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Knowledge Types (knowledge + type)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	50%

Selected Abstracts

Good for workers, good for companies: How knowledge sharing benefits individual employees

KNOWLEDGE AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE JOURNAL OF CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION, Issue 4 2009
Iris Reychav
The paper aims to identify the ways in which explicit and tacit knowledge sharing occur in organizations and to investigate the impact of sharing these two knowledge types on the employee's rewards, performance, and intention to leave. This paper focuses on two hi-tech companies working in the telecommunications field producing cellular networks. The final sample consisted of 278 completed questionnaires from business departments including finance, R&D, marketing, IT, engineering, and manufacturing. Explicit knowledge sharing is perceived by the employees as having: (1) a direct positive effect on the receipt of monetary rewards; (2) a positive indirect effect on the employee's performance; and it has a (3) positive direct and negative indirect effects on employee's intention to leave. Tacit knowledge sharing is perceived by employees as having: (1) a positive direct effect on the receipt of non-monetary rewards; (2) a positive direct effect on performance; and (3) it has a positive indirect effect on employee's intention to leave. Although the findings show that increased knowledge sharing results in positive outcomes at the individual level, the research model would benefit from an examination of larger samples for reasons of statistical complexity analysis and in order to allow for generalizability of the results to other companies that operate in similar environments. It would also be worthwhile to conduct a comparative analysis of companies from different industries. Understanding knowledge-sharing behaviors may prove helpful to managers in developing strategies to encourage organizational knowledge sharing and in the development of an organizational knowledge base. The knowledge sharing outcomes outlined here can give employees a way to predict potential positive outcomes and benefits that are likely to arise as a result of engaging in knowledge sharing activities. The model enables for the first time to substantiate, in a valid way, to hypothesize that knowledge sharing within an organization is perceived by employees to be a rewarding behavior, improving employees' performance, and decrease the intention to leave. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

,About' Puzzles, Muddles and First Person Inferences

PHILOSOPHICAL INVESTIGATIONS, Issue 1 2006
Peter Cave
Often we have coarsely grained knowledge: for example, we know about how many people are present. In possessing such knowledge, we also have finer grained knowledge of what is not: there certainly is nothing like that number of people here. The combination of such knowledge types, through sorites, generates contradiction and bafflement. This paper seeks to resolve the bafflement: it rejects a Timothy Williamson proposal, introduces muddle numbers and inference gaps, and shows how the different grains of knowledge do not always meet. In so doing, the paper identifies a distinctive first-person inferring. [source]

The effect of knowledge types on consumer-perceived risk and adoption of genetically modified foods

PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 2 2007
Deon Klerck
Scientists have asserted that genetically modified (GM) food offers financial, environmental, health, and quality benefits to society, but the realization of such benefits depends on consumer acceptance of this new technology. Consumer concerns about GM food raise questions about what consumers know about GM food and to what extent this knowledge translates into their evaluations of GM products. The present research empirically examines the effect of both objective and subjective knowledge on perceived risk and, in turn, key consumer behaviors associated with GM food. The results reveal that objective knowledge about GM food significantly reduces performance and psychological risks, whereas subjective knowledge influences only physical risk, and the valence of that impact depends on the level of the consumer's objective knowledge. Furthermore, different risk types enhance consumers' information search and reduce their propensity to buy GM food. The overall findings thus suggest the need for cooperation among government, scientific institutions, and the food industry to foster effective communication strategies that increase consumers' objective knowledge, reduce their risk perceptions, and encourage consumer adoptions of GM technology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Historic marine invertebrate species inventory: case study of a science baseline towards establishing a marine conservation area

AQUATIC CONSERVATION: MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Issue 7 2009
N.A. Sloan
Abstract (1)Assessing species diversity is a basic requirement for conservation, and protecting biodiversity is a major goal of marine area conservation. (2)A case study is presented on the development of a literature-based (1870s to 2000), museum collection-based, georeferenced inventory of marine invertebrate species of the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) region, Canada. (3)Database structure and quality assurance are described, along with including indigenous people's words for species towards using traditional knowledge within cooperative marine conservation area management. (4)The utility of this type of inventory is proposed as a starting point for gathering regional biodiversity knowledge, and facilitating addition of other knowledge types, towards marine area conservation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]