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Labor Induction (labor + induction)
Selected AbstractsUse of Cytotec (misoprostol) for Labor InductionJOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 1 2001Michael Cullen MD The following letter concerns unapproved use of misoprostol for labor induction and is published as a follow-up to "The Nurse's Role in Misoprostol Induction A Proposal Protocol," by C. Wilson, (NovemberlDecember 2000) [source] Trends in Labor Induction in the United States: Is It True That What Goes Up Must Come Down?BIRTH, Issue 2 2004IN THE LITERATURE Commentary on: Zhang J, Yancey MK, Henderson CE. U.S. national trends in labor induction, 1989,1998. J Reprod Med 2002;47:120,124. MacDorman MF, Mathews TJ, Martin JA, Malloy MH. Trends and characteristics of induced labour in the United States, 1989,98. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2002;16:263,273. Kozak LJ, Weeks JD. U.S. trends in obstetric procedures, 1990,2000. Birth 2002;29:157,161. Abstract:,Three recent studies examined the national trend in labor induction in the United States. All show a doubling in the rate of induction during the 1990s, although vital statistics data show a consistently higher trend than that obtained from national hospital discharge data. Neither data source adequately documents the full range of indications for induction, its timing, hospital staffing considerations, and other factors that may play a role. Although rates of induction of labor may be leveling off, despite a lack of scientific evidence for its widespread use, rates are likely to remain at current levels for the next few years. [source] Assessing the Effects of Age, Gestation, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity on Labor InductionsJOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, Issue 3 2007Barbara L. Wilson Purpose: To evaluate the likelihood of cesarean births, related to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), maternal education and age, and gestational status for labor inductions on primiparous and multiparous women. Design and Methods: A retrospective descriptive correlational design was used with 1,325 women scheduled for induction at a large tertiary hospital in a southwestern U.S. state from January 1 through December 31, 2005. Birth outcomes were matched against inpatient hospital scheduling induction logs to verify the reason for induction, whether elective or clinically indicated. Findings: Age and gestation had nonlinear and significant associations with cesarean birth. Elective inductions for primiparous women significantly increased the likelihood of cesarean delivery. The independent effect of being a primiparous woman with an elective induction increased the probability of a cesarean birth by 50%, but this association was not significant for multiparous women. Mother's educational level was a significant predictor for cesarean births with multiparous women being induced. Ethnicity and SES did not increase the odds of cesarean delivery following labor induction for either primiparous women or multiparous women. Conclusions: Elective inductions for primiparous women increased the probability of cesarean births. Elective labor induction for primiparous women should be offered with caution, particularly for women with advanced maternal age. [source] Comparative study of induction of labor in nulliparous women with premature rupture of membranes at term compared to those with intact membranes: Duration of labor and mode of deliveryJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2006Kyo Hoon Park Abstract Aim:, To evaluate the effect of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term on the duration of labor and mode of delivery in comparison with intact membranes in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix whose labor was induced. Methods:, This retrospective cohort study included all term nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix requiring labor induction over a 2-year period. Prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone) and oxytocin were used for labor induction. Criteria for enrolment included (i) singleton pregnancy; (ii) term nulliparous women; or (iii) Bishop score below 6. Statistics were analyzed with Student's t -test, ,2 -test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression. Results:, Our study subjects were 82 women whose labor was induced for PROM and 219 women with intact membranes whose labor was induced for social or fetal reasons. The mean durations of active phase of labor were not significantly different between women with PROM and those with intact membranes. However, the women with PROM had a significantly longer mean duration of second stage and a higher rate of cesarean delivery for failure to progress than those with intact membranes. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that only PROM and fetal macrosomia were significantly associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress after other confounding variables were adjusted. Conclusions:, Labor induction for PROM at term in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix is associated with longer duration of the second stage and a higher risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress in comparison to those with intact membranes. [source] Analysis of birth-related medical malpractice litigation cases in Japan: Review and discussion towards implementation of a no-fault compensation systemJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2010Nana Uesugi Abstract Aim:, We examined birth-related malpractice civil litigation cases in Japan to clarify the actual status related to the implementation of an obstetrical no-fault compensation system in 2009. Material & Methods:, In this retrospective review, we analyzed legal and medical information from 64 cases with a delivery date after 