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Lateral Ridge Augmentation (lateral + ridge_augmentation)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Lateral ridge augmentation by the use of grafts comprised of autologous bone or a biomaterial.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 12 2002
An experiment in the dog
Abstract Objective: The present investigation was performed to determine if a block of Bio-Oss® used as an onlay graft can be used as a scaffold for new bone formation. Material and methods: Five mongrel dogs were used. The mandibular premolars were extracted. On both sides of the mandible, the buccal bone plate was resected and defects, about 25 mm long, 8 mm high and 5 mm wide, were produced After 3 months of healing, a second surgical procedure was performed. In the left side, a block of Bio-Oss® was adjusted to the buccal bone wall. The graft had the shape of a cylinder and was retained with a miniscrew and covered with a collagen membrane. In the contra-lateral side of the mandible, a block biopsy was first obtained from the ascending ramus. This bone graft had the shape of a cylinder that was 8 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick. The graft was transferred to the experimental site, adjusted to the buccal wall, retained with a miniscrew, and covered with a membrane. The flaps were repositioned and closed with sutures to ensure a complete coverage of the experimental sites. After 6 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the experimental sites dissected. The biopsies were processed for ground sectioning. The sections were stained in toluidine blue, examined in the microscope, and a number of histo- and morphometric assessments made. Results: The study demonstrated that cortical bone used as an onlay graft in the lateral aspect of the alveolar ridge, during a 6-month period of healing integrated with the host bone but underwent marked peripheral resorption. Thus, close to 30% of the height and 50% of the length of the graft was replaced with connective tissue. It was further observed that while the dimensions of a graft which contained a scaffold of cancellous bovine bone mineral remained unchanged, only moderate amounts of new bone formed at the base of this graft. Conclusion: Grafts of autologous cortical bone, placed on the surface of a one-wall defect, may undergo marked resorption during healing. A similar graft of Bio-Oss® may retain its dimension, and limited amounts of new bone will form within the biomaterial. [source]

Lateral ridge augmentation using particulated or block bone substitutes biocoated with rhGDF-5 and rhBMP-2: an immunohistochemical study in dogs

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 7 2008
Frank Schwarz
Abstract Objectives: The aim of the present study was to immunohistochemically evaluate lateral ridge augmentation using a particulated (BOG) or block (BOB) natural bone mineral biocoated with rhGDF-5 and rhBMP-2 in dogs. Materials and methods: Three standardized box-shaped defects were surgically created at the buccal aspect of the alveolar ridge in each quadrant of eight beagle dogs. After 2 months of healing, the chronic-type defects were randomly allocated in a split-mouth design to either (i) BOG or (ii) BOB biocoated with (a) rhGDF-5 or (b) rhBMP-2, respectively. Uncoated grafts served as controls. After 3 and 8 weeks, dissected blocks were prepared for immunohistochemical [osteocalcin (OC)] and histomorphometrical analysis [e.g. area (mm2) of new bone fill (BF), newly formed mineralized (MT) and non-mineralized tissue (NMT)]. Results: rhBMP-2 biocoated BOG revealed significantly highest BF and MT values at 3 (upper and lower jaws , UJ/LJ , compared with BOG) and 8 weeks (UJ , compared with rhGDF-5). Biocoating of BOB using both rhGDF-5 and rhBMP-2 resulted in significantly increased MT values at 8 weeks (UJ/LJ , compared with BOB). In all groups, NMT adjacent to BOG and BOB scaffolds revealed pronounced signs of an OC antigen reactivity. Conclusions: Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that both rhGDF-5 and rhBMP-2 have shown efficacy; however, their bone regenerative effect was markedly influenced by the carrier. [source]

Initial pattern of angiogenesis and bone formation following lateral ridge augmentation using rhPDGF and guided bone regeneration: an immunohistochemical study in dogs

