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Knee Height (knee + height)
Selected AbstractsNutrition Risk Factors for Survival in the Elderly Living in Canadian Long-Term Care FacilitiesJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 1 2004Johane P. Allard MD Objectives: To determine the role of nutritional parameters in influencing the risk of mortality in institutionalized elderly. Design: A prospective cohort study in which subjects had several nutritional parameters measured at baseline and were followed for 19 months. Time to death and mortality were recorded starting immediately after enrollment. Setting: Fourteen long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Participants: Four hundred eight elderly long-term care residents aged 60 and older who resided in the facility for more than 6 weeks. Measurements: At baseline, knee height, weight, mid-arm circumference (MAC), skin-fold thickness, and fat-free mass using bioelectric impedance analysis were measured. Covariates included demographic factors, length of stay in the facility, functional status, and medical diagnoses. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results are reported as mean±standard error of the mean (SEM). Results: Overall, mortality rate was 28.4%. Univariate predictors included male sex, body mass index, MAC, and triceps skin fold. In multivariate analysis, male sex (hazard ratio (HR)=1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2,2.7, P=.0096) and MAC less than 26 cm were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality (HR=4.8, 95% CI: 2.8,8.3, P<.0001). Conclusion: Among this elderly population living in LTCFs, MAC is the best nutritional predictor of mortality. [source] A comparison of three methods for estimating height in the acutely ill elderly populationJOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 1 2003M. Hickson Abstract Background Most estimates of nutritional status rely on accurate recording of not only body weight but also height. Standing height is difficult to measure accurately in older adults due to mobility problems and kyphosis. Surrogate methods have been developed to estimate height including arm-span, demi-span and knee height. There are currently little data on the accuracy of these methods in the sick elderly population or which method is the most suitable in the clinical situation. Objective To compare three commonly used clinical measurements that can estimate height and analyse their agreement with current height. Also to evaluate which method can be used most frequently. Methods We used data collected as part of a larger intervention trial, in which elderly in-patients (over 65 years), were measured for demi-span, half arm-span, knee height and standing height. Results The results showed that demi-span and half arm-span could be measured in the largest proportions of our population, 75.6 and 72.3%, respectively. The correlation coefficients were high for all three estimates of height, r = 0.86 for demi-span, r = 0.87 for arm-span, and r = 0.89 for knee height (P < 0.0001 for all three). However, agreement analysis demonstrated very poor agreement between standing height and all the methods of estimation. The mean differences were 4.33 cm for demi-span, 7.04 cm for arm-span and ,0.6 cm for knee height. [source] Estimation of height in elderly Japanese using region-specific knee height equationsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Barbara Lohse Knous Two knee height equations to predict standing height of Japanese elderly were cross-validated with Joetsu City elders. One equation was derived with Hawaiian residents of Japanese ancestry and the other with elders from the Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan. Subjects included 40 men and 39 women free-dwelling, healthy elders with mean ages of 68.0 ± 2.2 years and 68.0 ± 2.7 years, respectively. Heights of the subjects were representative of Japanese elderly. Experienced nurses, trained to measure knee height, also measured standing height with an automatic stadiometer. A pilot study refined measurement skills. Differences between actual and predicted heights for both equations were significant. Multiple linear regression was used to derive knee height equations specific for elderly males and females living in Joetsu City: women, 63.06 + (2.38 × knee height in cm) ,(0.34 × age in years); men, 71.16 + (2.61 × knee height in cm) - (0.56 × age in years). Geographic-specific knee height equations for Japanese elderly and cross-validation with other locations are suggested to facilitate the accurate use of knee height in nutritional assessment of Japanese elders. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:300,307, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Changes in proximal femoral mineral geometry precede the onset of radiographic hip osteoarthritis: The study of osteoporotic fracturesARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 7 2009M. K. Javaid Objective Radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA) is associated with increased hip areal bone mineral density (aBMD). This study was undertaken to examine whether femoral geometry is associated with RHOA independent of aBMD. Methods Participants in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in whom pelvic radiographs had been obtained at visits 1 and 5 (mean 8.3 years apart) and hip dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) had been performed (2 years after baseline) were included. Prevalent and incident RHOA phenotypes were defined as composite (osteophytes and joint space narrowing [JSN]), atrophic (JSN without osteophytes), or osteophytic (femoral osteophytes without JSN). Analogous definitions of progression were based on minimum joint space and total osteophyte score. Hip DXA scans were assessed using the Hip Structural Analysis program to derive geometric measures, including femoral neck length, width, and centroid position. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for prevalent, incident, and progressive RHOA per SD increase in geometric measure were estimated in a hip-based analysis using multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for age, body mass index, knee height, and total hip aBMD. Results In 5,245 women (mean age 72.6 years), a wider femoral neck with a more medial centroid position was associated with prevalent and incident osteophytic and composite RHOA phenotypes (P < 0.05). Increased neck width and centroid position were associated with osteophyte progression (both P < 0.05). No significant geometric associations with atrophic RHOA were found. Conclusion Differences in proximal femoral bone geometry and spatial distribution of bone mass occur early in hip OA and predict prevalent, incident, and progressive osteophytic and composite phenotypes, but not the atrophic phenotype. These bone differences may reflect responses to loading occurring early in the natural history of RHOA. [source] | ||||||||||