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Lacrimal Sac (lacrimal + sac)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Oncocytic lesions of the ophthalmic region

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
S HEEGAARD
Purpose To make a nationwide clinicopathologic study of oncocytic lesions in the ophthalmic region and to characterize their cytokeratin(CK) expression. Methods All histologically diagnosed oncocytic lesions in the ophthalmic region registered in Denmark over a 25-year period were collected and re-evaluated using a monoclonal antimitochondrial antibody (MU213-UC). Clinical data were registered. Immunohistochemical characterization was performed with a panel of anticytokeratin antibodies. Results A total of 34 oncocytic lesions were identified. The incidence that required surgical intervention in the Danish population could be approximated to 0.3 lesions per million capita per year. The age of the patients ranged from 45 to 89 years with a peak incidence in the 8th decade. Female gender was twice as common as male. Lesions were typically described as red-brown, cystic and slow growing. The antimitochondrial antibody MU213-UC produced a distinct and intense immunostaining. 26 of the lesions originated from the caruncle, three in the conjunctiva, two in the lacrimal sac, one at the semilunar plica, one on the eyelid margin and one peripunctal. Lesions were histologically classified as adenoma(oncocytoma) (26), hyperplasia (4) and metaplasia (4). Basal-type oncocytic cells reacted with antibodies against CK5/6, CK7, CK8, CK13, CK14, CK 17, CK18, CK19 and suprabasal cells with CK4, CK7, CK8, CK18 and CK19. Antibodies against CK1+10 and CK20 showed no reaction. Conclusion Oncocytic lesions of the ophthalmic region most frequently present as a caruncular oncocytoma. The cytokeratin profile is similar to the lacrimal - and accessory lacrimal gland duct elements and supports the theory that these lesions originate from lacrimal , and accessory lacrimal glands. [source]

Ophthalmic lymphoma: epidemiology and pathogenesis

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue thesis1 2009
Lene Dissing Sjö
Abstract With a lifetime risk of 1% and 700 new cases per year, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the seventh most frequent type of cancer in Denmark. The incidence of NHL has increased considerably in Western countries over the last decades; consequently, NHL is an increasing clinical problem. Ophthalmic lymphoma, (lymphoma localized in the ocular region, i.e. eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, lacrimal gland, orbit, or intraocularly) is relatively uncommon, accounting for 5%,10% of all extranodal lymphomas. It is, however, the most common orbital malignancy. The purpose of this thesis was to review specimens from all Danish patients with a diagnosis of ophthalmic lymphoma during the period 1980,2005, in order to determine the distribution of lymphoma subtypes, and the incidence- and time trends in incidence for ophthalmic lymphoma. Furthermore, an extended analysis of the most frequent subtype, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MALT lymphoma), was done to analyse clinical factors and cytogenetic changes with influence on prognosis. A total of 228 Danish patients with a biopsy-reviewed verified diagnosis of ocular adnexal-, orbital-, or intraocular lymphoma were identified. We found that more than 50% of orbital- and ocular adnexal lymphomas were of the MALT lymphoma subtype, whereas diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) predominated intraocularly (Sjo et al. 2008a). Furthermore, lymphoma arising in the lacrimal sac was surprisingly predominantly DLBCL (Sjo et al. 2006). Incidence rates were highly dependent on patient age. There was an increase in incidence rates for the whole population from 1980 to 2005, corresponding to an annual average increase of 3.4% (Sjo et al. 2008a). MALT lymphoma arising in the ocular region was found in 116 patients (Sjo et al. 2008b). One third of patients had a relapse or progression of disease after initial therapy and relapses were frequently found at extra-ocular sites. Overall survival, however, was not significantly poorer for patients with relapse. Furthermore, we found that the frequency of translocations involving the MALT1- and IGH-gene loci is low in ocular region MALT lymphoma (2 of 42, 5%), but may predict increased risk of relapse (Sjo et al. 2008b). In conclusion the incidence of ophthalmic lymphoma is increasing at a high rate in Denmark. Ophthalmic lymphoma consists primarily of MALT lymphoma. The molecular pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma arising in the ocular region rarely involves translocations in the MALT1- and IGH-gene loci. [source]

Correlation between anthropometric facial features and characteristics of nasolacrimal drainage system in connection to false passage

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 7 2007
Junji Narioka MD
Abstract Background:, To determine the correlation between the anthropometric facial features and the anatomy of the nasolacrimal drainage system. Methods:, Forty-six mid-sagittal halves of 23 cadavers were studied. The inclination of the lacrimal sac (LS) and nasolacrimal duct (NLD), and the LS-NLD angle were measured in both the sagittal and coronal planes. For the facial features, the height, length and depth of the nose, the intercanthal distance, nasal breadth, nasofacial angle, distance between the external naris, and the inferior aperture of the NLD were measured. The correlations between the angles and the facial features were calculated. Results:, The LS-NLD angle was classified into three anatomical types according to the inclination of the LS and the NLD in the sagittal and coronal planes; the anterior-inward type (43.5%), anterior-outward type (37.0%), and posterior-outward type (19.5%). The nasal depth was correlated with the sagittal LS-NLD angle, and the nasal height and length were correlated with the coronal LS-NLD angle. Conclusions:, There is a large variation in the LS-NLD angle, and nasal depth, height and length can be used to predict the direction of this angle. [source]

The lacrimal fascia redefined

CLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 6 2001
Harumichi Shinohara
Abstract It has been commonly accepted that the lacrimal fascia is an intact septum, composed of connective tissue, that separates the orbital cavity into a large compartment, which contains the eyeball, and a small compartment, which contains the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct. the septum, however, is not necessarily always intact. We found a circular or oval opening in the lacrimal fascia in 37 of 52 specimens (71.2%) examined. The opening, which we shall refer to as the lacrimal fascial foramen, was located at variable levels in the lacrimal fossa. The lacrimal fascial foramen was buried in fatty tissue through which passed a branch of either the inferior palpebral artery or the infraorbital artery and a vein of the nasolacrimal duct. The clinical implications of the lacrimal fascial foramen in obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct are discussed. Clin. Anat. 6:401,405, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]