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Its Effects (its + effects)
Selected AbstractsTechnology Entrepreneurs' Human Capital and Its Effects on Innovation RadicalnessENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, Issue 6 2007Matthew R. Marvel Radical innovations transform existing markets, create new markets, and stimulate economic growth. This study investigates how the experience, education, and prior knowledge of technology entrepreneurs relate to innovation radicalness. Findings from a sample of 145 technology entrepreneurs operating within university-affiliated incubators suggest that general and specific human capital are both vital to innovation outcomes. Innovation radicalness was positively associated with formal education and prior knowledge of technology, but negatively associated with prior knowledge of ways to serve markets. This suggests a counterintuitive conclusion,the less technology entrepreneurs know about ways to serve a market, the greater their chances of using technology knowledge to create breakthrough innovations within it. Finally, we discuss configurations of human capital that are likely to bestow unique advantages in the construction of radical innovations. [source] Fatty Acid Composition of Beef Intermuscular, Sheep Tail, Beef Kidney Fats and Its Effects on Shelf Life and Quality Properties of KavurmaJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 2 2009. Aksu ABSTRACT:, The effects of beef intermuscular (BIF), beef kidney (BKF), and sheep tail fats (STF) and storage time on fatty acid composition, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acids (FFA), pH and L*, a*, and b* values, and Enterobacteriaceae counts of sliced vacuum-packaged Kavurma were investigated. Kavurma was made from fresh beef which contained different amounts of melted BIF, BKF, STF, and salt as 10 groups. The Kavurma was sliced 3 to 4 cm thick and was vacuum packed and stored at 4 ± 0.5 °C for 360 d. Animal fat groups (BIF, STF, and BKF) had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) in terms of both fatty acid composition and total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Used animal fat types and levels in Kavurma production had a significant effect on unsaturated fatty acid composition (except for C18:1n9t) (P < 0.01). C18:1n9c was the dominant fatty acid in all Kavurma groups, and the highest C18:1n9c was determined for 50% STF + 50% BKF (group 6). TBARS and FFA values were affected by the treatment (P < 0.01) and storage time (P < 0.01). The lowest TBARS value was found in group 10 (30% BIF + 35% STF + 35% BKF). There was a significant (P < 0.01) difference in FFA content in Kavurma between 0 and 180 and 360 d, and this value increased during storage time. The a* values of Kavurma decreased during storage, and the greatest decrease was determined between days 0 and 180 of storage. Enterobacteriaceae counts were determined to be under the detectable level in all Kavurma groups during storage. [source] Control of Environmental Lighting and Its Effects on Behaviors of the Alzheimer's TypeJOURNAL OF INTERIOR DESIGN, Issue 2 2002Melinda La Garce M.F.A. ABSTRACT The study investigates environmental lighting interventions designed to control the natural daylight effects of the setting sun and resultant behavior change. The purpose of this study was to determine if the frequency of disruptive behaviors of the Alzheimer's type that are defined across the literature to include wandering, anxiousness, combativeness, negative verbalizations, pilfering/hoarding, inappropriate sexual behavior, inappropriate emotional behavior, attention seeking, repetitive statements, and behaviors that are apparently precipitated and/or intensified by the effects of the setting sun i.e., changes in color, angles, and intensity of daylight, can be altered by environmental lighting interventions designed to control the daylight effects of the setting sun. This learning/practice partnership brought together the diverse expertise of research team members and provided new ways of examining research questions. Subjects were evaluated by medical practitioners to determine the probable presence of Alzheimer's disease. Disruptive behaviors were identified by trained observers reviewing 100 hours of videotaped observation, and videotaped observations of the subjects continued as subjects rotated monthly for four months between two apparently identical environments,one controlled and one experimental using environmental lighting interventions. Trained observers made double blind observation of subjects and recorded the frequency of disruptive behaviors on behavior observation checksheets. Tabulations of the disruptive behaviors were made, and percentage of change was calculated. A drop of 41% in the disruptive behaviors of subjects, while in the experimental environment, was demonstrated in the first rotation cycle, and an 11 % drop in disruptive behaviors was found in a second cycle. Inter-rater reliability across all tapes was 70%. Individuals exhibiting the highest frequencies of disruptive behaviors also demonstrated the most dramatic decreases in these behaviors while in the experimental environment. Environmental lighting interventions designed for this study appear to lessen the detrimental behavioral| effects of the setting sun on the behaviors of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. [source] Density of Familial Alcoholism and Its Effects on Alcohol Use and Problems in College StudentsALCOHOLISM, Issue 8 2008Christy Capone Background:, Previous studies of family history of alcoholism (FHA) in college students have typically relied on dichotomous indices of paternal drinking. This study examined the prevalence of FHA and its effects on alcohol use and problems using a density measure in a sample (n = 408) of college students. Methods:, Undergraduate students completed an anonymous survey in exchange for course credit. Data was collected between 2005 and 2006. Results:, Using a density measure of FHA, we observed an overall prevalence rate of 65.9% and a rate of 29.1% for FHA in both first and second-degree relatives. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to investigate relations among FHA, alcohol use/problems and previously identified etiological risk factors for alcohol use disorders (AUD). Results indicated a significant positive association between FHA and alcohol-related problems and this relationship was mediated by age of onset of drinking, behavioral undercontrol and current cigarette use. Behavioral undercontrol also mediated the relationship between gender and alcohol problems. Additionally, FHA was associated with an earlier age of onset of drinking and this was related to greater alcohol use. Conclusions:, Assessing density of FHA in future trajectory research may capture a greater number of students at risk for acute alcohol-related problems and/or future development of AUDs. Future preventive interventions with this population, which should begin well before the college years, may benefit from considering personality factors and incorporating smoking cessation to help identify at-risk students and assist those who wish to cut down on their alcohol use but find that smoking acts as a trigger for increased drinking. [source] Decomposing Product Innovativeness and Its Effects on New Product SuccessTHE JOURNAL OF PRODUCT INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 5 2006Roger J. Calantone Does product innovativeness affect new product success? The current research proposes that the ambiguity in findings may be due to an overly holistic conceptualization of product innovativeness that has erroneously included the concepts of product advantage and customer familiarity. This article illustrates how the same measures have often been used to assess product advantage with product innovativeness and product innovativeness with customer familiarity. These paired overlaps in measurement use are clarified in this research, which decomposes dimensions of product innovativeness along conceptual lines into distinct product innovativeness, product advantage, and customer familiarity constructs. To further support this decomposition, structural equation modeling is used to empirically test the distinctions. The measurement model supports the conceptual separation, and the path model reveals contingent effects of product innovativeness. Although product innovativeness enhances product advantage, a high level of innovativeness reduces customer familiarity, indicating that product innovativeness can be detrimental to new product success if customers are not sufficiently familiar with the nature of the new product and if innovativeness fails to improve product advantage. This exercise in metric development also reveals that after controlling for product advantage and customer familiarity, product innovativeness has no direct effect on new product profitability. This finding has strong implications for firms that mistakenly pursue innovation for its own sake. Consideration of both distribution and technical synergy as driving antecedents demonstrates how firms can still enhance new product success even if an inappropriate level of innovativeness is present. This leads to a simple but powerful two-step approach to bringing highly innovative products to market. First, firms should only emphasize product innovativeness when it relates to the market relevant concepts of product advantage and customer familiarity. Second, existing technical and distribution abilities can be used to enhance product quality and customer understanding. Distribution channels in particular should be exploited to counter customer uncertainty toward newly introduced products. [source] Leukocyte Removal and Its Effects on ImmunomodulationARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 6 2010Yukihiko Nosé MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Modeling Lipid Uptake in Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Vascular Prostheses and Its Effects on Mechanical PropertiesARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 5 2000Diego Mantovani Abstract: The radial transport across the wall of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) arterial prostheses has a significant effect on lipid uptake observed in prostheses implanted in humans, which has been postulated to be one of the causes associated with implant failure. The goal of this study was to stimulate radial transport on a lipidic dispersion across the wall of an ePTFE prosthesis and investigate its effects on the circumferential mechanical properties of the prosthesis. An in vitro model was developed to simulate the lipidic radial transport across the wall. Lipids contained in a phosphatidylcholine dispersion were used as the transported molecules. Lipid concentration profiles were obtained after exposing commercial ePTFE prostheses to various transmural pressure and/or lipidic concentration gradients. Phospholipids gradually accumulated up to the external reinforcing wrap of the prosthesis, which clearly acted as a rigid barrier against lipid infiltration. Tensile tests performed on the virgin samples showed that the wrap was much more rigid than the microporous part of the prosthesis. After the lipid simulation, the rigidity of the wrap decreased with respect to what was observed for the virgin prosthesis. Finally, some clinical implications of this phenomena are discussed. [source] A Patient's Guide to the Polycystic Ovary: Its Effects on Health and FertilityAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Dr Kevin Forbes No abstract is available for this article. [source] | |||||||||||||