source] Potential pleiotropic effects of Mpdz on vulnerability to seizuresGENES, BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR, Issue 1 2004C. Fehr We previously mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for approximately 26% of the genetic variance in acute alcohol and barbiturate (i.e., pentobarbital) withdrawal convulsion liability to a <,1 cM (1.8 Mb) interval of mouse chromosome 4. To date, Mpdz, which encodes the multiple PSD95/DLG/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain protein (MPDZ), is the only gene within the interval shown to have allelic variants that differ in coding sequence and/or expression, making it a strong candidate gene for the QTL. Previous work indicates that Mpdz haplotypes in standard mouse strains encode distinct protein variants (MPDZ1-3), and that MPDZ status is genetically correlated with severity of withdrawal from alcohol and pentobarbital. Here, we report that MPDZ status cosegregates with withdrawal convulsion severity in lines of mice selectively bred for phenotypic differences in severity of acute withdrawal from alcohol [i.e., High Alcohol Withdrawal (HAW) and Low Alcohol Withdrawal (LAW) lines] or pentobarbital [High Pentobarbital Withdrawal (HPW) and Low Pentobarbital Withdrawal (LPW) lines]. These analyses confirm that MPDZ status is associated with severity of alcohol and pentobarbital withdrawal convulsions. Using a panel of standard inbred strains of mice, we assessed the association between MPDZ status with seizures induced by nine chemiconvulsants. Our results show that MPDZ status is genetically correlated with seizure sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol, kainate and other chemiconvulsants. Our results provide evidence that Mpdz may have pleiotropic effects on multiple seizure phenotypes, including seizures associated with withdrawal from two classes of central nervous system (CNS) depressants and sensitivity to specific chemiconvulsants that affect glutaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. [source] TEACHING PERSONAL JURISDICTION: A "REAL WORLD" EXAMPLE OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE LAWJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 1 2002Jordan M. Blanke [source] TEACHING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS LAW AND BUSINESS ETHICS CLASSROOMSJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 1 2002Daniel T. Ostas [source] INCORPORATING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS INTO UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS LAW AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENT COURSES: EMPLOYER LIABILITY FOR SEXUAL HARASSMENT AS A MODELJOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES EDUCATION, Issue 2 2000Susan Willey [source] ESTABLISHING WATERSHED MANAGEMENT IN LAW: NEW ZEALAND'S EXPERIENCE,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 4 2001Eric Pyle ABSTRACT: New Zealand is one of the first countries in the world to enshrine the concept of watershed management in law, through institutional arrangements and the Resource Management Act of 1991-a law constructed on a watershed management legacy begun in 1941. This paper outlines the development of New Zealand's Resource Management Act (as it applies to water management) and the lessons that have been learned in its implementation. [source] LABOR LAW FOR MANAGERS OF NON-UNION EMPLOYEES IN TRADITIONAL AND CYBER WORKPLACESAMERICAN BUSINESS LAW JOURNAL, Issue 4 2003Nancy J. King First page of article [source] JUDAISM AND NATURAL LAWTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 6 2009JONATHAN JACOBS The question of the relation between Judaism and natural law is important both for scholars and for reflective persons with an interest in the grounds of Jewish moral thought. There is a rich history of natural law theorizing that has had considerable influence, and there has been a revival of natural law theorizing in the contemporary period. The topic of the present discussion is of more than historical interest; it is a live question of real, current relevance. [source] INVESTIGATING OKUN's LAW BY THE STRUCTURAL BREAK WITH THRESHOLD APPROACH: EVIDENCE FROM CANADA,THE MANCHESTER SCHOOL, Issue 5 2005HO-CHUAN (RIVER) HUANG This study proposes a structural change with threshold approach to re-evaluate the empirical validity of Okun's law using data from Canada. Based on the Hodrick,Prescott and band-pass filtered data, we find strong support of structural change as well as threshold nonlinearity. This suggests that the use of purely linear specifications for analyzing Okun's law may lead to misleading results. The implications of the empirical results for macroeconomic policy are also briefly discussed. [source] AUTONOMY AND PRACTICAL LAWANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2008Samuel J. Kerstein First page of article [source] AUTONOMY, TAKING ONE'S CHOICES TO BE GOOD, AND PRACTICAL LAW: REPLIES TO CRITICSANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2008Andrews Reath First page of article [source] ON THE STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS UNDER REARRANGEMENTS FOR SEQUENCES OF BLOCKWISE ORTHOGONAL RANDOM ELEMENTS IN BANACH SPACESAUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF STATISTICS, Issue 4 2007Nguyen Van Quang Summary The condition of the strong law of large numbers is obtained for sequences of random elements in type p Banach spaces that are blockwise orthogonal. The current work extends a result of Chobanyan & Mandrekar (2000)[On Kolmogorov SLLN under rearrangements for orthogonal random variables in a B -space. J. Theoret. Probab. 13, 135,139.] Special cases of the main results are presented as corollaries, and illustrative examples are provided. [source] SETTING THE SCENE I: FROM COMMON LAW TO STATUTE LAWBRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTHERAPY, Issue 2 2003Rob Hale This is an account of the talk that I gave at the BCP conference on confidentiality. It is personal and, at times, journalistic, and concerns itself with much that is political. [source] ,BY LEIBNIZ'S LAW': REMARKS ON A FALLACYTHE PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 222 2006Benjamin Schnieder I investigate a form of argument which refers to Leibniz's law as its inference ticket (where ,Leibniz's law' is understood as the thesis that if x = y, then all properties of x are properties of y, and vice versa). Arguments of this form are often used to establish certain categorial distinctions, e.g., a distinction between kinds and properties, or a distinction between processes and events. I show that there can be deficient arguments of this form, and why. I then argue that the interesting philosophical cases of this argument form are unconvincing, since they cannot be seen as clear cases of its unproblematic variety. [source] MAY ISSUE VERSUS SHALL ISSUE: EXPLAINING THE PATTERN OF CONCEALED-CARRY HANDGUN LAWS, 1960,2001CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY, Issue 2 2008RICHARD S. GROSSMAN We analyze the timing and pattern of adoption of "shall issue" concealed-carry handgun laws. "Shall issue" laws require the authorities to issue permits to qualified applicants; "may issue" laws give the authorities more latitude to reject applications. We find three factors influence the shift from "may issue" to "shall issue." First, more urban states are less likely to shift to "shall issue," although the size of this effect is quantitatively small. Second, the switch is influenced by the decisions taken by neighboring states. Third, we find evidence that increases in the crime rate accelerated the switch to "shall issue."