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Japanese Elderly (japanese + elderly)
Selected AbstractsCystatin C as an index of cerebral small vessel disease: results of a cross-sectional study in community-based Japanese elderlyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2010M. Wada Background and purpose:, Recent studies have shown that kidney dysfunction is associated with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Although creatinine-based estimating equations have been used as the standard measure for the evaluation of kidney function, the accuracy of these is limited in the elderly because of muscle mass decrease with aging. Cystatin C is a more useful measurement than creatinine-based estimating equations for evaluating kidney function, however, the relationship amongst cystatin C, cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral SVD has not been fully examined in community-based elderly. Methods:, We performed a cross-sectional study using MRI to determine the relationship amongst cystatin C, cognitive function, and cerebral SVD in a total of 604 community-based Japanese elderly. Results:, In this study, subjects with higher cystatin C levels tended to have more lacunas and higher grades of white matter lesions. Although a decline of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores was associated with SVD-related lesions, the relationship between the tertiles of cystatin C and mean MMSE scores was not statistically significant. In the logistic regression analysis, the association between cystatin C and SVD-related lesions was statistically significant, even after adjustment for conventional risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Furthermore, subjects with higher cystatin C levels accompanied with albuminuria had a greater risk for the presence of subclinical cerebral SVD than those with lower cystatin C levels without albuminuria. Conclusions:, The present study suggests that there is a close relationship between cystatin C and subclinical cerebral SVD, independently of conventional risk factors, in community-based elderly. [source] Comprehensive geriatric assessment for community-dwelling elderly in Asia compared with those in Japan: VI.GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2005Maubin in Myanmar Background: The objective of the present study is to compare the findings of comprehensive geriatric assessments of community-dwelling elderly in Maubin township, Myanmar with those in Japan. Methods: A cross-sectional, study was undertaken of community-dwelling people aged 60 years and over who were living in downtown Maubin and two rural villages near Maubin city, and 411 people aged 65 years and over who were living in Sonobe, Kyoto, Japan. They were examined using a common comprehensive geriatric assessment tool, which included interviews regarding activities of daily living (ADL), medical and social history, quality of life (QOL) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Anthropometric, neurobehavioral and blood chemical examinations were also conducted. Using anova and Post Hoc Scheffe's F -test, findings from the three groups were compared. Results: Scores of basic ADL, instrumental self-maintenance, intellectual activities, social roles, QOL, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence, body mass index, total cholesterol levels, blood hemoglobin levels and HDL levels were lower in Myanmar's elderly subjects than in Japanese ones. There was no significant difference in prevalence of depression. Mean blood pressure measurements and rates of subjects with systolic pressure > 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure > 90 mmHg and prevalence of stroke were higher in downtown Maubin than in Japan. The atherogenic index was higher in Myanmar's elderly than in Japanese. Conclusion: In Myanmar subjects had lower ADL and QOL scores than Japanese elderly. Of particular note is the higher prevalence of anemia and subjects with history of stroke in Myanmar than in Japan. Further study is needed to detect the cause of high prevalence of stroke in Myanmar. [source] Functional capacity in elderly Japanese living in the communityGERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1-2 2001Hiroshi Shibata The present addresses concepts, definitions, and measurements of functional capacity. Further, distributions of functional capacity are assessed by such various indices as activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence, and active life expectancy in the Japanese elderly. Further, predictors of functional status are demonstrated, and the impact of functional decline on quality of life is investigated in elderly Japanese living in the community. [source] Fracture Prediction From Bone Mineral Density in Japanese Men and Women,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 8 2003Saeko Fujiwara Abstract In a cohort of 2356 Japanese elderly, after adjusting for age and prevalent vertebral fracture, baseline BMD predicted the risk of spine and hip fracture with similar RR to that obtained from previous reports in whites. The RR per SD decrease in BMD for fracture declined with age. Introduction: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the most important predictors of a future fracture. However, we are not aware of any reports among Japanese in Japan. Materials and Methods: We examined the association of BMD with risk of fracture of the spine or hip among a cohort of 2356 men and women aged 47,95 years, who were followed up by biennial health examinations. Follow-up averaged 4 years after baseline measurements of BMD that were taken with the use of DXA. Vertebral fracture was assessed using semiquantitative methods, and the diagnosis of hip fracture was based on medical records. Poisson and Cox regression analysis were used. Results: The incidence was twice as high in women as in men, after adjusting for age. After adjusting for baseline BMD and prevalent vertebral fracture, however, the gender difference was no longer significant. Age, baseline BMD of spine and femoral neck, and prior vertebral fracture predicted vertebral fracture and hip fracture. Loss of absolute BMD of the femoral neck predicted spine fracture, after adjusting for baseline BMD; rates of change in percent BMD, weight, height, body mass index, and age at menopause did not. The predictive value of baseline BMD for vertebral fracture risk was similar in men and women. The relative risk (RR) for vertebral fracture and hip fracture per SD decrease in BMD declined with age, after adjustment for prevalent vertebral fractures. Conclusions: Baseline BMD, loss of femoral neck BMD, and prior vertebral fracture predict the risk of spine and hip fracture in Japanese with similar RR to that obtained from previous reports in whites. The RR per SD decrease in BMD for fracture declined with age, suggesting that factors other than BMD might play a greater role in the elderly. [source] Social support and end-of-life issues for small town Japanese elderlyNURSING & HEALTH SCIENCES, Issue 3 2000Akira Tagaya PhD Abstract Social support for Japanese elderly people living in small towns is the focus of this paper. Specifically, it explores the relationship between selected aspects of self-reported social support, religion, end-of-life issues, and death anxiety. A total of the 1956 men and women responded to a questionnaire including a scale of social support they received in their home. The major findings showed that an increased level of perceived social support is not a predictor of decreased death anxiety but correlated with image of death and coping style of death anxiety, for which those who reported greater support tend to use more human relationships and fewer religious beliefs. Early in the next century 25% of Japan's population will be 65 years of age or older. Elderly Japanese have benefited from the traditional values of family care giving which historically provided great social support. How do these elderly respond to questions about the end of their lives when their reported social support varies? [source] Estimation of height in elderly Japanese using region-specific knee height equationsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Barbara Lohse Knous Two knee height equations to predict standing height of Japanese elderly were cross-validated with Joetsu City elders. One equation was derived with Hawaiian residents of Japanese ancestry and the other with elders from the Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan. Subjects included 40 men and 39 women free-dwelling, healthy elders with mean ages of 68.0 ± 2.2 years and 68.0 ± 2.7 years, respectively. Heights of the subjects were representative of Japanese elderly. Experienced nurses, trained to measure knee height, also measured standing height with an automatic stadiometer. A pilot study refined measurement skills. Differences between actual and predicted heights for both equations were significant. Multiple linear regression was used to derive knee height equations specific for elderly males and females living in Joetsu City: women, 63.06 + (2.38 × knee height in cm) ,(0.34 × age in years); men, 71.16 + (2.61 × knee height in cm) - (0.56 × age in years). Geographic-specific knee height equations for Japanese elderly and cross-validation with other locations are suggested to facilitate the accurate use of knee height in nutritional assessment of Japanese elders. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:300,307, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||