1987 and a judgment date between April 1997 and March 2007. Results:, The malpractice claim was accepted in 44 cases and rejected in 20 cases. The period from the delivery to the judgment date was lengthy (90.1 months overall). The average amount of damages awarded was ¥97 810 000 for cases of cerebral palsy (CP). Preterm births and less than 2500 g infants represented a higher incidence rate in the rejected cases. There were 32 cases (50.0%) with CP, 18 (28.1%) with infant death, 10 (15.6%) with neonatal death, and 4 (6.3%) with fetal death. Twenty-three of 44 accepted cases (52.3%) and 11/20 rejected cases (55.0%) had a gestational age of more than 33 weeks at birth and weighed more than 2000 g. Forced deliveries were performed in 45/64 cases (70.3%), and augmentation/induction of labor was performed in 28/64 cases (43.8%). There were 13/16 (81.3%) accepted cases that underwent vacuum and/or forceps extraction after labor augmentation/induction. Conclusions:, More than half of our cases could be sufficient for a no-fault compensation system in Japan. Though the system is considered to have some problems that need to be solved, this finding suggests that many children and their families may benefit from the new system without having to file. [source] Assessing the Effects of Age, Gestation, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity on Labor InductionsJOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, Issue 3 2007Barbara L. Wilson Purpose: To evaluate the likelihood of cesarean births, related to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), maternal education and age, and gestational status for labor inductions on primiparous and multiparous women. Design and Methods: A retrospective descriptive correlational design was used with 1,325 women scheduled for induction at a large tertiary hospital in a southwestern U.S. state from January 1 through December 31, 2005. Birth outcomes were matched against inpatient hospital scheduling induction logs to verify the reason for induction, whether elective or clinically indicated. Findings: Age and gestation had nonlinear and significant associations with cesarean birth. Elective inductions for primiparous women significantly increased the likelihood of cesarean delivery. The independent effect of being a primiparous woman with an elective induction increased the probability of a cesarean birth by 50%, but this association was not significant for multiparous women. Mother's educational level was a significant predictor for cesarean births with multiparous women being induced. Ethnicity and SES did not increase the odds of cesarean delivery following labor induction for either primiparous women or multiparous women. Conclusions: Elective inductions for primiparous women increased the probability of cesarean births. Elective labor induction for primiparous women should be offered with caution, particularly for women with advanced maternal age. [source] Use of Cytotec (misoprostol) for Labor InductionJOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 1 2001Michael Cullen MD The following letter concerns unapproved use of misoprostol for labor induction and is published as a follow-up to "The Nurse's Role in Misoprostol Induction A Proposal Protocol," by C. Wilson, (NovemberlDecember 2000) [source] Does a change in obstetric management influence the incidence of traumatic birth lesions in mature, otherwise healthy newborn infants?JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2007Willibald Zeck Abstract Aim:, The incidence of lesions due to birth trauma can be generally regarded as a characteristic of obstetric management; since obstetric management has changed through the years, one might expect a decrease or increase of lesions due to birth trauma in mature newborn infants. Methods:, In a retrospective study, the incidence of lesions due to birth trauma was recorded in the year 2000. In 1989, an identical study had already been carried out in the same department, employing the same criteria. The new findings were compared with the historical data. Results:, In the year 1989 24.6% and in 2000 13.2% showed lesions due to obstetric trauma. The episiotomy rate and lesions due to birth trauma had significantly decreased. A decline regarding the traumas per se was noticed in caput succedaneum traumas, in hematomas due to birth trauma and in clavicle fracture. The cesarean section rate among the study group increased. The cesarean section rate among the traumatized newborns decreased. Conclusion:, Episiotomy does not prevent newborns from traumatic lesions. Gestational age and birthweight have not significantly changed throughout the years; therefore an increase in the cesarean section rate must have contributed to the decrease of birth traumas. Even during abdominal operative delivery, obstetric traumas in newborns do occur. However, an increase in cesarean sections alone can not thoroughly explain the reduction of birth lesion among newborns. Improvement in prenatal diagnostic tools and procedures, respectively, and a goal-oriented use of labor induction might also play a major role. [source] Comparative study of induction of labor in nulliparous women with premature rupture of membranes at term compared to those with intact membranes: Duration of labor and mode of deliveryJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2006Kyo Hoon Park Abstract Aim:, To evaluate the effect of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term on the duration of labor and mode of delivery in comparison with intact membranes in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix whose labor was induced. Methods:, This retrospective cohort study included all term nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix requiring labor induction over a 2-year period. Prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone) and oxytocin were used for labor induction. Criteria for enrolment included (i) singleton pregnancy; (ii) term nulliparous women; or (iii) Bishop score below 6. Statistics were analyzed with Student's t -test, ,2 -test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression. Results:, Our study subjects were 82 women whose labor was induced for PROM and 219 women with intact membranes whose labor was induced for social or fetal reasons. The mean durations of active phase of labor were not significantly different between women with PROM and those with intact membranes. However, the women with PROM had a significantly longer mean duration of second stage and a higher rate of cesarean delivery for failure to progress than those with intact membranes. