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Japanese Experience (japanese + experience)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%
Medical Sciences	33%

Selected Abstracts

Learning from Japanese Experience in Aged Care Policy

ASIAN SOCIAL WORK AND POLICY REVIEW, Issue 1 2007
Guat Tin Ng
Like Singapore, Japan is projected to age rapidly. Japan is the first country in the world where more than 20% of the total population is over 65. Even as Japan adapts from western Europe and America where population ageing is more advanced up till now, it has been pioneering its own aged care policy, given the differences in sociocultural and political contexts. Of particular interest is its introduction of long-term care insurance and its effectiveness in meeting the needs of the long-term care of the aged and their family caregivers. In this article I seek to compare and contrast Singapore and Japan in terms of their demographic changes leading to rapid ageing, and their respective policy and program responses to a rapidly ageing population, drawing lessons from the Japanese experience. [source]

Cyclical asymmetry in energy consumption and intensity: the Japanese experience

OPEC ENERGY REVIEW, Issue 1 2000
Imad A. Moosa
This paper investigates the cyclical behaviour of energy consumption and intensity in the Japanese economy. It is found that energy consumption and intensity are either procyclical or acyclical, depending on the type of energy source. It is also found that there is no evidence for cyclical asymmetry in either consumption or intensity. [source]

Application of Empowerment Scale to patients with schizophrenia: Japanese experience

PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 6 2007
SUMIE YAMADA ms
Abstract Rogers et al. invented the Empowerment Scale, and conducted a factor analysis, which found five factors: self-esteem, power, activism, righteous anger and optimism. Hata et al. translated this scale into Japanese and named it Empowerment Scale-J. They found that the score of the righteous anger factor does not have a significant correlation with the overall score of the Empowerment Score-J. With the aim of clarifying the characteristics of the Empowerment Scale-J, the purpose of the present study was to assess the levels of empowerment in 72 Japanese patients with chronic schizophrenia using the scale, and examine the relationship between the results of the scale and the results of the following two batteries: Social Adjustment Scale II (SAS II), and Expanded Attributional Style Questionnaire (EASQ; a questionnaire to assess some aspects of attitude toward negative circumstances). Four results were obtained as follows. No significant correlation was found between the score of righteous anger factor and overall score. No significant correlation was found between the Empowerment Scale-J score and the degree of social adjustment. Significant correlations were found between some subscales of Empowerment Scale-J and the degree of social adjustments: self-esteem and optimism, but inverse correlations were obtained between the power factor and the righteous anger factor and the degree of social adjustment. Results for the EASQ showed that subjects with a higher righteous anger score have a tendency opposite to that of subjects with higher social adjustment. On the basis of these results it is suggested that behavior related to the righteous anger among Japanese persons with schizophrenia may have some negative influence on their social adaptation and that in applying Empowerment scale-J attention should be paid to the significance of the righteous anger factor. [source]

Industrialization, class structure, and social mobility in postwar Japan 1

THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 4 2001
Hiroshi Ishida
ABSTRACT This study examines intergenerational class mobility in Japan using cross-national comparisons with Western nations and cross-temporal comparisons of five national surveys conducted in postwar Japan. Cross-national comparisons highlight the similarity in relative mobility pattern between Japan and Western nations and at the same time the Japanese distinctiveness in absolute mobility rates especially regarding the demographic character of the Japanese manual working class. The results of cross-temporal comparisons of mobility pattern report some systematic trends in total mobility, inflow and outflow rates, reflecting the Japanese experience of late but rapid industrialization. The pattern of association between class origin and class destination, however, was stable in postwar Japan. It is therefore the combination of distinctive absolute mobility rates and similar relative mobility rates that characterizes the Japanese mobility pattern in comparison with the Western experience. Furthermore, Japan's distinctive pattern of postwar social mobility is characterized by a combination of rapidly changing absolute mobility rates and comparatively stable relative mobility rates. [source]

Laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: Japanese experience

ASIAN JOURNAL OF ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY, Issue 2 2009
F Konishi
Abstract In Japan, laparoscopic colectomy for cancer started in 1992. A national survey has revealed that, since that time, the number of cases that have undergone this procedure has steadily increased, and by 2007, there were over 9000 cases. This figure includes an increase in the percentage of more advanced cases, which has occurred due to technical improvements in lymph node dissection. A Japanese randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic to open surgery started in November 2004, with enrollment ending in April 2009 with 1050 cases. For this study, preoperative stage T3 and T4 cases were selected for inclusion, and D3 dissection was required. To assess the technical skill of surgeons, the Japan Society of Endoscopic Surgery established the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System to encourage high-level surgical techniques. Assessment is conducted by reviewing unedited videos. The success rate for colon and rectal surgeries has ranged between 37%,40%. The Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System has contributed to the establishment of standard technical skills in laparoscopic surgery, the development of an educational system for laparoscopic surgeons, and a reduction in the number complications. Technical difficulties still exist in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, but with the technical progress in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, the number of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgeries has been gradually increasing in number. A multicentric phase II study on the feasibility and long-term outcome for stage I and II rectal cancer started in 2008. In this study, the short-term outcomes including anastomotic leakage rate and long-term survival, will be clarified. Combined with continuously improved technologies, training techniques and surgical standards, laparoscopic colorectal surgery is steadily progressing in Japan. [source]