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 1 2010
Frank Schwarz
Abstract Objectives: To evaluate (i) the effects of rhPDGF-BB on localized ridge augmentation using a natural bone mineral (NBM), and (ii) the influence of a collagen membrane (CM) on factor activity. Materials and methods: Chronic-type alveolar ridge defects (n=4 dogs) were randomly allocated in a split-mouth design as follows: upper jaw: NBM+rhPDGF-BB+CM (test) vs. NBM+rhPDGF-BB (control), and lower jaw: NBM+rhPDGF-BB+CM (test) vs. NBM+CM (control). After 3 weeks, dissected blocks were prepared for immunohistochemical (angiogenesis , TG) and histomorphometrical analysis [e.g. augmented area (AA), mineralized , (MT), non-mineralized tissue (NMT) (mm2)]. Results: Lower jaw: TG and mineralization of AA mainly originated from the defect borders. Test sites revealed a pronounced TG antigen reactivity and higher AA and MT values (mean and median). Upper jaw: control sites revealed a dislocation of AA in caudal direction, but also an improved vascularization in the peripheral wound area. While MT values (median) appeared to be comparable in both groups, AA, NMT, and NBM values (mean and median) tended to be higher at test sites. Conclusions: It was concluded that (i) rhPDGF-BB soak-loaded on NBM might have the potential to support bone formation at chronic-type lateral ridge defects, and (ii) the application of CM did not seem to interfere with the factor activity, but ensured a stabilization of the graft particles. To cited this article: Schwarz F, Ferrari D, Podolsky L, Mihatovic I, Becker J. Initial pattern of angiogenesis and bone formation following lateral ridge augmentation using rhPDGF and guided bone regeneration: an immunohistochemical study in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 90,99. [source]

Lateral ridge augmentation using particulated or block bone substitutes biocoated with rhGDF-5 and rhBMP-2: an immunohistochemical study in dogs

Alveolar ridge augmentation with a prototype trilayer membrane and various bone grafts: a histomorphometric study in baboons