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that only PROM and fetal macrosomia were significantly associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress after other confounding variables were adjusted. Conclusions:, Labor induction for PROM at term in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix is associated with longer duration of the second stage and a higher risk of cesarean delivery for failure to progress in comparison to those with intact membranes. [source] Utility of misoprostol for labor induction in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsiaJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2004Shamsun Nahar Abstract Objectives:, To determine the effectiveness and safety of misoprostol in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients with unripe cervix. Methods:, A prospective observational study was carried out in 135 severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients who required termination of pregnancy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh during January 2002 to October 2003. Fifty micrograms of misoprostol was used every 4 h in cases of unripe cervix (Bishop score , 6) in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients. Maternal and perinatal outcome as well as any complications were recorded. Results:, In severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients vaginal delivery occurred in 79.3 and 80.5% of cases, and cesarean section was performed in 20.6 and 19.4% of cases, respectively. The maximum required responsive dose was 50,150 µg. Oxytocin augmentation was required in 29.3 and 35% of cases, respectively. Induction to delivery time was median 8 h, interquartile ranges 4.2,8.2 h in the severe pre-eclampsia group, and median, 9 h,, interquartile, ranges, 6.8,12.5 h, in, the, eclampsia, group,, and, average, hospital, stay, was, 3.4 ± 1.8, and 3.7 ± 1.7 days, respectively. The only maternal complications were hyperstimulation which occurred in 6.8 and 5.1% of cases, respectively. Neonatal death occurred in five (11.3%) and eight cases (12.1%), respectively. Conclusion:, Intravaginal misoprostol is well tolerated and very effective for the induction of labor in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients with unripe cervix. [source] Trends in Labor Induction in the United States: Is It True That What Goes Up Must Come Down?BIRTH, Issue 2 2004IN THE LITERATURE Commentary on: Zhang J, Yancey MK, Henderson CE. U.S. national trends in labor induction, 1989,1998. J Reprod Med 2002;47:120,124. MacDorman MF, Mathews TJ, Martin JA, Malloy MH. Trends and characteristics of induced labour in the United States, 1989,98. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2002;16:263,273. Kozak LJ, Weeks JD. U.S. trends in obstetric procedures, 1990,2000. Birth 2002;29:157,161. Abstract:,Three recent studies examined the national trend in labor induction in the United States. All show a doubling in the rate of induction during the 1990s, although vital statistics data show a consistently higher trend than that obtained from national hospital discharge data. Neither data source adequately documents the full range of indications for induction, its timing, hospital staffing considerations, and other factors that may play a role. Although rates of induction of labor may be leveling off, despite a lack of scientific evidence for its widespread use, rates are likely to remain at current levels for the next few years. [source] Assessing the Effects of Age, Gestation, Socioeconomic Status, and Ethnicity on Labor InductionsJOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, Issue 3 2007Barbara L. Wilson Purpose: To evaluate the likelihood of cesarean births, related to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), maternal education and age, and gestational status for labor inductions on primiparous and multiparous women. Design and Methods: A retrospective descriptive correlational design was used with 1,325 women scheduled for induction at a large tertiary hospital in a southwestern U.S. state from January 1 through December 31, 2005. Birth outcomes were matched against inpatient hospital scheduling induction logs to verify the reason for induction, whether elective or clinically indicated. Findings: Age and gestation had nonlinear and significant associations with cesarean birth. Elective inductions for primiparous women significantly increased the likelihood of cesarean delivery. The independent effect of being a primiparous woman with an elective induction increased the probability of a cesarean birth by 50%, but this association was not significant for multiparous women. Mother's educational level was a significant predictor for cesarean births with multiparous women being induced. Ethnicity and SES did not increase the odds of cesarean delivery following labor induction for either primiparous women or multiparous women. Conclusions: Elective inductions for primiparous women increased the probability of cesarean births. Elective labor induction for primiparous women should be offered with caution, particularly for women with advanced maternal age. [source] | ||||||||||