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Judicial Interpretation (judicial + interpretation)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

The cost of "doing business" and labour regulation: The case of South Africa

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR REVIEW, Issue 1 2010
Paul BENJAMIN
Abstract. The "Employing Workers" indices compiled from the World Bank's Doing Business (DB) survey for 2006 presented mixed results as to the nature and extent of labour regulation in South Africa. Arguing that these measures , with their narrow focus on legislation , provide only a partial picture, the authors suggest and investigate three possible extensions to the DB framework with the aim of achieving a more realistic representation of labour regulation in practice, namely: "micro-legislation", labour market institutions and judicial interpretation. They conclude with a plea for taking account of the crucial importance of these features in the assessment of labour regulation frameworks. [source]

An emergent cosmopolitan paradigm?

THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Asylum, human rights, welfare
Abstract This paper addresses the recognition in cosmopolitan debate of a possible disjuncture between the normative ideal of cosmopolitanism and its realization in practice. Taking as its focus the potential conflict between human rights commitments and national concern about immigration control, it reflects on a series of legal challenges to UK government attempts to withdraw support from asylum seekers who do not claim on entry into the country. Set in the context of socio-legal theory, these cases are analysed for signs of a ,national' or ,cosmopolitan' paradigm in judicial interpretation, and considered as a possible instance of reflexive judgment, espoused as a feature of cosmopolitanism. [source]

Environment, race and nation reconsidered: reflections on Aboriginal land claims in Canada

THE CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER/LE GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN, Issue 4 2003
Peter J. Usher
The course of development in Northern Canada has been transformed in the last 30 years by the comprehensive land claims process. For much of the twentieth century, the settlement and development of northern Canada was experienced by Aboriginal people as a continuing process of encroachment on (and sometimes transformation of) their traditional territories, and of restriction of their customary livelihood. Examples of this process included the alteration of river systems by impoundment and diversion, the pollution and contamination of river systems, government restrictions on hunting and fishing and population relocation and sedentarization. Aboriginal political and legal action led, in the 1970s, to the establishment of a formal process for resolving Aboriginal land claims, and to revised judicial interpretation of Aboriginal and treaty rights. The paper describes how geographers have contributed to documenting those claims, and how land claims settlements have altered the land and resource regimes in northern Canada, and concludes with some observations on the effectiveness of those remedies, and on the changes in Canadian perspectives on Aboriginal northerners, the northern environment and northern development. Le cours du développement du Nord du Canada a été influencé durant les trente dernières années par la négotiation des revendications territoriales globales. Pendant une grande partie du 20ème siècle, la colonisation et le développement du Nord canadien ont été vécus par les autochtones comme un processus d'empiètement (et quelquefois de transformation) de leurs territoires traditionnels et de restriction de leur mode de vie. L'assèchement, le détournement, la pollution et la contamination des systèmes fluviaux, les restrictions gouvernementales concernant la chasse et la pêche ainsi que le déplacement et la sédentarisation de ces populations en sont quelques exemples. L'action politique et judiciaire des autochtones, dans les années 70, a conduit à l'établissement d'un processus officiel pour la résolution de leurs revendications territoriales et à la révision des interprétations judiciaires de leurs droits authochtones et des traités. Cet article décrit comment des géographes ont contribuéà rendre compte de ces revendications et comment celles-ci ont transformé les régimes d'exploitation du territoire et des ressources du Nord du Canada. En conclusion, quelques observations montrent l'efficacité de ces remèdes et les changements apportés aux perspectives canadiennes au sujet des autochtones de cette région, de l'environnement nordique et du développement du Nord canadien. [source]

Directors' Duties and Corporate Governance: Have We Gone Too Far?

AUSTRALIAN ACCOUNTING REVIEW, Issue 32 2004
Jeff Coulton
We review recent policy initiatives in Australia, such as corporate governance reporting requirements and innovations in defining directors' roles and responsibilities, and argue that such initiatives are often premised on overly simplistic models of the role played by directors. The role and effectiveness of directors vary according to the economic activity of the firm; hence, uniform guidelines for board composition, for example, are unlikely to be economically desirable. Likewise, statutory definitions of directors' duties are unlikely to be effective unless they allow for directors' roles to vary according to circumstance. Conversely, broad legal definitions will be problematic because of uncertainties in judicial interpretation. [source]

Intellectual property rights and bio commons: open source and beyond

INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 188 2006
Krishna Ravi Srinivas
For many years seeds and plant varieties were beyond the purview of intellectual property rights. But since the 1930s intellectual property rights have covered them. Till the advent of trade-related intellectual property rights under the World Trade Organisation, nations had no obligation to extend intellectual property rights to them, unless they were members of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. Apart from provisions of trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, changes in laws, technological advances, and judicial interpretations of laws have resulted in the strengthening of the rights of patent holders and breeders, while farmers' rights have been diminished or effectively nullified. This has other implications like restriction on the researchers' freedom to invent and innovate and for North,South trade in seeds and grains, particularly in GM crops such as soya. In this article, open source is suggested as a solution and a BioLinux model is put forth as an alternative. While it is not claimed that open source will be a panacea, this article highlights some of the possibilities that are opened up by open source. It also suggests that open source will be very useful in finding a solution to anti-commons problems while promoting innovations. [source]

Parliamentary Bills of Rights: An Alternative Model?

THE MODERN LAW REVIEW, Issue 1 2006
Janet L. Hiebert
This paper examines the emergence of a new model for protecting rights (referred to as the ,parliamentary rights' model) in Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the Australian Capital Territory. This parliamentary model is distinguished from the more traditional, judicial-centric, approach to rights protection in at least two ways. The first is that this parliamentary rights model incorporates the notion of legitimate political dissent from judicial interpretations of rights. The second way it challenges the court-centred model is by incorporating the systematic evaluation of proposed legislation from a rights perspective. Both of these features allow for the possibility of a broader range of perspectives on the appropriate interpretation of rights or the resolution of disagreements involving claims of rights than those arising from more judicial-centric bills of rights. The paper assesses whether this alternative approach to rights protection satisfies those sceptics who doubt the virtue or prudence of conceiving of political disputes as legal rights claims for which the judiciary has the dominant role in their interpretation and resolution. [source]