			Home About us Contact

Another Piece (another + piece)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Life Sciences	33%

Selected Abstracts

Developmental psychopathology in adolescence: findings from a Swiss study , the NAPE Lecture 2005

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2006
H.-C. Steinhausen
Objective:, Presentations of selective findings coming from the Zurich Adolescent Psychology and Psychopathology Study with two major aims: i) the study of the prevalence, course, and correlates of mental disorders in adolescence, and ii) the study of the determinants and processes of mental disorders in adolescence. Method:, A representative sample of n = 1964 children and adolescents was studied in the canton of Zurich in 1994. Additional waves of data collection took place in 1997 and 2000/2001. Mean ages at these three assessments were 13, 16, and 20 years. Each wave contained a two-stage procedure of assessment with screening by questionnaires and consecutive interviewing. The main constructs used were general and specific measures of psychopathology, life events, coping styles, self-related cognitions, and quality of the social network. Results:, Prevalence rates of any mental disorder in school-age at the time of assessment was 22.5% fitting into a transcultural range of 18,26% based on DSM-III-R criteria. Furthermore, the derivation and validation of a four-group adolescent drinker typology was demonstrated. Additionally, the prevalence and continuity of functional-somatic symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood was shown. Another piece of the research tested for the identification of risk, compensatory, vulnerability, and protective factors influencing behaviour problems and found remarkably different frequencies across the four types of moderating factors. Conclusion:, The presented findings provide further understanding of the developmental psychology and psychopathology of adolescence and the service, intervention, and prevention needs of this age-group. [source]

Another piece of the puzzle of apoptotic cytochrome c release

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2007
Alfons Lawen
Summary Involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) in apoptosis and PTP structure are highly controversial. In this issue of Molecular Microbiology, experiments based on yeast genetics analyse the roles of the three proteins commonly considered to form the PTP, i.e. porin, ADP/ATP carrier (ACC) and mitochondrial cyclophilin, on apoptosis-like cell death. Whereas knocking out cyclophilin had no effect, the porin-1 knockout yeast showed enhanced apoptosis, suggesting that porin-1 has an antiapoptotic role. Loss of the ACC proteins afforded protection against some causes of death, but enhanced death induced by H2O2, suggesting a more complex role for the ACC proteins in regulating apoptosis-like death in yeast. [source]

Decrease in stereognostic ability of the tongue with age

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 12 2009
S. KAWAGISHI
Summary, Rehabilitation of eating and swallowing functions from the viewpoint of quality of life should attempt to restore not only the physical, but also sensory function. As the size and shape of the intra-oral bolus of food provides oral sensory information important for eating and swallowing, we investigated the stereognostic ability of the tongue in 269 young adults (mean age: 24·5 years) and 60 seniors (mean age: 80·5 years); all of whom had no eating or swallowing complaints. Assessment of the stereognostic ability involved identifying 20 differently shaped test pieces placed in the oral cavity. The young adults identified a significantly higher number of differently shaped test pieces than the seniors (mean correct number of responses: 16·5 and 10·1 respectively; P < 0·001). Gender and the presence of palatal covers did not have any significant effect on stereognostic ability. The test pieces were categorized into six groups based on the shape. When the young adults misidentified a piece, they often selected another piece within the same group, almost never selecting a piece from another group. The seniors, however, chose test pieces from different groups. Moreover, to determine whether stereognosis could be improved through training, we conducted training involving four senior subjects in their 80s, who correctly identified 10 or fewer pieces. After the training, the number of correct answers increased significantly (P < 0·05). These findings indicate that seniors show decreased stereognostic ability of the tongue compared with young adults and suggest the possibility of recovering the ability using our training method. [source]