(JEL K40) [source] LAWS, RULES, AND POLICE POLICYCRIMINOLOGY AND PUBLIC POLICY, Issue 1 2002JAMES O. FINCKENAUER First page of article [source] APPLYING NORTH'S LAWS OF MOTION TO THE EDGE OF THE WESTECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2009Saad Azmat This paper uses Douglass North's theories of institutional economics to explain progress in Muslim Spain. It argues that it was efficient economic institutions in the guise of a free-market economy where the property rights of different strata of society were well protected, which ensured lasting prosperity. This paper postulates that while a population explosion could have been responsible for the initial growth in Spain, it was an efficient formal,informal institutional matrix that ensured a high level of long-term growth. [source] STILL A PATCHWORK QUILT: A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF STATE LAWS REGARDING STEPPARENT RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONSFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2010Susan L. Pollet This article surveys state laws regarding stepparents and stepchildren throughout the United States with regard to custody and visitation rights, child support obligations, adoption and inheritance rights. It provides background information, statistics and general definitions regarding stepparents, a review of some of the psychological and legal literature, information regarding websites and articles for the general public on the topic, and a description of the survey of the states nationwide. Finally, it provides some suggestions regarding future goals for the law in this arena. [source] Hybrid Simulation of Miscible Mixing with Viscous FingeringCOMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 2 2010Seung-Ho Shiny Abstract By modeling mass transfer phenomena, we simulate solids and liquids dissolving or changing to other substances. We also deal with the very small-scale phenomena that occur when a fluid spreads out at the interface of another fluid. We model the pressure at the interfaces between fluids with Darcy's Law and represent the viscous fingering phenomenon in which a fluid interface spreads out with a fractal-like shape. We use hybrid grid-based simulation and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to simulate intermolecular diffusion and attraction using particles at a computable scale. We have produced animations showing fluids mixing and objects dissolving. [source] Simulation of two-phase flow with sub-scale droplet and bubble effectsCOMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 2 2009Viorel Mihalef Abstract We present a new Eulerian-Lagrangian method for physics-based simulation of fluid flow, which includes automatic generation of sub-scale spray and bubbles. The Marker Level Set method is used to provide a simple geometric criterion for free marker generation. A filtering method, inspired from Weber number thresholding, further controls the free marker generation (in a physics-based manner). Two separate models are used, one for sub-scale droplets, the other for sub-scale bubbles. Droplets are evolved in a Newtonian manner, using a density-extension drag force field, while bubbles are evolved using a model based on Stokes' Law. We show that our model for sub-scale droplet and bubble dynamics is simple to couple with a full (macro-scale) Navier-Stokes two-phase flow model and is quite powerful in its applications. Our animations include coarse grained multiphase features interacting with fine scale multiphase features. [source] The origins and present status of the radio wave controversy in NMRCONCEPTS IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE, Issue 4 2009D.I. Hoult Abstract The origins, history, and present status of the controversy surrounding a quantum description of the NMR signal as being due to radio waves are traced. With the Principle of Relativity and Coulomb's Law as formal starting points and the minimum of mathematics needed for understanding, the derivation of a classical electromagnetic theory of signal reception is first given. The agreement between that classical theory and a recent NMR experiment is then presented, leading to proof that, except for the highest field imaging experiments, there is no significant contribution of radio waves to the signal. Attention is drawn to the very different properties of the near and far energy, momenta, and fields inherent in the derivation. The role of the Correspondence Principle in formulating a quantum description is then emphasized and it is shown that the standard NMR interpretation of Dicke's theory of coherent spontaneous emission,that the latter is responsible for the NMR signal,cannot be correct. Finally, the author speculates on some of the intriguing relationships found in the classical electrodynamics of NMR signal reception and attempts to relate them to a common quantum electrodynamic precept of near field interaction: that the free induction decay voltage present at the terminals of an open-circuit receiving coil is based on an exchange of virtual photons between the nuclei in a sample and the free electrons in a receiving coil. © 2009 Crown in the right of Canada. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 34A: 193,216, 2009. [source] International Law as Political Theology: How to Read Nomos der Erde?CONSTELLATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL AND DEMOCRATIC THEORY, Issue 4 2004Martti Koskenniemi First page of article [source] Liberal Conservativism, Once and Again: Locke's "Essay on the Poor Law" and Contemporary US Welfare ReformCONSTELLATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL AND DEMOCRATIC THEORY, Issue 3 2002Nancy J. Hirschmann First page of article [source] Globalization, Sovereignty, and the Rule of Law: From Political to Economic Constitutionalism?CONSTELLATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL AND DEMOCRATIC THEORY, Issue 4 2001Kanishka Jayasuriya First page of article [source] Intellectual Property Law and Innovation , By W. van CaenegemCREATIVITY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2007Antoni Brack No abstract is available for this article. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||