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Job-exposure Matrix (job-exposure + matrix)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Brain cancer mortality and potential occupational exposure to lead: Findings from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study, 1979,1989

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 5 2006
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Abstract We evaluated the association between potential occupational lead exposure and the risk of brain cancer mortality in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS), which is a prospective census-based cohort study of mortality among the noninstitutionalized United States population (1979,1989). The present study was limited to individuals for whom occupation and industry were available (n = 317,968). Estimates of probability and intensity of lead exposure were assigned using a job-exposure matrix (JEM). Risk estimates for the impact of lead on brain cancer mortality were computed using standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and proportional hazards and Poisson regression techniques, adjusting for the effects of age, gender and several other covariates. Brain cancer mortality rates were greater among individuals in jobs potentially involving lead exposure as compared to those unexposed (age- and gender-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.9,2.3) with indications of an exposure,response trend (probability: low HR = 0.7 (95% CI = 0.2,2.2), medium HR = 1.4 (95% CI = 0.8,2.5), high HR = 2.2 (95% CI = 1.2,4.0); intensity: low HR = 1.2 (95% CI = 0.7,2.1), medium/high HR = 1.9 (95% CI = 1.0,3.4)). Brain cancer risk was greatest among individuals with the highest levels of probability and intensity (HR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.3,4.2). These findings provide further support for an association between occupational lead exposure and brain cancer mortality, but need to be interpreted cautiously due to the consideration of brain cancer as one disease entity and the absence of biological measures of lead exposure. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Physical activity, physical exertion, and miscarriage risk in women textile workers in Shanghai, China

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2010
E.Y. Wong PhD
Abstract Background Strenuous occupational physical activity and physical demands may be risk factors for adverse reproductive outcomes. Methods A retrospective study in the Shanghai, China textile industry study collected women's self-reported reproductive history. Occupational physical activity assessment linked complete work history data to an industry-specific job-exposure matrix. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by multivariate logistic regression for the first pregnancy outcome and utilized generalized estimating equations to consider all pregnancies per woman. Results Compared with women employed in sedentary jobs, a reduced risk of miscarriage was found for women working in jobs with either light (OR 0.18, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.50) or medium (OR 0.24, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.66) physical activity during the first pregnancy and over all pregnancies (light OR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.61; medium OR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.80). Frequent crouching was associated with elevated risk (OR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.93; all pregnancies per woman). Conclusions Light/medium occupational physical activity may have reduced miscarriage risk, while specific occupational characteristics such as crouching may have increased risk in this cohort. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:497,505, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Occupational exposure to UV light and mortality from multiple sclerosis,

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2009
M. Westberg MD
Abstract Background The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is largely unknown; low exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light has been a suggested risk factor. The aim of this study was to investigate whether occupational exposure to UV light reduces the risk of death from MS. Methods The cohort was based on all individuals in the Swedish census in 1980. All MS-related deaths were identified in the national registry of causes of death. A job-exposure matrix was developed to classify the occupational exposure to UV light. Results MS was recorded as a cause of the death for 839 individuals. The risk of MS-related death decreased with increasing occupational exposure to UV light. The relative risk adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status was 0.48 (95% CI 0.28,0.80) in the high-exposure group and 0.88 (95% CI 0.73,1.06) in the intermediate-exposure group. Conclusions Occupational exposure to UV light was associated with a reduced risk of MS. Our findings are corroborated by previous observations that UV light has a preventive role in the development of MS, although the possibility of reversed causality cannot be completely ruled out. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:353,357, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc [source]

Occupation and leukemia: A population-based case,control study in Iowa and Minnesota,

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2001
A. Blair PhD
Abstract Background Studies have suggested that risk of leukemia may be associated with occupational or industrial exposures and risk may vary by the histological type of the disease. Methods A population-based case,control study was conducted in Iowa and Minnesota to evaluate the association between various occupations, industries, and occupational exposures and leukemia risk. A total of 513 cases and 1,087 controls was included in the study. A lifetime occupational history and other risk factor information were collected through in-person interviews, and a job-exposure matrix was used to assess possible risks associated with specific exposures. Results A significantly increased risk of leukemia was observed among agricultural service industries and among nursing and healthcare workers. Janitors, cleaners, and light truck drivers also experienced increased risk. Those employed in plumbing, heating and air conditioning industries, and sales of nondurable goods (such as paints and varnishes) had an increased risk. Printers, painters, and workers in the food and metal industries had a nonsignificantly increased risk of leukemia. Analyses by specific exposures and histology of leukemia showed that risk of leukemia associated with occupational or industrial exposures may vary by histological type of the disease. Conclusions An increased risk of leukemia among workers employed in agricultural industries, nursing and healthcare workers, and in a few occupations with possible exposure to solvents is consistent with earlier studies. Associations of risk with occupations not observed previously deserve further assessment. Am. J. Ind. Med. 40:3,14, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]