Border Effects in Passenger Air Traffic

KYKLOS INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 4 2004
Henning Klodt
SUMMARY The empirical literature on border effects suggests that national borders substantially reduce the level of economic transactions. This paper adds another piece of evidence to the significance of border effects by applying a new data set which is completely independent of the data sets of previous studies. Our data refer to domestic and international passenger departures from German airports. The econometric results indicate that the German border reduces passenger air traffic by a factor of four to five. This magnitude is in line with the results of previous studies for trade and investment flows. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die empirische Literatur zum Einfluss von Grenzen hat gezeigt, dass nationale Grenzen den Umfang von ökonomischen Transaktionen beträchtlich reduzieren. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert einen weiteren Beleg für die Relevanz von Grenzen, indem ein neuer Datensatz ausgewertet wird, der vollständig unabhängig von den in früheren Studien verwendeten Datensätzen ist. Unsere Daten beziehen sich auf die Passagierzahlen bei nationalen und internationalen Abflügen von deutschen Flughäfen. Den Schätzergebnissen zufolge reduziert die deutsche Grenze das Passagieraufkommen im Flugverkehr um den Faktor vier bis fünf. Diese Größenordnung steht in Einklang mit den Grenzeffekten, wie sie in anderen Studien für Handels- und Investitionsströme gemessen worden sind. RÉSUMÉ La littérature empirique sur les effets des frontières suggère que le niveau des transactions économiques est fortement réduit par les frontières nationales. Cet article propose de contribuer à ce débat en utilisant une nouvelle base de données qui se différencie substantiellement de celles utilisées jusqu'à présent. Nous utilisons des données sur le nombre de passagers au départ d'aéroports allemands vers des destinations nationales et internationales. Les résultats économétriques démontrent que l'existence des frontières allemandes réduit le trafic de passagers aériens par un facteur de quatre à cinq. Cet ordre de grandeur est comparable aux études antérieures concernant le commerce et les flux d'investissement. [source]

HLA class II genetic association of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Czech children

PEDIATRIC DIABETES, Issue 3 2001
Ondrej Cinek
Abstract:, To examine human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II association of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Czech children, we performed a case,control study of 261 patients diagnosed before the age of 15 and 289 non-diabetic control children. Complete HLA-DQA1, DQB1 genotyping and DRB1*04 subtyping were carried out by polymerase chain reactions with sequence-specific primers. The effect of the DRB1*04 subtypes was studied in DRB1*04 alleles carried on DQB1*0302-DQA1*03 haplotypes. The risk was statistically evaluated by testing 2 × 2 tables, considering corrected p-values <,0.05 significant. The DQB1*0302 (odds ratio, OR = 9.0), DQB1*0201 (OR = 3.4) and DQA1*03 (OR = 7.5) alleles were significantly associated with diabetes risk, while the DQB1*0602 (OR = 0.02), DQB1*0301 (OR = 0.08), DQB1*0503 (OR = 0.13), DQB1*0603 (OR = 0.20), DQA1*01 (OR = 0.28) and DQA1*02 (OR = 0.26) alleles were significantly protective. Of the DQA1-DQB1 genotypes, we point out the extremely high risk of OR = 116 conferred by HLA-DQA1*05-DQB1*0201/DQA1*03-DQB1*0302. Among DRB1*04 subtypes, DRB1*0403 was significantly protective (OR = 0.05, CI 95% 0.01,0.45). Since none of the remaining DRB1*04 subtypes was associated with type 1 DM, our study may present another piece of evidence that the DRB1*0401 and DRB1*0404 alleles do not modify type 1 diabetes risk generally in European populations. [source]

Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Martina Kujanová
Abstract The Egyptian Western Desert lies on an important geographic intersection between Africa and Asia. Genetic diversity of this region has been shaped, in part, by climatic changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs marked by oscillating humid and arid periods. We present here a whole genome analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and high-resolution molecular analysis of nonrecombining Y-chromosomal (NRY) gene pools of a demographically small but autochthonous population from the Egyptian Western Desert oasis el-Hayez. Notwithstanding signs of expected genetic drift, we still found clear genetic evidence of a strong Near Eastern input that can be dated into the Neolithic. This is revealed by high frequencies and high internal variability of several mtDNA lineages from haplogroup T. The whole genome sequencing strategy and molecular dating allowed us to detect the accumulation of local mtDNA diversity to 5,138 ± 3,633 YBP. Similarly, theY-chromosome gene pool reveals high frequencies of the Near Eastern J1 and the North African E1b1b1b lineages, both generally known to have expanded within North Africa during the Neolithic. These results provide another piece of evidence of the relatively young population history of North Africa. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]