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Kidney Volume (kidney + volume)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of iron oxide,labeled, arterially-injected mesenchymal stem cells in kidneys of rats with acute ischemic kidney injury: Detection and monitoring at 3T

JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, Issue 6 2007
Harald Ittrich MD
Abstract Purpose To evaluate MRI for a qualitative and quantitative in vivo tracking of intraaortal injected iron oxide,labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into rats with acute kidney injury (AKI). Materials and Methods In vitro MRI and R2* measurement of nonlabeled and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled MSC (MSCSPIO) was performed in correlation to cellular iron content and cytological examination (Prussian blue, electron microscopy). In vivo MRI and R2* evaluation were performed before and after ischemic/reperfusion AKI (N = 14) and intraaortal injection of 1.5 × 106 MSCSPIO (N = 7), fetal calf serum (FCS) (medium, N = 6), and SPIO alone (N = 1) up to 14 days using a clinical 3T scanner. Signal to noise ratios (SNR), R2* of kidneys, liver, spleen, and bone marrow, renal function (creatinine [CREA], blood urea nitrogen [BUN]), and kidney volume were measured and tested for statistical significance (Student's t -test, P < 0.05) in comparison histology (hematoxylin and eosin [H&E], Prussian blue, periodic acid-Schiff [PAS], CD68). Results In vitro, MSCSPIO showed a reduction of SNR and T2* with R2* , number of MSCSPIO (R2 = 0.98). In vivo MSCSPIO administration resulted in a SNR decrease (35 ± 15%) and R2* increase (101 ± 18.3%) in renal cortex caused by MSCSPIO accumulation in contrast to control animals (P < 0.01). Liver, spleen, and bone marrow (MSCSPIO) showed a delayed SNR decline/R2* increase (P < 0.05) resulting from MSCSPIO migration. The increase of kidney volume and the decrease in renal function (P < 0.05) was reduced in MSC-treated animals. Conclusion Qualitative and quantitative in vivo cell-tracking and monitoring of organ distribution of intraaortal injected MSCSPIO in AKI is feasible in MRI at 3T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007;25:1179,1191. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Embolization of Polycystic Kidneys as an Alternative to Nephrectomy Before Renal Transplantation: A Pilot Study

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 10 2010
F. Cornelis
In autosomal polycystic kidney disease, nephrectomy is required before transplantation if kidney volume is excessive. We evaluated the effectiveness of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to obtain sufficient volume reduction for graft implantation. From March 2007 to December 2009, 25 patients with kidneys descending below the iliac crest had unilateral renal TAE associated with a postembolization syndrome protocol. Volume reduction was evaluated by CT before, 3, and 6 months after embolization. The strategy was considered a success if the temporary contraindication for renal transplantation could be withdrawn within 6 months after TAE. TAE was well tolerated and the objective was reached in 21 patients. The temporary contraindication for transplantation was withdrawn within 3 months after TAE in 9 patients and within 6 months in 12 additional patients. The mean reduction in volume was 42% at 3 months (p = 0.01) and 54% at 6 months (p = 0.001). One patient required a cyst sclerosis to reach the objective. The absence of sufficient volume reduction was due to an excessive basal renal volume, a missed accessory artery and/or renal artery revascularization. Embolization of enlarged polycystic kidneys appears to be an advantageous alternative to nephrectomy before renal transplantation. [source]

Renal function and volume of infants born with a very low birth-weight: a preliminary cross-sectional study

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2010
M Zaffanello
Abstract Aim:, The aim of our study was to compare the function and volumes of kidneys of very low birth-weight (VLBW) and of extremely low birth-weight (ELBW) infants at pre-school ages. Patients and methods:, We did a revision of the neonatal records of infants born in our hospital that weighed ,1500 g at birth. The children were divided into two groups according to their weight at birth: ELBW (<1000 g) and VLBW (1000,1500 g). At the age of 5.7 ± 1.4 years, the children underwent clinical, laboratory and ultrasound renal assessments. Results:, Sixty-nine children fulfilled the requirements for the study. The rate of neonatal treatment with aminoglycosides was higher in ELBW preterms. Renal function parameters, i.e. estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria, did not differ between the two groups of children. Urinary ,1-microglobulin excretion was significantly higher and kidneys were significantly smaller in the ELBW group than in the VLBW group. Conclusion:, No impairment or differences in renal parameters were found in pre-school children born ELBW compared with those born with VLBW, except for differences in kidney volume, renal cortical thickness and urinary ,1-microglobulin excretion. Thus, patients born with ELBW would require a longer follow-up period. [source]

Magnetic resonance imaging as a tool for in vivo and ex vivo anatomical phenotyping in experimental genetic models

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 6 2007
Alain Pitiot
Abstract This article describes a suite of computational approaches suitable for deriving various quantitative phenotypes from structural magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained in rodents and used subsequently in genetic studies of complex traits. We begin by introducing the basic principles of genetic studies of complex traits in experimental models. We then illustrate the use of MR-based computational anatomy in vivo and ex vivo, and in combination with histology. This work was carried out in two inbred strains of rats, namely spontaneously hypertensive rats and Brown Norway rats; these are parental strains of the only existing panel of recombinant inbred strains of rats. The rats were scanned in vivo at two time points (at 8 and 12 weeks of age) and ex vivo (at 12 weeks of age). We describe between-strain differences and across-time changes in brain and kidney volumes, as well as regional variations in brain structure using surface- and deformation-based approaches. We conclude by discussing the power of the population-based computational analysis of MR images, and their fusion with histology, in studies of complex traits. Hum Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]