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2005
Dieter Busenlechner
Abstract: Barrier membranes have become a standard treatment option in alveolar ridge augmentation prior to implant placement. However, non-resorbable membranes require secondary surgery and resorbable membranes show an unfavorable degradation profile. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of a slowly biodegradable/bioresorbable prototype trilayer membrane (PTLM) for supporting bone regeneration in alveolar ridge augmentation. Clinically relevant cavities were made 3 months after the extraction of the first and second molars in each jaw of six baboons. Each animal was treated with four different regimens: (1) autogenous bone block (ABB) alone, (2) ABB+PTLM, (3) deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM)+PTLM and (4) no treatment. After 9 months, the baboons were sacrificed and block sections of the augmented area were subjected to histologic and histomorphometric analyses. Newly formed bone areas were determined at a distance of 1, 3, 7 and 10 mm from crestal. The data showed a well-preserved ridge profile at the membrane-protected sites, whereas non-protected bone blocks and control sites underwent severe resorption resulting in knife-edge ridge profiles. Significant differences were found between ABB+PTLM and ABB (P=0.0137,0.0232). DBBM+PTLM also produced a larger bone area compared with ABB alone (P=0.0396,0.0439). No significant difference in bone area was detectable between ABB+PTLM and DBBM+PTLM (P>0.05). The present study supports the use of the slowly biodegradable/bioresorbable PTLM with autografts and DBBM for lateral ridge augmentation in this type of bone defects. Résumé Les membranes barrière sont devenues une option de traitement standard dans l'épaississement du rebord alvéolaire avant le placement des implants. Cependant, des membranes non-résorbables requièrent une seconde chirurgie et les membranes résorbables montrent un profil de dégradation peu favorable. Le but de cette étude a été d'évaluer le potentiel d'une membrane prototype de trois épaisseurs (PTLM) qui était biodégradable/biorésorbable lentement pour aider la régénération osseuse dans les épaississements de rebord alvéolaire. Des cavités cliniques ont été creusées trois mois après l'avulsion des premières et deuxièmes molaires de chaque mâchoire chez six babouins. Chaque animal a été traité de quatre manières différentes : 1) un bloc osseux autogène (ABB), 2) ABB+PTLM, 3) la partie minérale de l'os bovin déprotéiné (DBBM)+PTLM et 4) pas de traitement. Après neuf mois les babouins ont été euthanasiés et des coupes en blocs de la région épaissie ont été soumises aux analyses histologiques et histomorphométriques. Les zones d'os néoforméétaient déterminées à une distance de 1, 3, 7 et 10 mm du rebord alvéolaire. Les données ont montré un profil bien préservé au niveau des sites protégés par les membranes tandis que les blocs osseux non-protégés et les sites contrôles subissaient une résorption importante en un profil en forme de lame de couteau. Des différences significatives ont été trouvées entre ABB+PTLM et ABB (P=0,0137 àP=0,0232). DBBM+PTLM produisait aussi une aire osseuse plus importante comparéà ABB seul (P=0,0396 àP=0,0439). Aucune différence significative dans l'aire osseuse n'était visible entre ABB+PTLM et DBBM+PTLM (P>0,05). L'étude présente prône l'utilisation de la membrane prototype en trois couches biodégradable/biorésorbable lentement avec du minéral osseux bovin déprotéiné et des autogreffes pour l'augmentation latérale du rebord alvéolaire dans ce type de lésions osseuses. Zusammenfassung Muss vor der Implantation eine Knochenkammaugmentation durchgeführt werden, so ist die GBR mit der Membrantechnik als Standardbehandlung anzuführen. Nichtresorbierbare Membranen erfordern jedoch einen chirurgischen Zweiteingriff, und resorbierbare Membranen zeigen ein ungünstiges Verhalten während der Resorptionsphase. Das Ziel dieser Studie war, bei der GBR die Platzhalterfunktion des Prototyps einer dreischichtig aufgebautenen Membran (PTLM) zu untersuchen, die langsam biologisch abgebaut und resorbiert wird. Drei Monate nach der Extraktion der ersten und zweiten Molaren in jedem Kiefer von sechs Pavianaffen präparierte man klinisch relevante Kavitäten. Jedes Tier erhielt vier verschiedene Behandlungsmodalitäten: (1) nur autologe Knochenblöcke (ABB), (2) ABB+PTLM, (3) entproteinisiertes Knochenmineral vom Rind (DBBM)+PTLM und (4) keine Behandlung. Nach 9 Monaten opferte man die Paviane, entnahm von den aufgebauten Stellen Blockbiopsien und bereitete sie für die histologischen und histomorphometrischen Analysen auf. Auf die Suche nach Regionen mit neu gebildetem Knochen ging man in 1, 3, 7 und 10 mm Entfernung vom crestalen Knochen. Die Daten zeigten bei den mit Membranen abgedeckten und geschützten Stellen ein gut erhaltenes Alveolarkammprofil. Bei den ungeschützten Knochenblöcken und den Kontrollstellen kam es zu ausgedehnten Resorptionen, es resultierten messerscharf auslaufende Kammprofile. Man fand signifikante Unterschiede zwischen ABB+PTLM und ABB (P=0.0137 zu P=0.232). Auch DBBM+PTLM brachte, verglichen mit nur ABB, eine bessere Knochenauffüllung (P=0.0396 zu P=0.0439). Zwischen den Varianten ABB+PTLM und DBBM+PTLM fanden sich im untersuchten Kochen keine signifikanten Unterschiede (P>0.05). Diese Arbeit befürwortet bei der lateralen Knochenkammaugmentation eines solchen Knochendefektes den Einsatz eines Prototyps einer dreischichtigen Membran (PTLM), die langsam biologisch abgebaut und resorbiert wird, sowie von autologen Knochentransplantaten und entproteinisiertem Knochenmineral vom Rind. Resumen Las membranas de barrera se han convertido en una opción estándar de tratamiento en aumento de la cresta alveolar previo a la colocación del implante. De todos modos, las membranas no reabsorbibles requieren de un segundo procedimiento quirúrgico y las membranas reabsorbibles muestran un perfil de degradación desfavorable. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial de un prototipo de membrana de tres capas (PTLM) biodegradable/biorreabsorbible para apoyar la regeneración ósea en el aumento de la cresta alveolar. Se realizaron cavidades clínicamente relevantes tres meses después de la extracción del primer y segundo molares de cada mandíbula de seis babuinos. Cada animal se trató con cuatro diferentes regímenes: (1) bloque de hueso autógeno (ABB) únicamente, (2) ABB+ PTLM, (3) hueso mineral bovino desproteinizado (DBBM)+PTLM y (4) sin tratamiento. Tras 9 meses se sacrificó a los babuinos y secciones en bloque del área aumentada se sometieron a análisis histológicos e histomorfométricos. Se determinaron las áreas de hueso neoformado a una distancia de 1, 3, 7, y 10 mm de la cresta. Los datos mostraron un perfil de la cresta bien preservado en los lugares protegidos por la membrana, mientras que los bloques de hueso no protegido y los lugares de control sufrieron una severa reabsorción resultando en unos perfiles de cresta en filo de cuchillo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ABB+PTLM y ABB (P=0.0137 a P=0.0232). DBBM+PTLM también produjeron unas áreas mayores de hueso comparadas con ABB únicamente (P=0.0396 a P=0.0439). No se detectaron diferencias significativas entre ABB+PTLM y DBBM+PTLM (P>0.05). El presente estudio apoya el uso del prototipo de membrana de tres capas lentamente biodegradable/biorreabsorbible con autoinjertos y hueso mineral bovino desproteinizado para aumento lateral de la cresta en este tipo de defectos. [source]