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Lay Public (lay + public)
Selected AbstractsWORKING WITH PUBLIC LIBRARIES TO ENHANCE ACCESS TO QUALITY-ASSURED HEALTH INFORMATION FOR THE LAY PUBLICJOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 2 2004Sara F. L. Kirk PhD RD [source] An overview of 45 published database resources for complementary and alternative medicineHEALTH INFORMATION & LIBRARIES JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010Katja Boehm Background:, Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has succeeded to implement itself in the academic context of universities. In order to get information on CAM, clinicians, researchers and healthcare professionals as well as the lay public are increasingly turning to online portals and databases, which disseminate relevant resources. One specific type of online information retrieval systems, namely the database, is being reviewed in this article. Question:, This overview aims at systematically retrieving and describing all databases covering the field of CAM. One of the requirements for inclusion was that the database would also have to be published in a medical journal. Data sources:, The databases amed, CAMbase, embase, and medline/PubMed were searched between December 2008 and December 2009 for publications relevant to CAM databases. The authors' specialist library was also searched for grey literature to be included. Study selection:, All included databases were then visited online and information on the context, structure and volume of the database was extracted. Main results:, Forty-five databases were included in this overview. Databases covered herbal therapies (n = 11), traditional Chinese medicine (n = 9) and some dealt with a vast number of CAM modalities (n = 9), amongst others. The amount of time the databases had been in existence ranged from 4 to 53 years. Countries of origin included the USA (n = 14), UK (n = 7) and Germany (n = 6), amongst others. The main language in 42 of 45 databases was English. Conclusions:, Although this overview is quite comprehensive with respect to the field of CAM, certain CAM practices such as chiropractic, massage, reflexology, meditation or yoga may not have been covered adequately. A more detailed assessment of the quality of the included databases might give additional insights into the listed resources. The creation of a personalised meta-search engine is suggested, towards which this overview could be seen as a first step. [source] Experts, Juries, and Witch-hunts: From Fitzjames Stephen to Angela CanningsJOURNAL OF LAW AND SOCIETY, Issue 3 2004Tony Ward Angela Cannings's successful appeal against her convictions for murder has revived an old controversy about the competence of juries to evaluate expert evidence. In response to criticisms of the jury system in the wake of a series of controversial poisoning trials, the Victorian jurist J.F. Stephen argued that juries were well equipped to decide on behalf of the community which experts should be treated as authorities, whose opinions the lay public could accept for practical purposes as ,beyond reasonable doubt'. Such practical decisions did not, Stephen argued, require that juries fully understand the experts' reasons for their conclusions. This article draws on recent work in social epistemology to argue that Stephen's view of the jury remains tenable, and that his authoritarian arguments can be recast in more democratic terms. It also concurs in Stephen's blunt recognition that the courts' need to make decisions despite the uncertainties of science renders some convictions of the innocent inevitable. [source] The definition of human viability: a historical perspectiveACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 1 2010MS Pignotti Abstract Aim:, To investigate the current concepts related to the definition of human viability in a historical perspective. Methods:, A review of the international literature was performed by using PubMed, Google, Embase to find definitions of Human Viability. The papers collected were divided chronologically. Results:, Over the years, many authors have debated the concept of the limit of human viability, starting from Ballantyne in the early 1900. The definition differs from author to author. Conclusion:, The definition of human viability is still under discussion. It depends primarily, but not only, on gestational age. A number of genetic, cultural, social and technological variables are also influential. This definition could have an impact on legislation and the widespread misunderstanding of this concept in the lay public could also be enhanced by a frank discussion among clinicians and other professionals. [source] | ||||||||||